Original list compiled by Sandy Bivens and Deb Beazley, 1989 Revised 1999, 2003, 2007, 2011, 2018

Photographs by Deb Beazley

Jerusalem Artichoke

Warner Park Nature Center 7311 Highway 100

Nashville, Tennessee 37221 615-862-8555

Website: wpnc.nashville.gov Email: wpnc@nashville.gov

W I L D F L O W E R S

Passion Flower

Tennessee State Wildflower

OF WARNER PARKS

Wildflowers of Warner Parks Collecting of wildflowers is strictly prohibited, please protect our Parks.

Note: the letter codes after each species are explained in the Legend on page 13. Dicots Birthwort – Aristolochiaceae 1) Wild Ginger Asarum canadense N 2) Virginia Snakeroot Aristolochia serpentaria N, Br/Hf Buttercup – Ranunculaceae 3) Early Buttercup Ranunculus fascicularis N 4) Kidney-leaf Buttercup Ranunculus abortivus N 5) Hairy Kidney-leaf Buttercup Ranunculus micranthus N 6) Bulbosus Buttercup Ranunculus bulbosus Eu 7) Recurved Buttercup Ranunculus recurvatus N 8) Cursed Crowfoot Ranunculus sceleratus NAm 9) Bristly Buttercup Ranunculus pensylvanicus NAm 10) Common Buttercup Ranunculus acris Eu 11) Columbine Aquilegia canadensis N 12) Thimbleweed Anemone virginiana N 13) False Rue Anemone Isopyrum biteratum N 14) Rue Anemone Thalictrum (Anemonella) thalictroides N 15) Early Meadow Rue Thalictrum dioicum N 16) Black Cohosh Cimicifuga (Actaea) racemosa N 17) Doll's Eyes Actaea alba N 18) Dwarf Larkspur Delphinium tricorne N 19) Goldenseal Hydrastis canadensis N Moonseed – Menispermaceae 20) Canada Moonseed Menispermum canadense N 21) Carolina Snailseed Cocculus carolinus N 22) Cupseed Calycocarpum lyonii N Barberry – Berberidaceae 23) Mayapple Podophyllum peltatum N 24) Twinleaf Jeffersonia diphylla N 25) Blue Cohosh Caulophyllum thalictroides N Poppy – Papaveraceae 26) Bloodroot Sanguinaria canadensis N 27) Celandine (Wood) Poppy Stylophorum diphyllum N Bleeding Heart – Fumariacea

28) Dutchman’s Breeches Dicentra cucullaria N 29) Yellow Corydalis Corydalis flavula N

Nettle -– Urticaceae

30) Stinging Nettle Urtica chamaedryoides N 31) Wood Nettle Laportea canadensis N 32) False Nettle Boehmeria cylindrical N

Columbine

Bloodroot

1.

Violet Jelly Fill a glass jar with about two cups of rinsed, packed violet flowers. Cover with boiling water, put a lid on the jar and let the blossoms infuse for 24 hours. The next day strain the infusion, discarding the flowers. To two cups of liquid, add the juice of one lemon and one package of powdered pectin. Bring the mixture to a boil, add four cups of sugar. Bring back to a boil and boil hard for one minute. Pour into jars and seal. Be sure and watch for the beautiful color change when you add the lemon juice!

Virginia Price, 1989

Spring Salad Fixins

violet leaves & flowers day lily flower buds bittercress seed pods common plantain leaves dandelion leaves & flowers dock leaves chickweed leaves & flowers redbud flowers lamb's quarters leaves purslane leaves watercress leaves yellow wood sorrel leaves & seed pods (sparingly) clover leaves & flowers wild onion leaves and bulbs water pepper flowers & seeds Remember: no collecting in the Park Encourage these salad herbs in your yard

A nice mix of clover, violets & dandelions

Common Blue Violet

14.

Iris – Iridaceae

423) Pale Blue-eyed Grass Sisyrinchium albidum N 424) Iris Iris spp. C, G

Orchid – Orchidaceae

425) Slender Ladies’ Tresses Spiranthes lacera N 426) Little Ladies’ Tresses Spiranthes tuberosa N 427) Oval Ladies’ Tresses Spiranthes ovalis N 428) Crane-fly Orchid Tipularia discolor N 429) Putty-root Aplectrum hyemale N 430) Downy Rattlesnake Plantain Goodyera pubescens N 431) Lilyleaf Twayblade Liparis liliifolia N

Oval Ladies’ Tresses

Legend: indicates the native range of each plant or explains its occurrence in Warner Parks Am America As Asia Br/Hf Found on the Burch Reserve or Hill Forest, and not yet in Warner Parks C Cultivated CAm Central America Eu Europe G Garden escapee N Native NAf North Africa NAm North America Planted Planted at the Nature Center within its native range although it has not yet been found in the Parks SAm South America Tr Tropical

Pachysandra

13.

