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IBC Chapter 7

313 Congress Street Boston, MA 02210 617.330.9390 617.330.9383 fax

www.c3boston.com

Based on the 8th & 9th Editions of 780 CMR:

2009 & 2015 IBC with MA Amendments

For

Boston Society of Architects

May 18, 2016

Presented by Doug Anderson

Commercial Construction Consulting is a Registered Provider with The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems. Credit earned on completion of this program will be reported to CES Records for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for non-AIA members are available upon request.

This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.

Best Practice

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Learning ObjectivesLearn the topics covered in Chapter 7 of the Massachusetts Building Code

Understand exterior wall requirements, interior wall types, when to use them, and how they are constructed

Requirements for smoke and/or fire dampers, opening protectives, and smoke and draft control doors

Archaic Construction

Illustrations from the 2009 IBC Commentary unless otherwise noted

Chapter 7: Fire and Smoke Protection Features

� Primary and Secondary Frame members

� Exterior Walls

� Interior Walls

� Horizontal Assemblies

� Penetrations

� Fire-resistant Joint Systems

� Opening Protectives

� Duct and Air Transfer Openings

� Concealed Spaces

� Plaster

� Thermal and Sound Insulating Materials

� Prescriptive Fire Resistance

� Calculated Fire Resistance

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Primary and Secondary Frame MembersPrimary Structural Frame

� Columns

� Beams and Girders connected to columns

� Floor and Roof construction connected to columns

� Bracing elements critical to vertical support

� Individual encasement required on all sides

Secondary Structural Members

� Beams and girders not directly connected to the columns

� Floor construction not connected directly to columns

� Other bracing members

� Individual encasement on all sides, or within a membrane assembly

Exterior Walls

Fireresistance Rating

� Higher of Construction Type or Fire Separation Distance

� FSD 10 ft or less, rated from both sides

� FSD more than 10 ft, inside only

Openings

� Limited by Fire Separation Distance

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Interior Walls

Wall Types:

� Fire Walls/ Party Walls

� Fire Barriers

� Shaft Enclosures

� Fire Partitions

� Fire Partitions (Corridors)

� Smoke Barriers

� Smoke Partitions

� Horizontal Assemblies

� None of the Above

Horizontal Assemblies

Floor/Ceiling and Roof/Ceiling Assemblies

� Slab

� Membrane

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Penetrations

Walls

Floor/Ceiling Assemblies

Fire-resistant Joint Systems

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Opening Protectives

Fire Doors

� 2 Hr Fire Wall or Fire Barrier: 90 Minute

� 1 Hr Fire Barrier, shafts: 60 minute

� 1 Hr Fire Barrier, others (Use Group Separation): 45 minute

� 1 Hr or 30 minutes Fire Partitions, Corridors: 20 minute

� 1 Hr Fire Partitions, Others: 45 minute

� 1 Hr Smoke Barriers: 20 minute

� 3 Hr Fire Wall: 2@ 90 minute or 1@ 3 hr

Smoke and Draft Control

� Corridors and Smoke Barriers

Duct and Air Transfer Openings

� Fire Walls/ Party Walls: Fire Damper

� Fire Barriers: Fire Damper

� Horizontal Exits: Fire/Smoke

� Shafts: Fire/Smoke

� Subduct Exceptions

� Fire Partitions: Fire or Smoke

� Fire not required if fully sprinklered and duct is protected as a penetration

� Smoke not required for separate common/dwelling systems, or for smoke control systems

� Smoke Barriers, Smoke Partitions: Smoke Damper

� Horizontal Assemblies: Fire Damper (2 or 3 stories), or shaft

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Concealed Spaces

Required for Combustible Construction Only

Fire Blocking

Draftstopping

Thermal and Sound Insulating Materials

Fibreboard: Chapter 23

Foam Plastic: Chapter 26

Concealed

� Flame Spread 25, Smoke Develop 450� Exception: In Types III, IV and V, covered backings when in substantial

contact with wall or ceiling surface

Exposed

� Flame Spread 25, Smoke Develop 450

� Intumescent coatings

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Prescriptive Fire Resistance

Tables in 721

Archaic Construction

From Principles of Tile Engineering, H.C. Plummer& E.F. Wanner, ©1947

Calculated Fire Resistance

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Putting It All Together

General Guidelines

Fire resistance rated walls must be tested in accordance with ASTM E 119 or UL 263.

Testing requirements found in 780 CMR 703

If you put an opening, door, or penetrate a FRR wall, it also needs to meet certain requirements.

