iau fm5, j. tauber
TRANSCRIPT
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IAU GA Focus Meeting 5 The Legacy of Planck Honolulu, 11-13 August 2015
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FM5: The Legacy of Planck
The aims of FM5 are to: - publicize the wide variety of current and potential uses of Planck data - foster exchanges between users of Planck data - get feedback to optimize the last delivery of Planck data products FM5 is sponsored by Div H (Interstellar Matter and Local Universe) and Div J (Galaxies and Cosmology) Scientific Organizing Committee Chair: J. Tauber - European Space Agency - The Netherlands Co-Chair: N. Mandolesi - IASF - INAF - Italy Co-Chair: J. L. Puget - Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale – France B. Barbuy, M. Bersanelli, F. R. Bouchet, J. Dunkley, G. Efstathiou, E. Falgarone, W. Freedman, M. Hazumi, J. M. Lamarre, C. Lawrence, P. Martin, H.U. Norgaard-Nielsen, T. Souradeep, R. Sunyaev, A. Zacchei
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Practical points for FM5
1. Warning: last-minute modifications to the programme may not be included in the online programme
Last talk of FM5 (Thursday @ 12:15): Rashid Sunyaev on “Planck and spectral distortions of the CMB"
2. Speakers: please make sure that your talks are uploaded BEFORE your session ! a. Contributed talks: <15 mins b. Invited talks: <30 mins please allow 2-3 mins for questions !
3. Take time to visit all the posters ! 4. Visit the ESA booth – direct access to the Planck Legacy Archive is
available, with expert support
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Introduction The Planck products
J. Tauber Planck Project Scientist European Space Agency on behalf of ESA and the Planck Collaboration
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Plan for this Introduction
1. A little background on Planck 2. Overview of the Planck data products 3. Overview of the Planck Legacy Archive
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A little background
• First proposals – COBRAS & SAMBA – in 1993
• Start of Planck in 1995 • Launch in May 2009 • Operations Aug 2009- Oct 2013 • First data release March 2013 • Second data release Feb – July 2015
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Planck Legacy Archive
• The Planck data products are generated by the LFI and HFI Data Processing Centres, under the supervision of the Planck Science Team
• The Planck Legacy Archive is the main distribution means of Planck data
• It contains all the data released by Planck since 2011 • ALL the data acquired by Planck is now available !
• http://pla.esac.sci.int • Visit the ESA booth in the Exhibition Hall to get direct access
and support ! • A partial mirror of the PLA exists at IPAC
• http://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu/data/Planck/docs/index.html
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Planck data releases
• 2011: The Early Release Compact Source Catalogue • Intended as a “quick” product to enable follow-up of interesting
sources, mainly with Herschel • 2013: the first major release of data
• Contained data products based on the first 15 months of observations, calibrated on the WMAP solar dipole • All-sky Temperature maps – by frequency • physical component maps and catalogues
• 2015: the first complete release of data • Data products using ALL the data acquired by Planck, calibrated on
the orbital dipole • All-sky Temperature and Polarization maps – by frequency • Physical component maps and catalogues • Timelines of cleaned and calibrated data
• 2016: the “final” release of data • Data products with improved handling of systematic effects • “semi-raw” timelines
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The main Planck products: 2015 temperature maps
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The 2015 polarization maps
Ratio of amplitude of polarized foregrounds to CMB is <1 for ell>40 at ~70 GHz
IAU FM5, J. Tauber
Q U P 30 GHz
44 GHz
70 GHz
100 GHz
143 GHz
217 GHz
353 GHz
-102
-10 -1 0 1 10 102
103
104
105
1 10 102
103
3 103
30-353 GHz: δT [µKcmb]; 545 and 857 GHz: surface brightness [kJy/sr] 30-353 GHz: δT [µKcmb]; 545 and 857 GHz: surface brightness [kJy/sr]
30 100 300
Frequency [GHz]
210
100
1000
Multipolemom
ent,
EE0.1 0.3
1
3
10
1010
30
30
100
100
Foregrounds/CMB, 73% sky
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Characteristics of the maps
• The Planck temperature frequency maps are the most exquisitely calibrated maps you have ever seen in this wavelength range !