33) Pellitory Parietaria pensylvanica N 34) Clearweed Pilea pumila N Poke – Phytolaccaceae

35) Pokeweed Phytolacca americana N Cactus – Cactaceae

36) Prickly Pear Opuntia compressa N Goosefoot – Chenopodiaceae

37) Lamb’s Quarters Chenopodium album Eu, As Purslane – Portulacaceae

38) Spring Beauty Claytonia virginica N 39) Purslane Portulaca oleracea As

Carpetweed – Molluginaceae

40) Carpetweed Mollugo verticilliata Tr Pink – Caryophyllaceae

41) Sandwort Arenaria patula N 42) Field Chickweed Cerastium arvense N 43) Mouse-eared Chickweed Cerastium fontanum ssp vulgatum Eu, As 44) Sticky Chickweed Cerastium glomeratum Eu, As Br/Hf 45) Nodding Chickweed Cerastium nutans N, Br/Hf 46) Common Chickweed Stellaria media Eu 47) Giant (Star) Chickweed Stellaria pubera N 48) Forked Chickweed Paronychia canadensis N 49) White Campion Silene latifolia Eu 50) Starry Campion Silene stellata N 51) Fire Pink Silene virginica N 52) Deptford Pink Dianthus armeria Eu 53) Bouncing Bet Saponaria officinalis Eu

Smartweed – Polygonaceae

54) Long-bristled Smartweed Polygonum caespitosum As 55) Lady’s Thumb Polygonum persicaria Eu 56) Water Pepper Polygonum hydropiperoides N 57) Virginia Knotweed Polygonum virginianum N 58) Shore Knotweed Polygonum aviculare N 59) Erect Knotweed Polygonum erectum N 60) Pennsylvania Smartweed Polygonum pensylvanicum N 61) Black Bindweed Polygonum convolvulus Eu 62) False Buckwheat Polygonum scandens N 63) Broadleaf Dock Rumex obtusifolius Eu 64) Patience Dock Rumex patientia Eu 65) Curly Dock Rumex crispus Eu 66) Sheep Sorrel Rumex acetosella Eu, As

Spring Beauty

Dutchman’s Breeches

2.

St. Johnswort (Mangosteen) – Clusiaceae 67) St. Andrew’s Cross Ascyrum hypericoides N 68) St. Johnswort Hypericum punctatum N

Mallow – Malvaceae

69) Cheeses Malva neglecta Eu, As 70) Prickly Mallow Sida spinosa Tr

Passion-flower – Passifloraceae

71) Passion-flower, Maypops Passiflora incarnata N 72) Yellow Passion-flower Passiflora lutea N

Gourd – Cucurbitaceae

73) Creeping Cucumber Melothria pendula N 74) Bur Cucumber Sicyos angulatus N

Caper – Capparacea

75) Clammy-weed Polanisia dodecandra N Violet – Violaceae

76) Common Blue Violet Viola sororia N 77) Three Lobed Violet Viola palmata N 78) Cream Violet Viola striata N 79) White Canada Violet Viola canadensis N 80) Yellow Forest Violet Viola pubescens N 81) Field Pansy Viola rafinesquii N 82) Southern Woodland Violet Viola hirsutula N, Br/Hf 83) Green Violet Hybanthus concolor N

Mustard – Brassicaceae (Crusifereae)