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Wall Types:

� Fire Walls/ Party Walls

� Fire Barriers

� Shaft Enclosures

� Fire Partitions

� Fire Partitions (Corridors)

� Smoke Barriers

� Smoke Partitions

� Horizontal Assemblies

� None of the Above

780 CMR 7.00: Supplemental Information

Fire Wall

Fire-resistance ratedProtected openingsContinuous from foundation to roof, Allows for structural collapse on either side without collapse of the fire wallProtected openings permittedEX: used to separate two buildings

Party Walls� A type of fire wall that separates two buildings on

a party line� No penetrations or openings allowed

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Fire Barriers

Fire resistance ratedExtends slab to slabProtected openingsLimited penetrations of membraneVertical or horizontal (if horizontal, refer to horizontal assemblies)Locations: area of refuge separation, separate occupancies in a mixed use building (if required), exit enclosures, exit passageways, atrium separation

Example of Continuity:Fire Barrier

From top of floor/ceiling assembly to underside of deck above:

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Shaft Enclosures

Enclosed space extends through one or more stories connecting vertical openingsConstructed as fire barriersEX: interior stairways, elevator hoistways, mechanical shafts

Fire Partitions (incl Corridors)

Fire-resistance ratedExtends slab to slab or slab to underside of floor/ceiling membraneEX: Typically used for elevator lobby separation, tenant spaces in a covered mall, dwelling units and guestrooms

Fire Partitions (Corridors) � Fire-resistance rated in accordance with 1016.0� Not interrupted by intervening rooms� Extends slab to slab or slab to underside of floor/ceiling

membrane� EX: Enclose an exit access corridor

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Example of Continuity:Fire Partition

From top of floor/ ceiling assembly to underside of floor assembly above:

Smoke Barrier

1 hr fire-resistance ratedExtends wall to wall and slab to slabEX: Usually used in Group I-2 and I-3 to evacuate occupants horizontally to another smoke compartment. Can be used in a smoke control system or part of an accessible means of egress systemFirefighter lobby in new high rise buildings >120 feet (>70 feet in MA)

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Smoke Partitions

No fire-resistance ratingResistant to the passage of smokeSlab to slabSpecific opening sealing requirements (710.5).EX: Corridor walls in a Group I-2 (Hospital, nursing home, mental hospital, detox facility)In lieu of a fire partition for elevator lobby

Horizontal Assemblies

Floor and roof assembliesContinuous without openings, penetrations or joints except as permittedMay or may not have a FRRMay also be required to be constructed as a smoke barrier

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Example of Continuity:Horizontal Assembly

From top of floor/ceiling assembly to underside of deck above:

Construction TypeType I – rated construction, limited combustibles

allowed in building

Type II – may be unrated (Type IIB) or rated

construction (Type IIA), limited combustibles allowed in building

Type III – typical masonry construction with rated

exterior walls, rated (IIIA) or non rated floors (IIIB), combustible construction allowed in building

Type IV – heavy timber

Type V – everything’s unrated (Type VB) or

everything’s 1 hr rated (Type VA), combustible construction allowed in building

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Construction Type Req’s

Exterior walls

Height and Area Limits

Single and Mixed Use buildings

� Mixed Use: provide separation in order to create larger building (use table on following page)

� Single Use: FRR construction could be used to create a larger building (can be considered “buildings on the same lot” per 780 CMR 501.2)

� Exterior walls don’t necessarily have to be FRR walls

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Use Group Separation

Accessory Rooms

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Dwelling Unit/ Sleeping Rooms

Fire partitions for vertical walls

Fire rated horizontal assemblies

In Types IIB, IIIB and VB, 30 minute

Other types, 1 hr

Corridors

Rated vs. Not Rated

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Corridors as egress componentsCan provide a 1 hour FRR corridor connecting the exit enclosures to measure travel distance in lieu of exit separation requirements

½ D for nonsprinkleredbuildings and 1/3 D for sprinkleredbuildings

ExitsExit Passageways – walls are fire barriers

Stairways – shaft walls are fire barriers

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Marking and Identification

Fire walls, fire barriers, fire partitions, smoke barriers and smoke partitions must be identified with signs or stenciling (Sec 703.6)

� Located at accessible floor, floor/ceiling or attic spaces;

� Repeated every 30 feet; and

� Min ½” lettering. Example: “Smoke barrier, protect all openings”

Thank you for your time!

Questions?

Doug Anderson

danderson@c3boston.com

This concludes The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems Program

313 Congress Street Boston, MA 02210 617.330.9390 617.330.9383 fax

www.c3boston.com

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