icbdm_29.pdf

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A tcartsb Voltage sags and ws ell are rf equent

events and era usua ll y associated wit tluafh i ,krowtenn

iw th noitazigrene of transform re or starting of l ra ge

m oto sr et .c Their ud ar tion is v yre hs ort, but th nacye

er present big pr bo lems of se sn itive load l ki e wop re electr no ic

devices. nI this repap , a fast PWM-based Dynamic V tlo age

eR storer ( VD )R h sa b nee m do elled and sim lu at de iw th a

Fu yzz L go ic C no troll re F( L )C to invest gi ate its p re forman ec

and the relevan ert sults era presented. A m tlu ifunc it no al

c no trol sy ts me is pro sop ed in hw i hc t he VD R protects ht e load

v lo tage using Posi ac st and fu yzz lo cig co tn ro ll ers wh ne the

sou ecr of di ts urbance in the p ra all le f ee ders. On ht e oth re

ha dn , ud ring a do snw t maer af ult, the eq piu ment protects the

PCC v lo tag ,e lim ti s ht e fault cu rr e tn , and pr to ects itself rf om

l ra ge fault cu rr ent. Wh ne the af lu ct u rr ent pass se thr guo h the

DV ,R it acts lik seirese variabl ie mpedan .ec

This repap presents the di ig t la m do ellin ag nd

is m lu at oi n of a FLC-bas de VD R rednu egatlov s/gas well

anemonehp . nI siht esac , eht yzzuf ccigol o tn roll re h sa been

ni corporat de ni st dae of conven it on la cIP ontr lo l .re hT e

is m lu a it on t oo l us de is the M ALTA B/Simulink Pow re Sy ts me

Block s te .)BSP( To m ti igate the v lo tage s ga pr bo lem, a

rp ototype m do el has been consid re ed.

sdrowyeK ,RVD,ytilauQrewoP CLF , tsacisoP,MWPrellortnoC

.I I NOITCUDORTN

llasezeeuqstahtmretevisneherpmocasiytilauqrewoP

egatlovehtfoycneuqerfdnaesahp,edutilpmahtiwdetalerserutaef

tnerrucdna smrofevaw gnitsixe ni a rewop tiucric 1[ ]. r ewoprooP

ehtnietalumuccasnoitidnoctneisnartmorfrehtietluseryamytilauq

onfonoitallatsniehtmorfrotiucricrewop n- .sdaolraenil

T rewopeh baredisnocsemocebytilauq l ehttaroirefniy

niop t cossaerasdaolehterehws i otdeta ideht s noitubirt A.dirg

nisnoitcuderelbaredisnocesuacyamtneilcelgnis p rofytilauqrewo

sremusnocrehtoynam .]2[ gnidnatsrednU rewop qu ytila seussi si a

tniopgnitratsdoog rof gnivlos yna ytilauqrewop ffid i ytluc dna

gnidnatsrednu nifeddnasmretytilauqrewopeht csisnoiti r otlaicu

ehthtiwrailimafgnitteg rewop ytilauq ecnatsbus .]3[

During last d ce ad hcraeserlaitnatsbus,e h sa been

ca rr ied ou nit i nn vo ating diff re ent n we configuration fs or h r a m ino c

m ti iga it on in ac-d cc onverter with R-L load. Th ere have been a

un mb r e of devel po me tn s in c no trol tech in uq es used in op w re

sy ts em A. comp er hensive revi we afo ctiv f e ilt (re A )F conf gi urations,

co tn rol st ar tegies, sel ce tion of compone tn s, o ht er er late ced o on mic

and tech in c la con is d re at oi sn and their sel ce oit n for specific

applicat oi ]4[dnuoferasn .

K. V. Kum ra p er se tn ed the p re of rman ec comp r a ison of

Shunt Activ Pe ow re Fi tl re S( APF) and Hybrid Act vi e Pow re

F li t re ( AH )FP iw th three id f ref ent on nlinear loa sd . wT o id ff r e ent