84) Turnip Mustard Brassica rapa Eu 85) Black Mustard Brassica nigra Eu 86) Peppergrass, Poor Man’s Pepper Lepidium virginicum N 87) Common Pepperweed Lepidium densiflorum N, Br/Hf 88) Pennycress Thlaspi arvense Eu, NAm 89) Shepherd’s Purse Capsella bursa-pastoris Eu 90) Whitlow Grass Draba verna Eu, NAm 91) Nashville Mustard Lesquerella lescurii N 92) Cutleaf Toothwort Dentaria (Cardamine) laciniata N 93) Two-leaved Toothwort, Crinkleroot Dentaria (Cardamine) diphylla N 94) Slender Toothwort Dentaria heterophylla N, Br/Hf 95) Bittercress Dentaria (Cardamine) hirsuta Eu 96) Purple Cress Cardamine douglassii N, Br/Hf 97) Smooth Rock Cress, Sickle-pod Mustard Arabis laevigata N 98) Wintercress Barbarea vulgaris Eu, Am 99) Purple Rocket lodanthus pinnatifidus N 100) Dame’s Rocket Hesperis matronalis Eu 101) Garlic Mustard Alliaria petiolata Eu 102) Hedge-mustard Sisymbrium officinale Eu 103) Watercress Nasturtium officinale, Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum Eu, As

Field Pansy

St. Andrew’s Cross

3.

Cattail – Typhaceae

395) Common Cattail Typha latifolia N Lily – Liliaceae

396) Wild Hyacinth Camassia scilloides N 397) Trout Lily Erythronium americanum N 398) White Trout Lily Erythronium albidum N 399) False Garlic Nothoscordum bivalve N 400) Ramp Allium tricoccum N 401) Wild Garlic Allium canadense N 402) Wild Onion Allium vineale Eu 403) Toadshade Trillium, Sweet Betsy Trillium cuneatum N 404) Sessile Trillium Trillium sessile N 405) Twisted Petal Trillium Trillium stamineum N 406) Prairie Trillium Trillium recurvatum N 407) White Trillium, Bent Trillium Trillium flexipes N 408) Large-flowered Bellwort Uvularia grandiflora N 409) False Solomon’s Seal Smilacina racemosa N 410) Solomon’s Seal Polygonatum biflorum N 411) Spider Lily Hymenocallis caroliniana N 412) Star of Bethlehem Ornithogalum umbellatum Eu, G 413) Day Lily Hemerocallis fulva C, G

Greenbrier – Smilaceae

414) Common Greenbrier Smilax rotundifolia N 415) Smooth Greenbrier Smilax herbacea N 416) Bristly Greenbrier Smilax bona-nox N 417) Hispid Greenbrier Smilax tamnoides (hispida) N 418) Cat Greenbrier Smilax glauca N 419) Carrion Flower Smilax hugeri N, Br/Hf

Yam – Dioscoreaceae

420) Wild Yam Dioscorea villosa (quaternata) N 421) Cinnamon-vine, Chinese Yam Dioscorea batatas (oppositifolia) As, C

Amaryllis – Amaryllidaceae 422) Daffodil Narcissus pseudonarcissus C, G

Trout Lily

Twisted petal

Trillium

12.

Sedge – Cyperaceae

354) Black Bulrush Scirpus atrovirens N 355) Straw-colored Flat (Umbrella) Sedge Cyperus strigosus N 356) Redroot Flat Sedge Cyperus erythrozhizos NAm 357) White Bear Sedge Carex albursina N 358) Loose-flowered Sedge Carex laxiflora N 359) Reflexed Sedge Carex retroflexa N 360) Woodland Sedge Carex blanda N 361) Oval-headed Sedge Carex cephalophora N 362) White-tinted Sedge Carex albicans N 363) Cumberland Sedge Carex cumberlandensis N 364) Slender Woodland Sedge Carex digitalis var. macropoda N

365) James’ Sedge Carex jamesii N 366) Texas Sedge Carex texensis N Grass – Poaceae

367) Giant Cane, Bamboo Arundinaria gigantea N 368) Witch Grass Panicum capillare N 369) Fall Panic Grass Panicum dichotomiflorum N 370) Beaked Panic Grass Panicum anceps N 371) Wiry Panic Grass Panicum flexile N 372) Redtop Panic Grass Panicum rigidulum N 373) Nodding Fescue Festuca subverticillata N 374) Tall Fescue Festuca arundinacea Eu 375) Woodland Blue Grass Poa sylvestris N 376) Kentucky Blue Grass Poa pratensis Eu 377) Annual Blue Grass Poa annua Eu, As 378) Downy Wild Rye Elymus villosus N 379) Virginia Wild Rye Elymus virginicus N 380) Broomsedge, Orange Grass Andropogon virginicus N 381) Bamboo Grass, Nepal Grass Microstegium vimineum Tr, As 382) Bearded Shorthusk Brachyelytrum erectum N 383) Meadow Brome Bromus commutatus Eu 384) Orchard Grass Dactylis glomerata Eu 385) Poverty Oat Grass Danthonia spicata N 386) Cypress Panic Grass Dichanthelium dichotomum N 387) Broadleaf Rosette Grass Dichanthelium latiflorum N 388) Openflower Rosette Grass Dichanthelium laxiflorum N 389) Smooth Crab Grass Digitaria ischmaeum Eu, As 390) Melic Grass Melica mutica N 391) Dallis Grass Paspalum dilatatum SAm 392) Marsh Bristle Grass Setaria parviflora N 393) Shiny Wedgescale Sphenopholis nitida N 394) Purpletop Tridens Tridens flavus N

Broomsedge

11.

