i n t e g r i t y - s e r v i c e - e x c e l l e n c e cfi / esp roadshow, apalachicola may 28,...

I n t e g r i t y - S e r v i c e - E x c e l l e n c e

CFI / ESP RoadShow, Apalachicola May 28, 2005

Southeast Air Defense SectorSoutheast Air Defense Sector


Operations DirectorateOperations Directorate

Tyndall AFB FloridaTyndall AFB Florida

Dave VanBlaricom

Airspace Division

28 May 2005


Overview

• NORAD Mission

• Title 14, CFR Part 91 - Temporary Flight Restrictions (TFRs)

• Title 14, CFR Part 99 - Air Defense Identification Zone (ADIZ) Operations

• ICAO Annex 2 / AIM Chapter 5 - Interception Procedures

• Review


WADS (Sector)McChord AFBWADS (Sector)McChord AFB

SEADS (Sector)Tyndall AFBSEADS (Sector)Tyndall AFB

Continental US NORAD Region (CONR)Continental US NORAD Region (CONR)Tyndall AFBTyndall AFB

Continental US NORAD Region (CONR)Continental US NORAD Region (CONR)Tyndall AFBTyndall AFB

NEADS (Sector)Rome NYNEADS (Sector)Rome NY

Assets and ForcesCommand & Control


ANRANR

CANRCANR

CONRCONRCONRCONR

NORAD Regions

NORADNORADCheyenne MtnCheyenne MtnNORADNORADCheyenne MtnCheyenne Mtn


NORAD MissionThe NORAD Agreement

• “…the primary missions of NORAD… aerospace warning for North America; and aerospace control for North America.

• … [to] include the capability to detect, identify, monitor, and if necessary, take appropriate actions (ranging from visual identification to destruction) against manned or unmanned air-breathing vehicles approaching North America.”

• “…the primary missions of NORAD… aerospace warning for North America; and aerospace control for North America.

• … [to] include the capability to detect, identify, monitor, and if necessary, take appropriate actions (ranging from visual identification to destruction) against manned or unmanned air-breathing vehicles approaching North America.”


COLD WAR THREATS

TRADITIONALDETERABLE

TODAY’S THREATS

COMPLEXLESS DETERABLE

North America’s ThreatsContinuously Evolving


• NORAD CONR sensors/fighters postured “outward” against airborne threats … no monitoring of interior flights … IAW US law and mission direction

• No immediate threats apparent to CONUS

• Airline hijackings were a law enforcement issue … the responsibility of FAA

• DoD assistance to FAA (through NORAD) required SECDEF approval (CJCSI 3610.01)

• NORAD CONR sensors/fighters postured “outward” against airborne threats … no monitoring of interior flights … IAW US law and mission direction

• No immediate threats apparent to CONUS

• Airline hijackings were a law enforcement issue … the responsibility of FAA

• DoD assistance to FAA (through NORAD) required SECDEF approval (CJCSI 3610.01)

CONUS POSTUREPre 9-11


7 Alert Sites – 14 Alert Aircraft

CONUS POSTURE0800 EST, 11 Sep 01


60+ Sites … 400+ Aircraft … Ships (Carriers, Aegis, DD)60+ Sites … 400+ Aircraft … Ships (Carriers, Aegis, DD)

CONUS POSTURE18 Hours Later


FIGHTERFIGHTERFIGHTERFIGHTER TANKER TANKER TANKER TANKER

Current PostureRepresents Typical Current Forces


• JOINT SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM

• ARSR 4 Radars

• Search Range 250nm

• IFF Range 235nm (2/3/3c/4)

SENSORSJSS/ARSR 4


AerostatAerostat

Added Internal RadarsAdded Internal Radars

ARSRARSR

IMPROVING C2

Air Surveillance Radar Systems


JSS GATR SITE

ADDED INTERIOR SITE

ADDED TEMP SITE

JSS GATR SITE

ADDED INTERIOR SITE

ADDED TEMP SITE

IMPROVING C2

Ground-to-Air & Air-to-Ground Communications


•TFR Violations •ADIZ Violations • Threat to High Value Asset• FAA Request for Assistance• Airline Request for Assistance• CBP Request (Suspect) AIR SOVEREIGNTY

•TFR Violations •ADIZ Violations • Threat to High Value Asset• FAA Request for Assistance• Airline Request for Assistance• CBP Request (Suspect) AIR SOVEREIGNTY

Air Defense Scrambles / CAP DivertsWhy Do We Scramble?