IP controllers bas de on av r e age loa cad t vi e pow r e and

synchr no ous r r efe en ec arf m yroehte era em olp y de in iht s

is m lu a it on s ut dy. M ALTA /B MIS LU INK is used for ht e

sim lu ation of SAP aF nd HA .FP

iroglaretlifrewopevitcatnuhseerhtfonosirapmoC smht

.]5[deidutsosla

oC m ib n de sy ts em fo hs unt pa ss vi e and ser ei s active filt re

fo far our-wi er th er e-phase sy ts me h sa be ne de is gn de and

is m lu at de w ti Mh ALTA B/ MIS LU I KN . The sy ts cme ombined

m ti igat se the s uo r cec ur er nt h ra m ino cs and compensates also

unbalan ec voltag se er ducing ht e problems of u is ng onl ay hs nu t

pas is ve f li t .re Ther f e or ,e a n we c no trol me ht od bas de in the op w re

vector theo yr h sa been pr po so ed ]6[

nA a ss essment and comp ra i os n of hybri ad ct vi fe ilters,

including their topo ol gies, rati gn s, and control a gl or hti ms.

Sim lu at noi eras presented, al no g with a comp er hen is ve ot p lo go y

and pe fr orman cec omp r a i os n. In a idd tion, a m ido fi de "p-q" theo yr

is intro ud dec for co tn rol ts rategies, whi hc is mo er ef as bi le for

ext ar ct ni g h r a m ino c com op nents for distorted load voltages .]7[

E. .R Ribei or h sa b nee present de a seri se active filt re

using a is mpl ce o tn rol tech in qu .e The series ca it ve filter is

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a pp il ed as a co tn ro ll ed ov tl age sou ecr oc nt yrar to its common

usage sa variable impedan tI.ec redu sec ht e t re m ni la h ra m ino c

voltages, supplying lin rae or even no ln in r ae loads with a

g oo d quality vo tl age waveform. The po erat oi n principl ,e co tn rol

st ar tegy, and ht eoretical analysis o tf he ac it v fe ilt erare presented

.]8[

A c no trol scheme based on synchro uon s d-q-0

transforma it on for a hybrid seri se ov tl age compensato tdnar he

ef ef ctiveness of the n we control scheme in compe sn ating for

voltage sags, distort oi n and voltage f il ckers is dem no strated

u is n noitalumisg er us lts. Its du la r lo e sa a h r a m ino c rotalosi si

osla debircsed . nosirapmocA neewteb eht desoporp schem se

ga ainst an exis it ng co tn rol schem sie prese tn ed via is m lu ation .]9[.

H di eaki Fujita presents a com nib ed sy ts me of a pas is ve

filt r e and a small- ar ted active fi tl e ,r ob th conn ce t de in s r e ies iw th

each oth .re The pa ss vi fe ilte err m vo se lo da produc de harm ino sc

uj st as a conven it on la one does. On ht e oth re ha dn , the active

fi tl er lp ays a role in impro iv ng the filt re ni g ch ara cteristics of

ht e pas is v fe ilt .]01[re

RP.II OP DESO SYST ME

The blo k c diagr ma fo orp p so ed sy ts me si s oh wn in figu er

.1.giF Blo k c diagram fo rp opose metsysd

As s oh wn in f gi ure, ht e load voltage is reg lu ated by ht e

DVR thr guo h ni ject ni g Vdvr. For simp il c ti y, the bypass s iw tch

shown in Fi ug r 1.e is on t presented in this f ugi .er H ,ere it is dnik

fo assumed that the lo da has a res si tan ec Rl an nad inductan ec Ll.

The VD R harm ino c filt re h sa an inductan ec of Lf, a er is stance of

fR , dna a ecnaticapac fo fC . Also eht, D RV noitcejni remrofsnart

sah com nib ed wi dn ing resistance of tR , a leakage ni ud ctan ec of Lt

and turns ar tio f o n: 1.

.2.giF iD strib tu ion s sy t me wi tht h De VR

TSACISOP.III CONTR R ELLO

The Posi ac st controll re is us de in ord r e to impr vo e ht e

transient er s op ns F.e gi . 3 s oh ws a ty ip c la tnoc rol block diagram fo

ht e DV .R

O.3.giF pen-l oo p control using the Posicast co tn ro ll er

esuaceB in re la situati no s, we era dealing with m lu tiple

f ee ders c no nected to a common b su , namely ht e Point of

Common Co pu l ni g (P ,)CC from on w on V1 and V2, iw ll be

repl ca ed iw th VP CC and VL er, spect vi ely, to make a gen re a il z de

sens .e As s oh wn in the figu ,er in the open-l oo p contr lo , the voltage

on the s uo r ec is de of ht e VD R (VPCC) is comp dera iw th a

load- is de fer e er n ec voltag (e VL*

os) taht the n ce e ss a yr inj ce t oi n

voltag (e Vi vn ) is derive .d

A is m lp e me ht od to continue is to ef ed the re ror is gnal

i tn o ht e PWM invert r e of the VD .R But the probl me with ht is is

that ht e tran is ent oscillat noi s initiated at the start ni stant from

ht e voltage s ga could not be damped us fficiently.