Wintergreen – Pyrolaceae 104) Pipsissewa, Spotted Wintergreen Chimaphila maculata N

Indian Pipe – Monotropaceae

105) Pine-sap Monotropa hypopithys N

Stonecrop – Crassulaceae 106) White Stonecrop Sedum ternatum N 107) Pink Stonecrop Sedum pulchellum N

Saxifrage – Saxifragace

108) Early Saxifrage Saxifraga virginiensis N 109) Foam Flower Tiarella cordifolia N 110) Alumroot Heuchera americana NAm

Rose – Rosaceae 111) Wild Strawberry Fragaria virginiana N 112) Indian Strawberry Duchesnea indica As 113) Cinquefoil Potentilla recta Eu 114) Spring Avens Geum vernum N 115) Rough Avens Geum laciniatum N 116) White Avens Geum canadense N 117) Agrimony Agrimonia microcarpa N 118) Downy Agrimony Agrimonia pubescens N 119) Prairie Rose Rosa setigera N 120) Wrinkled Rose Rosa rugosa As 121) Multiflora Rose Rosa multiflora As 122) Black Raspberry Rubus occidentalis N 123) Southern Blackberry Rubus argutus N Bean – Fabaceae

124) Red Clover Trifolium pratense Eu 125) White Clover Trifolium repens Eu, As 126) Crimson Clover Trifolium incarnatum Eu 127) Least Hop Clover Trifolium dubium Eu 128) Smaller Hop Clover Trifolium procumbens Eu, As, NAf 129) Carolina (White) Vetch Vicia caroliniana N 130) Slender Vetch Vicia tetrasperma Eu 131) Purple Vetch Vicia villosa (dasycarpa) Eu 132) Pygmy-flower Vetch Vicia minutiflora N, Br/Hf 133) Spring (Common) Vetch Vicia sativa var. nigra N, 134) Everlasting Pea Lathyrus latifolius Eu 135) Tick-trefoil Desmodium dillenii N 136) Pointed-leaved Tick-trefoil Desmodium glutinosum N 137) Naked-flowered Tick-trefoil Desmodium nudiflorum N 138) Few Flower Tick-trefoil Desmodium pauciflorum N, Br/Hf 139) Slender Bush Clover Lespedeza virginica N 140) Hairy Bush Clover Lespedeza hirta N

Early Saxifrage

Pipsissewa

4.

Bean – Fabaceae (cont.) 141) Chinese Lespedeza Lespedeza cuneata As 142) Butterfly Pea Clitoria mariana As 143) Hog-peanut Amphicarpa bracteata N 144) Partridge-pea Chamaecrista fasciculata N 145) Southern Wild Senna Senna marilandica N 146) Northern Wild Senna Senna hebecarpa NAm

Evening Primrose – Onagraceae

147) Common Evening Primrose Oenothera biennis N 148) Water Purslane Ludwigia palustris N 149) Wingstem Water Primrose Ludwigia decurrens N

Boxwood – Buxaceae

150) Pachysandra, Allegheny Spurge Pachysandra procumbens Planted Spurge – Euphorbiaceae

151) Fire-on-the-mountain Euphorbia cyathophora N 152) Flowering Spurge Euphorbia corollata N 153) Ridge-seeded Spurge Euphorbia glyptosperma NAm 154) Prostrate Spurge, Spotted Sandmat Euphorbia (Chamaesyce) maculata N 155) Lemon Spurge, Prairie Tea Croton monanthogynus N 156) Three-seeded Mercury, Copperleaf Acalypha virginica N 157) Hornbeam Three-seeded Mercury Acalypha ostryifolia N 158) Rhomboid Three-seeded Mercury Acalypha rhomboidea N 159) Slender Three-seeded Mercury Acalypha gracilens N, Br/Hf 160) Heart-leaved Tragia Tragia cordata N 161) Carolina Leaf-flower Phyllanthus caroliniensis N, Br/Hf