• Absolute calibration accuracy is as low as ~0.1% (100-143 GHz) • The Solar dipole amplitude is determined by Planck to 0.06%
(0.02o in direction); worst residual 0.2% at 217 GHz • Relative calibration between 70 and 217 GHz <0.3% (0.5%
when including 353 GHz) • The 545 and 857 GHz maps are calibrated on planets
• The relative calibration is ~1%, but the absolute calibration is driven by the model uncertainty of 5%
IAU FM5, J. Tauber
• Planck has the potential to become a calibration standard for many ground- and space-based observatories
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Low-ell systematics
• At large angular scales (>10o), the HFI polarized maps (100-217 GHz) still contain significant levels of systematics
• Large angular scales (ll < 30) should NOT be used for cosmological analysis
• The polarized CMB maps produced using these maps and described in Planck papers have been high-pass-filtered accordingly
• We already know how to reduce the level of systematics very significantly – the 2016 products will incorporate this
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Component separation
• The main tool to separate physical components are their spectral characteristics
• Separating CMB and foregrounds are different processes: 4 methods are used for the CMB, 1-2 methods to resolve foregrounds
• Separating temperature and polarization are independent processes
Temperature Polarization
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10 30 100 300 1000
Frequency (GHz)
10
-110
010
110
2
Rm
s bri
ghtn
ess
tem
per
ature
(µ
KR
J)
CMB
Thermal dust
Free-freeSynchrotron
30 44 70 100 143 217 353 545 857
Spin
nin
g d
ust
CO 1-0
Sum fg
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Component separation
Distribution of the 30, 143 and 857 GHz sources
+00
+15
+30
+45
+60
-60
-45
-30
-15
360030060090120150 210240270300330
-60
Preliminary
PCCS2 in Total Intensity
Planck Collaboration 2015
IAU FM5, J. Tauber
Temperature
Polarization
CMB
Sources
Synchr
Synchr Free-free
Spin. dust Th. dust
Th. dust
CMB
HCN +..
CO 1-0 CO 2-1 CO 3-2
Q U
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The temperature anisotropies of the Cosmic Microwave Background
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SMICA
SMICA
The polarization anisotropies of the Cosmic Microwave Background
− 15 15µK
U
Q
E-modes
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Full Q Full U
Full E Full B
HRHD E
10 5 0 5 10
µKcmb
HRHD B
10 5 0 5 10
µKcmb
Polarized CMB
Zooming into a 20x20 deg patch (NEP) shows: • Characteristics (+ and x)
patterns for U and Q maps • High signal-to-noise for E-
modes • Very low signal-to-noise
for B-modes
Q U
E B
Noise IAU FM5, J. Tauber
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Astrophysical foregrounds from Planck: a complete view of the submm sky
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Polarized synchrotron emission
Planck Collaboration 2015
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The first complete view of polarized dust emission
Planck Collaboration 2015
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Tracing the Galactic magnetic field
dust emission
Bω
relativistic electron
synchrotron emission
dust grain
starlight polarization
30 GHz 353 GHz
Planck Collaboration 2015
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Lensing of the CMB
IAU FM5, J. Tauber −0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
1 10 100 500 1000 2000
[L(L
+1)]2C
L/2⇡[⇥
107]
L
Planck (2015)
Planck (2013)
SPTACT
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Diffuse Sunyaev-Zeldovich emission
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-3.5 5.0 y x 106
-180
-180
-160
-160
-140
-140
-120-120
-100 -100
-80 -80
-60-60
-40
-40-20
-20
0
0
2020
4040
6060
80 80
100 100
120120
14014
0
16016
0
-60
-40
-200
20
40
60
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Planck source catalogues
Distribution of the 30, 143 and 857 GHz sources
+00
+15
+30
+45
+60
-60
-45
-30
-15
360030060090120150 210240270300330
-60
Preliminary
PCCS2 in Total Intensity
Radio and dusty galaxies Galaxy clusters via the SZ effect
Cold galactic clumps High-redshift sources
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The Planck Legacy Archive
• Contains all the Planck data products • Timelines • Frequency maps
• Full and Partial data maps • Instrument characterisation data • Beams
• Physical component maps • CMB: 4 different versions • Commander foreground products
• Likelihood code • Cosmological data (power spectra, parameters, etc) • Helpful software, e.g. unit conversion, color correction etc • Online documentation (the Explanatory Supplement)
• In the future: the Planck Sky Model…
IAU FM5, J. Tauber http://pla.esac.sci.int
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PLA product downloads
• Most downloaded products: 1. Likelihood code 2. Frequency maps 3. Catalogues 4. CMB maps 5. Component maps 6. Simulations 7. …
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Papers based on Planck data
• Since launch (9 May 2009): • 120 papers published by the Planck Collaboration
• 81 of these accepted by a refereed journal (by 30 Jul) • Cited by ~6000 individual papers (5600 refereed)
• About 10% of these actually use Planck data • (remaining 90% “only” use the Planck best-fit
cosmology) • Breakdown by topic:
• 55% CMB cosmology • 16% SZ & clusters • 16% external galaxies • 11% interstellar medium
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• Planck provides a very complete view of both the near and the very distant Universe
• It will remain for many years a unique source of data to address a wide range of problems, from cosmology to astrophysics
• The Planck Legacy Archive already provides all the data that Planck has acquired • Every cosmologist and astronomer will find
something useful in it • USE IT !!!
• Look out for the 2016 release • Visit the ESA booth to get hands-on support
on how to use the PLA
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Summary
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IAU FM5, J. Tauber
CITA – ICAT
UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDIDI MILANO
ABabcdfghiejkl
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Fast forward 2005
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Thank you
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