To impr vo e the damp ni g, as shown in Fig. 3, the

Posicast c no tr lo l re can be su ed uj st befo er trans r ef ring ht e signal

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to the PWM i vn erter of the VD .R hT e transf f re unct oi n fo the

co tn ro ll er nac be descr bi ed as fol ol ws:

erehW and T erad ht e step resp no se oversh oo t and ht e

p re oi d of damp erde sp no se s gi nal r , espect vi ely. tI s oh uld be not dethat ht e Posicast controll re has il mit de h gi h- r f equen yc ga ni ; hen ,ec

ol w sensit vi ti y to nois .e To f ni d th ae ppropriate values of and, first

eht VD R mod le iw ll eb deriv de a cc ord ni g to F gi .3, sa fo ll o :sw

Then, according to the definit oi ns of damping and the

del ya it me in th ce ontrol lit are ut r ,e a nd Td era der vi ed sa follo sw :

The Posi ac st contro ll re works by pole eli nim ati no and

prop re er gulat oi n of ti sisretemaraps necess r a y. For t ih s

aer s no , it is evitisnes to ni accurate ni forma it on of the sy ts me

dam nip g er sonance rf equency. To dec er ase t sih se sn iti iv ty, sa is

s woh n in F gi . 3, the open- ol op co tn ro ll er c na be c no verted to a

closed l oo p contro ll re b ay dd ni g a m lu ti ol op ef edback path

p ra a ll el to ht ee x si t ni g ef ed forward pa ht . Incl su ion of deefa

forward and a f ee dback path i cs omm lno efery r der to sa two-

deg er es-of erf e od (m 2- OD )F co tn rol in the lit r e ature. As the name

im ilp es, 2- OD F c no trol provid se a OD F for ensuring fast dynamic

t ar cking thro gu h the fe de fo awr rd path and a sec no d deg eer of

f er e od fm or ht e independent tu in ng of the sy ts me disturban ec

compe sn at oi n thro gu h th eefe dback path. The f ee dback path

consi ts s of na out r e voltage loop and a fast inn r e cu r r ent loop.

To elim ni at ehte steady- ts ate ov tl ag r te ac ik ng error (VL*-VL ,)

a com tup ationally less inten is ve seR onant compe sn ator is added to

the uo ter voltage l oo p. The di e la R+P es no ant compe sn ator can be

ma ht ema it ac ll ey xp er ssed as

wh ere Kp and Ki era gain constants and the

controll re er os nan erft quen yc . Theoreti ac lly,

ht e er sonant controll re compe sn ates by introducing na inf ni ite

gain at ht e resonant erf quen yc of 50 Hz to fo cr e ht e steady- ts ate

ov tl age re ror to zero. The di eal resonant controll ,re oh wever,

ca ts ekil a network with an infinite uq al ti y caf to ,r hw ich is not

realizable in p ar cti .ec A mo er pr ca it c la (non id ae l) compe sn ator is

ther f e o er su ed h ,ere and i es xp er ssed as

erehW 1sihcihwycneuqerfffotucrotasnepmocehtsituc.noitacilppasihtnis/dar

S.VI I UM LATI NO DIAG AR M

sA mall prototype mod le of VD R connect de to 3-

phase u it lity has b ee cn onsid r e ed and st idu de analy it ca ll y with a

Fuz cyz ontr lo l .re The is m lu ation of this m do le is c r a ri de out with

M ALTA B/Sim ilu nk. The resu tl s rf om sim lu a oit eran p er sented. The

is m lu atio ehtdnaRVDtuohtiwdnahtiwsllews/gasrofenoderasn

erastluser prese .tn

.4.giF Sag witho tu DVR

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427


aS.5.giF g wi ht DVR

wS.6.giF ell wi ht o tu DVR

.giF 7. wS ell wi ht DVR

.giF 8 LLEWS/GASrofRVD.