Cashew – Anacardiaceae

162) Poison Ivy Toxicodendron radicans N

Wood-sorrel – Oxalidaceae 163) Yellow Wood Sorrel Oxalis stricta N 164) Violet Wood Sorrel Oxalis violacea N 165) Giant Wood Sorrel Oxalis grandis N 166) Illinois Wood Sorrel Oxalis illinoensis N, Br/Hf

Geranium – Geraniaceae

167) Pink Carolina Cranesbill Geranium carolinianum N 168) Red Carolina Cranesbill Geranium dissectum Eu, As 169)Dove's Foot Cranesbill Geranium molle N

Touch-me-not – Balsaminaceae 170) Orange Spotted Touch-me-not Impatiens capensis N 171) Yellow Touch-me-not Impatiens pallida N Ginseng – Araliaceae 172) Ginseng Panax quinquefolium N

Blue Phlox

Violet Wood-sorrel

5.

326) Field Thistle Cirsium discolor N 327) Bull Thistle Cirsium vulgare Eu, As 328) Prickly Sow Thistle Sonchus asper Eu 329) Sweet Life Everlasting, Rabbit Tobacco Gnaphalium obtusifolium N 330) Bachelor’s Button Centaurea cyanus M 331) Rattlesnake-root, Tall White Lettuce Prenanthes altissima N 332) Wild Lettuce Lactuca canadensis N 333) Tall Blue Lettuce Lactuca floridana N 334) Prickly Lettuce Lactuca serriola Eu 335) Gray-headed Coneflower Ratibida pinnata N 336) Rough Hawkweed Hieracium scabrum N 337) Two-flowered Cynthia, Dwarf Dandelion Krigia biflora N 338) Dandelion Taraxacum officinale Eu, As 339) Chicory Cichorium intybus Eu, As 340) Yellow Goatsbeard Tragopogon pratensis Eu 341) Golden Ragwort Senecio aureus N 342) Butterweed Senecio glabellus N

Monocots Water Plantain – Alismataceae

343) Arrowhead Sagittaria latifolia Planted Arum – Araceae

344) Jack-in-the-pulpit Arisaema triphyllum N 345) Green Dragon Arisaema dracontium N

Duckweed – Lemnaceae 346) Duckweed Lemna perpusilla N 347) Water-meal Wolffia columbiana N, Br/Hf

Spiderwort – Commelinaceae 348) Virginia Spiderwort Tradescantia virginiana N 349) Wideleaf Spiderwort Tradescantia subaspera N 350) Erect Dayflower Commelina erecta N 351) Common Dayflower Commelina communis As

Rush – Juncaceae

352) Slender Rush Juncus tenuis N 353) Wood Rush Lazula echinata N

Virginia Spiderwort

Jack-in-the-pulpit

10.

