I t d ti t A i t Hi l hi E tiIntroduction to Ancient Hieroglyphic Egyptian

Uniliterals (alphabet), biliterals, tri-literals, determinatives, nouns, singular, plural, verbs， adjectives, prepositions, , g , p , j , p p ,pronouns,word order (verb + noun subject + noun object)

Reading hieroglyphs on wall paintings and papyri

100927

1-consonant signs

Pronounciation

Determinatives

Determinatives

maak srwmaak

Determinatives

Nouns and Adjectives

Adjective comes after the noun

Can you transliterate these nouns and adjectives?

enfesu, ren, hebe, bin, aapedu, ikere

Prepositions

Names of Gods

Egyptian Mythology and Religion

Group of Nine (Ennead)p ( )

Atum Ra Shu Tefnut Geb Nut Osiris Seth IsisAtum , Ra, Shu, Tefnut, Geb, Nut, Osiris, Seth, Isis

and Moreand More

http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/menu.html

Osris King Sety I Horus

2-consonant signs2-consonant signs

3-consonant signs

Ideograms

Ideograms plus sound complements

Royal Names and Titles

R l E ith tsRoyal Epithets

DatingDating

renepet-sepe 28 khere heme en nesw-biti (ne)-maate-ra ankh jete

regnal year 28 unde person of the dual king Nimaatra living enduringly

Regnal year 14 under the person of the king of Upper and Lower Egypt Kheperkare, living enduringly

1 kh h b kh k khrenepet-sepe 14 khere heme en nesw-biti kheperkara ankh jete

From tomb of governor Senbi at Meir, Middle Kingdom

hk-pe-sh en-kah-en se-n-b-i 1 2 3 4 5,6 7 8 9 10 11

MaakhruMaakhru12 13

A foreleg for the ka of Senbi,the justified.

iw=i hr m’k dr pat

n ma=i mity srw pn

iu I here maak jer patne ma i miti seru penne ma i miti seru pen

I have been roasting since the beginning of time-I have never seen the like of this goose.

Offering FormulaOffering Formula

Limestone, painted, stela of Amenemhat, 12th Dynasty, Shows the classic offering scene.British Museum

djed medu een wsir ntr ah

word spoken by Osiris the great Godword spoken by Osiris, the great God