ALUMIS.V TUPTUONOIT

.giF 9. Ou tupt wavefo mr rof as g iw tho tu DVR

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527


1.giF 0. O tuptu wavefo mr rof as g wi ht DVR

1.giF 1. Ou tupt wavefo mr rof swell iw tho tu DVR

1.giF 2 wtuptuO. RVDhtiwllewsrofmrofeva

NOISULCNOC

The probl me of ov ltage sag/swell hw ich h sa em r e g de a

major con ec rn in ht e field of pow re qual ti y has been inve ts igated

in ht is pap r e c no sider ni g p ara met sre of a prototype m do el. The

e ff ective algorithm h sa b nee develop de in ord re to o tb ain a fast

er sp no se of the devic .e The analy is s of m ti igat ni g ov tl age s ga dna

llews o af 3-phase DV r ednuR posicast controll r e is c r ra i de out

using MA ALT .B

The er us lts of is mulat oi n era p er sented and d si cu ss ed.

The pr po ose cd o tn ro ll re fo VD R exhib ti s a h gi lh y tceffe iv ,e a

af st r e and fle bix le control for an ffe icient voltag fe lick r e m ti igat oi n

in powe sr y ts em .s

SECNEREFER

]1[

.SdnamiK.H,eaB.B,EEEI,rebmeMroineS,naH denibmoC,keaBrewoPdeifinUfonoitarepO - renoitidnoCytilauQ iw ht detubirtsiD

,noitareneG yreviledrewopnosnoitcasnarTEEEI ,1.on,12.lov,yraunaJ .6002

]2[

nA,ebanataW.HnosdE,nnamueHsnemelK,sederAoiciruaM

rewoPnosnoitcasnarTEEEI,renoitidnoCeniLrewoPevitcAlasrevinU

1lirpA,2.oN,31.loV,yrevileD .899

]3[

,reiaB.RsolraCdnanaroM.AsiuL,azonipsE.ResoJ,zonuM.AreivaJ

stnenopmoCagnitargetnInoitarugifnoCCQPUraludoMafongiseD

,42.lov,yreviledrewopnosnoitcasnarTEEEI,sisylanAlacimonocE

,4.on rebotcO .9002

]4[

B. S ni g ,h a .Kdn Al-Ha dd a ,d A er iv e fow ca ti ev fil et r rofs wop er

uq ality impr vo e ,tnem IE asnarTEE cti rtsudnInosno i lEla ce nort ics .lov,069.pp,5.on,64 - ,179 Oc .9991.t

]5[

hC a lr e .s S, a .Gdn Bh vu ane ws a ,ir apmoC r si o htfon er e pha es tnuhs

ca t opevi ew r fil ret algorit mh s , I anoitanretn tupmoCfolanruoJl er

elEdna c rt ic nignEla ee ir gn 571.pp,1.on,2.lov, - ,081 eF .0102.b

]6[ S. P. Litra ,n P. Sal em ,nor J V.R. az uq ez, a dn J. L. F r ol e ,s

snepmoC ati f ono lov ta bnueg a nal ce a dn curre htn a scinomr wit ah es r sei

acti ev wop er etlif r , Renewa elb Energy &Po rew Quality Jou nr al, on . 3,

.raM 2005.

]7[

L ,nehC. a .Adn .V J uo a nn e, A c apmo r anosi nd a fotnemssess hybr difilte olopotr g sei a dn c alortno lgorit ,smh IE M.nnACSEP/EE eeting

noC f 65.pp,2.lov, 5- .075

.E]8[ .R riebiR o, a dn I. Ba ,ibr Ha omr vcin ol at eg er ud cti isuno ng a se ir es

ca ti ev fil r et dnu e fidr ef re tn daol c idno t ,snoi IE EE T snoitcasnar no

rewoP elE c nort ics, .lov 2 ,1 .on ,5 .pp 931 4- ,2041 Se .6002.p

dnanoitasnepmocegatloV,eociauQ.E.Jdna,kihtraKnannaK]9[

evissaptnuhsdnaevitcaseiresgnisunoisserppuscinomrah

,gnireenignEretupmoCdnalacirtcelE,sretlif naidanaC

ecnerefnoc 285.p,0002,1.lov, - .685

.H]01[ F ju i ,at a .Hdn Akag ,i pA racti ac pal p or ac ahoth rmo scin

c snepmo ati wopnino er sy ssmets erie ocs nnecti f ono pa ss i ev

a dn ca ti ev filte ,sr IE asnarTEE ction yrtsudnInos

ilppA c ta i no s .on,72.lov, 201.pp,6 0- .voN,5201 .1991

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