Aster – Asteraceae 278) Black-eyed (Brown-eyed) Susan Rudbeckia triloba N 279) Fine-leaved Sneezeweed Helenium amarum N 280) Frostweed, White Wingstem (Crownbeard) Verbesina virginica N 281) Yellow Wingstem (Crownbeard) Verbesina alternifolia N 282) Yerba-de-tajo Eclipta prostrata NAm 283) Whorled Coreopsis Coreopsis major N 284) Leafy-bracted Tickseed, Beggar-ticks Bidens tripartita (comosa) N 285) Spanish Needles Bidens bipinnata N 286) Tickseed Sunflower Bidens polylepis N 287) Rayless Beggar-ticks Bidens frondosa N 288) Bur Marigold Bidens laevis N 289) Galinsoga Galinsoga quadriradiata SAm, CAm 290) White Bear’s Foot, Leafcup Polymnia canadensis N 291) Yellow Bear’s Foot, Leafcup Smallanthus uvedalius, Polymnia uvedalia N 292) Cup Plant, Indian Cup Silphium perfoliatum N 293) Great Ragweed Ambrosia trifida N 294) Common Ragweed Ambrosia artemisiifolia N 295) Jerusalem Artichoke Helianthus tuberosus N 296) Cocklebur Xanthium strumarium N 297) Common (Lesser) Burdock Arctium minus Eu, As 298) Mayweed, Dog Fennel Anthemis cotula Eu 299) Yarrow Achillea millefolium N 300) Ox-eye Daisy Chrysanthemum leucanthemum Eu, As 301) Pilewort, American Burnweed, Fireweed Erechtites hieraciifolia N 302) Canada Goldenrod Solidago canadensis N 303) Erect Goldenrod Solidago erecta N 304) Elm-leaved Goldenrod Solidago ulmifolia N 305) Wreath, Blue-stemmed Goldenrod Solidago caesia N 306) Short’s Aster Aster shortii N 307) Bushy Aster Aster dumosus N 308) Common Blue Wood Aster Aster cordifolius N 309) Philadelphia Fleabane Erigeron philadelphicus N 310) Daisy Fleabane Erigeron annus N 311) Horseweed Conyza canadensis N 312) Camphorweed Pluchea camphorata N 313) Plantainleaf Pussy-toes Antennaria plantaginifolia N 314) Solitary Pussy-toes Antennaria solitaria N, Br/Hf 315) Mistflower Eupatorium (Conoclinium) coelestinum N 316) Pink Thoroughwort Eupatorium incarnatum N 317) Sweet Annie, Dog Fennel Eupatorium capillifolium N 318) White Snakeroot Eupatorium rugosum N 319) Upland Boneset Eupatorium sessilifolium N 320) Late-flowering Boneset, Thoroughwort Eupatorium serotinum N 321) Joe-Pye-Weed Eupatorium fistulosum N 322) False Boneset Kuhnia eupatorioides N 323) Ironweed Vernonia gigantea N 324) Elephant’s Foot Elephantopus carolinianus N 325) Nodding Thistle Carduus nutans Eu

Golden Ragwort

Black-eyed Susan

9.

Carrot – Apiaceae 173) Wild Chervil Chaerophyllum procumbens N 174) Harbinger-of-spring Eringenia bulbosa N 175) Canada Snakeroot Sanicula canadensis N 176) Southern Black Snakeroot Sanicula smallii N 177) Three-leaved Black Snakeroot Sanicula trifoliata N 178) Honewort Cryptotaenia canadensis N 179) Hedge-parsley Torilis japonica Eu, As 180) Thicket Parsley Perideridia americana N 181) Queen Anne's Lace Daucus carota Eu, As Logania – Loganiaceae 182) Indian Pink Spigelia marilandica N Dogbane – Apocynaceae 183) Indian Hemp, Hemp Dogbane Apocynum cannabinum N 184) Vinca, Periwinkle, Myrtle Vinca minor Eu 185) Vinca, Periwinkle, Myrtle Vinca major Eu Milkweed – Asclepiadaceae 186) Common Milkweed Asclepias syriaca N 187) Butterfly Weed Asclepias tuberosa N 188) Swamp Milkweed Asclepias incarnata N 189) Anglepod Matelea gonocarpa N Nightshade – Solanaceae 190) Virginia Ground Cherry Physalis virginiana N 191) Downy Ground Cherry Physalis pubescens N 192) Clammy Ground Cherry Physalis heterophyla N 193) Horse Nettle Solanum carolinense N 194) Black Nightshade Solanum nigrum N 195) Jimson-weed Datura stramonium N Morning Glory – Convolvulaceae 196) Small White Morning Glory Ipomoea lacunosa Tr 197) Ivy-leaved Morning Glory Ipomoea hederacea Tr 198) Common Morning Glory Ipomoea purpurea Tr 199) Wild Potato Vine Ipomoea pandurata N 200) Hedge-bindweed Calystegia sepium N 201) Dodder, Love Vine Cuscuta gronovii N Phlox – Polemoniaceae 202) Blue Phlox Phlox divaricata N 203) Jacob's Ladder, Greek Valerian Polemonium reptans N Waterleaf – Hydrophyllaceae 204) Appendaged Waterleaf Hydrophyllum appendiculatum N 205) Hairy Waterleaf Hydrophyllum macrophyllum Planted 206) Purple Phacelia Phacelia bipinnatifida N

Indian Pink

Purple Phacelia

6.