TFRs Involving & Air DefenseEvents Typically Have Prior News Coverage

91.139 – Emergency Air Traffic Rules91.141 – Presidential and Other Parties91.143 – Proximity of Space Flight Operations99.7 – Security of Air Traffic - Defense Area

99.7FDC NOTAM 3/1862

91.141

91.143 & 99.7

Washington ADIZWashington ADIZ91.139 / 99.7


Operation Noble Eagle40,000 Plus Sorties17,000 Plus Intercepts

Operation Noble Eagle40,000 Plus Sorties17,000 Plus Intercepts

CONUS Activity Since 9/11Sep 2001 – Jan 2005


Continental United States640 Tracks - Unknowns (“Unknown Rider”) - TFR Violators - FAA Request for Assistance - Suspect Tracks

Resulted in 377 Scrambles

Continental United States640 Tracks - Unknowns (“Unknown Rider”) - TFR Violators - FAA Request for Assistance - Suspect Tracks

Resulted in 377 Scrambles

CONUS ActivitySep 2004 – Jan 2005

Est - 4.5 Million Dollars


TFR Incursions / ViolationsOct 1st 2001 – Mar 31st 2005

13

64

98

40

83

131

109

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Oct 01-Mar02

Apr 02-Sep02

Oct02-Mar03Apr03-Sep03Oct03-Mar04Apr04-Sep04Oct04-Mar05

TFR Violations

6 Month Increments / Southeast AOR

Since Sept 11, 2001


Southeast Sector TFR ViolationsSep 2004 – Jan 2005

103 TFR ViolatorsShort Notice TFRs President’s Schedule Presidential Visits for Disaster Relief Social Security Reform BriefingsNational Special Security Events

Typical Pilot InterceptedVFR / Squawking 1200 or PrimaryLocal Area FlightCommonality - No Flight Planning

Mission Planning - Fly Informed


1. 91.139 – Emergency Air Traffic Rules2. 91.141 – Proximity of the President and other Parties3. 91.143 – Proximity of Space Flight Operations

TFRs Involving Air Defense Operations Title 14, CFR Part 91 – Temporary Flight Restrictions

91.13991.141

91.143

Inner Segment - Very Restrictive - Air Defense Fighters - Law Enforcement Aircraft - Aircraft in direct support

Outer Segment - Less Restrictive - In contact with ATC - Squawking Assigned M3 - Flight Plan / Flight Following - Similar to Class B Airspace

Review NOTAMs - Each NOTAM differs slightly - Check NOTAMS - Fly Informed


A. 10 NMR is Prohibited Except for:(Para A – part 1)Law EnforcementMilitary Aircraft (Direct Support)United States Secret ServiceOffice of the PresidentEmergency Medical FlightsEnd Part 1 of 4

1. FDC NOTAM number: 5/19552. Number of parts: 1 of 43. Location: Orlando4. Date: March 18th

5. TFR type: 91.141 (Presidential)

1. Flight Operations Prohibited2. 30 NMR TFR, SFC – 17,9993. Coordinates / ORL Radial DME4. Date/Time: 18th, 1205L-1545LInner Segment Defined:1. 10 NMR / SFC – 17,9992. Coordinates / ORL Radial DME3. Date/ Time: 18th 1205L – 1545L4. Exception / ATC Authorization

5/1955 - PART 1 OF 4 FLIGHT RESTRICTIONS ORLANDO, FLORIDA, MARCH 18, 2005 LOCAL. PURSUANT TO TITLE 14, SECTION 91.141, OF THE CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS (CFR), AIRCRAFT FLIGHT OPERATIONS ARE PROHIBITED: WITHIN 30 NMR UP TO BUT NOT INCLUDING FL180 OF 282850N/0811952W OR THE ORL177003.7 FROM 0503181705 (1205 LOCAL 03/18/05) UNTIL 0503182045 (1545 LOCAL 03/18/05). WITHIN 10 NMR UP TO BUT NOT INCLUDING FL180 OF 282850N/0811952W OR THE ORL177003.7 FROM 0503181705 (1205 LOCAL 03/18/05) UNTIL 0503182045 (1545 LOCAL 03/18/05). EXCEPT AS SPECIFIED BELOW AND/OR UNLESS AUTHORIZED BY ATC: A. ALL AIRCRAFT OPERATIONS WITHIN A 10 NMR AREA LISTED ABOVE ARE PROHIBITED EXCEPT FOR: 1. LAW ENFORCEMENT, MILITARY AIRCRAFT DIRECTLY SUPPORTING THE UNITED STATES SECRET SERVICE (USSS) AND THE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES, EMERGENCY MEDICAL FLIGHTS, END PART 1 OF 4 WIE UNTIL UFN


?


A. 10 NMR is Prohibited Except for:(Para A – part 1 **continued**)Scheduled Commercial under TSA approved Standard Security Prog.“AOSSP / DSIP / TFSSP / TFSSP”Arr/Dep 139 Airports

Airspace between 10NMR & 30NMR:(Para B – part 1)1. All Aircraft2. Active IFR or VFR flight plan3. Assigned ATC Discrete Code4. Squawking the Discrete CodeEnd Part 2 of 4

A. 10 NMR is Prohibited Except for:(Para A – part 2)Medical Flights – Prior coordination

to avoid delays.

