ibs354 pp chapter 2 module 2
TRANSCRIPT
Understanding Understanding Intercultural Intercultural Communication Communication Second Second EditionEdition
Chapter 2
What is Intercultural Communication Flexibility?
Stella Ting-Toomey & Leeva C. Chung
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
PowerPoint Slides Designed by Alex Flecky and Noorie Baig
MENUMENU
I. Defining Intercultural Communication:
A Process Model
II. Practicing Intercultural Communication Flexibility
III. Developing Intercultural Communication
Flexibility
IV. Deepening Intercultural Process Thinking
Intercultural communication:
• symbolic exchange (digital, analogic)• process (transactional, irreversible)• cultural community• negotiate shared meanings (content,
relational, identity meaning)
• interactive situation (relational, psychological, physical)
• embedded societal system (multilayered context)
I. Defining ICC: A Process I. Defining ICC: A Process ModelModel
I. Defining ICC: A Process I. Defining ICC: A Process ModelModel
II. Practicing Intercultural II. Practicing Intercultural Communication FlexibilityCommunication Flexibility
Introduction Section:
1. Flexible and inflexible intercultural communication
2. Ethnocentric and ethnorelative mindset
II. Practicing ICC FlexibilityII. Practicing ICC Flexibility
Ethnocentric mindset…
- Stuck in own cultural worldviews, using our own cultural values as standards to evaluate others’ behaviors.
- Viewing our cultural way of living as “natural” and what’s going on in other cultures as “unnatural.”
- Evaluating the communication norms of our own cultural group as more “proper.”
- Acting in a conscious or unconscious manner in favor of the ingroup standard to
the exclusion of outgroup standard.
II. Practicing ICC FlexibilityII. Practicing ICC Flexibility
Ethnorelative mindset…
- Understanding behavior from the other person’s cultural frame of reference.
- Suspending ethnocentric, reactive judgments and engaging in a systematic cross-cultural comparative analysis.
- Promoting a respectful, inclusive climate via competent communication skills practice.
II. Practicing ICC FlexibilityII. Practicing ICC Flexibility
A. Three Content Components: Knowledge, Attitude, and
Skills
B. Three Criteria: Appropriateness, Effectiveness, and
Adaptability
III. Developing Intercultural III. Developing Intercultural Communication Communication FlexibilityFlexibility
A. Staircase Model: Four Stages of Flexible Intercultural Communication
1. Unconscious incompetence: blissful ignorance
2. Conscious incompetence: semi-awareness
3. Conscious competence: “full mindfulness”
4. Unconscious competence: “mindlessly mindful”
III. Developing ICC FlexibilityIII. Developing ICC Flexibility
III. Developing ICC FlexibilityIII. Developing ICC Flexibility
B. A Mindful Perspective: Flexible Communicators:
• Attune to their own internal assumptions, values, and expectations.
• Attend to alternative assumptions, values, and expectations of the cultural strangers.
• Learn to understand unfamiliar behaviors from multiple cultural angles.
• Are committed to shift communication styles when appropriate to the persons, goals, and cultural context = ICC Flexibility.
IV. Deepening Intercultural Process IV. Deepening Intercultural Process ThinkingThinking
Realize that ICC often involves these principles:
• Mismatched expectations stem from group differences.
• Involves degrees of biased intergroup perceptions, overgeneralizations, stereotypes.
• Simultaneous decoding and encoding of verbal/nonverbal messages.
• Multiple goal transactions: content, relational, identity.
• Calls for understanding of diverse communication approaches and styles.
• Often involves well-meaning culture bumps or clashes.
• Always takes place in context and in embedded systems.
IV. Deepening Intercultural Process IV. Deepening Intercultural Process ThinkingThinking
Mindfulness
Flexibility
Parting Thoughts…Parting Thoughts…
A traveler without observation is like a bird without wings…
~ Author unknown