Waterleaf – Hydrophyllaceae (cont.) 207) Field Phacelia Phacelia dubia N 208) Fringed Phacelia, Miami Mist Phacelia purshii N 209) Baby Blue Eyes Nemophila aphylla N Borage – Boraginanaceae 210) Virginia Bluebells Mertensia virginica N 211) Forget-me-not, Scorpion Grass Myosotis macrosperma N 212) Spring Forget-me-not Myosotis verna N, Br/Hf 213) Wild Comfrey Cynoglossum virginianum N Vervain – Verbenaceae 214) Blue Vervain Verbena hastata N 215) White Vervain Verbena urticifolia N 216) Narrow-leaved Vervain Verbena simplex N 217) Lopseed Phryma leptostachya N

218) Fogfruit Phyla lanceolata N 219) Spatulate Fogfruit Phyla nodiflora N Mint – Lamiaceae (Labiatae) 220) Wood Sage, American Germander Teucrium canadense N

221) False Pennyroyal Isanthus brachiatus N 222) Hairy Skullcap Scutellaria elliptica var. hirsuta N 223) Skullcap, Mad-Dog Skullcap Scutellaria lateriflora N 224) American Pennyroyal Hedeoma pulegioides N 225) Field Mint, Beefsteak Plant Perilla frutescens (Mentha longifolia) Eu, As 226) Spearmint Mentha spicata Eu 227) Peppermint Mentha piperita Eu 228) Northern Horse Balm, Citronella Collinsonia canadensis N 229) Yellow Giant Hyssop Agastache nepetoides N 230) Ground Ivy Glechoma hederaceae Eu, As 231) Henbit Lamium amplexicaule Eu, As 232) Red (Purple) Dead Nettle Lamium purpureum Eu, As 233) Lyre-leaf Sage Salvia lyrata N 234) Heal All, Selfheal Prunella vulgaris Eu 235) White Bergamot Monarda clinopodia N 236) Wild Bergamot Monarda fistulosa N 237) Eastern Bergamot Monarda bradburiana N, Br/Hf 238) Downy Woodmint Blephilia ciliata N 239) Hairy Woodmint Blephilia hirsuta N 240) Loomis’ Mountain Mint Pycnanthemum loomisii N, Br/Hf

Plantain – Plantaginaceae

241) Common Plantain Plantago major Eu, As 242) English Plantain Plantago lanceolata Eu, As 243) Blackseed Plantain Plantago rugellii N, Br/Hf

Virginia Bluebells

7.

Figwort – Scrophulariaceae 244) Figwort Scrophularia marilandica N 245) Monkey Flower Mimulus alatus N 246) Moth-mullein Verbascum blattaria Eu 247) Common Mullein Verbascum thapsus Eu 248) Yellow False Foxglove Aureolaria flava N 249) Wood Betony, Lousewort Pedicularis canadensis N 250) Slender Gerardia Agalinis tenuifolia N 251) Bird’s-eye Speedwell Veronica persica As 252) Thyme-leaf Speedwell Veronica serpyllifolia Eu 253) Ivy-leaf Speedwell Veronica hederifolia Eu 254) Corn Speedwell Veronica arvensis Eu, As, Br/Hf 255) White, Foxglove Beardtongue Penstemon digitalis N 256) Smooth Eastern Beardtongue Penstemon laevigatus N

Broom-rape –- Orobanchaceae

257) Beechdrops Epifagus virginiana N 258) Squawroot Conopholis americanus N

Acanthus – Acanthaceae

259) Wild Petunia, Ruellia Ruellia humilis N 260) Hairy Ruellia, Carolina Wild Petunia Ruellia caroliniensis N 261) Dicliptera, Branched Foldwing Dicliptera brachiata N

Bellflower – Campanulaceae 262) Tall Bellflower Campanula americana N 263) Great Blue Lobelia Lobelia siphilitica N 264) Cardinal Flower Lobelia cardinalis N 265) Indian Tobacco Lobelia inflata N

Madder, Bedstraw – Rubiaceae

266) Blue Field Madder Sherardia arvensis Eu 267) Wild Licorice Galium circaezans N 268) Rough Bedstraw Galium asprellum NAm 269) Fragrant Bedstraw Galium triflorum N 270) Cleavers Galium aparine N 271) Piedmont Bedstraw Galium pedemontanum Eu, Br/Hf 272) Buttonweed Diodia virginiana N 273) Large, Summer Bluet Houstonia (Hedyotis) purpurea N 274) Least Bluet Houstonia (Hedyotis) pusilla N

Valerian – Valerianaceae 275) Corn Salad Valerianella umbilicata N 276) Lewiston Corn Salad Valerianella locusta Eu, Br/Hf Teasel – Dipsacaceae

277) Teasel Dipsacus fullonum (sylvestrus) Eu

Bird’s-eye Speedwell

Summer Bluet

8.