5/1955 - PART 2 OF 4 FLIGHT RESTRICTIONS ORLANDO, FLORIDA, MARCH 18, 2005 LOCAL. AND REGULARLY SCHEDULED COMMERCIAL PASSENGER AND ALL-CARGO CARRIERS OPERATING UNDER ONE OF THE FOLLOWING TSA-APPROVED STANDARD SECURITY PROGRAMS/PROCEDURES: AIRCRAFT OPERATOR STANDARD SECURITY PROGRAM (AOSSP), DOMESTIC SECURITY INTEGRATION PROGRAM (DSIP), TWELVE FIVE STANDARD SECURITY PROGRAM (TFSSP), OR ALL-CARGO INTERNATIONAL SECURITY PROCEDURE (ACISP) AND ARE ARRIVING INTO AND/OR DEPARTING FROM 14 CFR PART 139 AIRPORTS. 2. FOR OPERATIONS WITHIN THE TFR, ALL MEDICAL FLIGHT OPERATION COMPANIES SHALL COORDINATE OPERATIONS IN ADVANCE WITH THE USSS AT 407-852-7553 TO AVOID POTENTIAL DELAYS. B. WITHIN THE AIRSPACE BETWEEN 10 NMR AND 30 NMR LISTED ABOVE: 1. ALL AIRCRAFT ENTERING OR EXITING THE 30 NMR TFR SHALL BE ON AN ACTIVE IFR OR VFR FLIGHT PLAN WITH A DISCRETE CODE ASSIGNED BY AN ATC FACILITY. AIRCRAFT SHALL BE SQUAWKING THE DISCRETE CODE PRIOR TO DEPARTURE AND AT ALL TIMES WHILE END PART 2 OF 4 WIE UNTIL UFN


Airspace between 10NMR & 30NMR:(Para B – part 2)Two-way Radio Communications w/ ATCAirspace between 10NMR & 30NMR:(Para B – part 3)Arriving/Departing Local AirfieldsATC may authorize transit operationsAircraft may not loiterAirspace between 10NMR & 30NMR:(Para B – part 4)Flight trainingPractice instrument approachesAerobatic flightGlider operationsParachute operationsUltralightHang GlidingBalloonAgriculture/Crop dustingAnimal population control Banner towing

- Not Authorized - Airspace between 10NMR & 30NMR:(Para B – part 5)USSS cleared A/C – Notify USSS before dep

5/1955 - PART 3 OF 4 FLIGHT RESTRICTIONS ORLANDO, FLORIDA, MARCH 18, 2005 LOCAL. IN THE TFR. 2. ALL AIRCRAFT ENTERING OR EXITING THE 30 NMR TFR MUST REMAIN IN TWO-WAY RADIO COMMUNICATIONS WITH ATC. 3. ALL AIRCRAFT OPERATING WITHIN THE 10 NMR TO 30 NMR TFR AND OPERATING AT ALTITUDES OF UP TO BUT NOT INCLUDING FL180 ARE LIMITED TO AIRCRAFT ARRIVING OR DEPARTING LOCAL AIRFIELDS AND ATC MAY AUTHORIZE TRANSIT OPERATIONS. AIRCRAFT MAY NOT LOITER. 4. FLIGHT TRAINING, PRACTICE INSTRUMENT APPROACHES, AEROBATIC FLIGHT, GLIDER OPERATIONS, PARACHUTE OPERATIONS, ULTRALIGHT, HANG GLIDING, BALLOON, AGRICULTURE/CROP DUSTING, ANIMAL POPULATION CONTROL FLIGHT OPERATIONS, AND BANNER TOWING OPERATIONS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED. 5. ALL USSS CLEARED AIRCRAFT OPERATORS BASED IN THE AREA SHOULD NOTIFY THE USSS PRIOR TO THEIR DEPARTURE. END PART 3 OF 4 WIE UNTIL UFN


`

Airspace between 10NMR & 30NMR:(Para B – part 6) Medical Flights – Prior coordination to

avoid delays.

Recommendation:(Para C) All Aircraft Operators Check NOTAMS for Changes

5/1955 - PART 4 OF 4 FLIGHT RESTRICTIONS ORLANDO, FLORIDA, MARCH 18, 2005 LOCAL. 6. FOR OPERATIONS WITHIN THE TFR, ALL MEDICAL FLIGHT OPERATION COMPANIES SHALL COORDINATE OPERATIONS IN ADVANCE WITH THE USSS AT 407-852-7553 TO AVOID POTENTIAL DELAYS. C. IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT ALL AIRCRAFT OPERATORS CHECK NOTAMS FREQUENTLY FOR POSSIBLE REQUIRED CHANGES TO THIS TFR PRIOR TO OPERATIONS WITHIN THIS REGION. END PART 4 OF 4 WIE UNTIL UFN


Active IFR or VFR Flight PlanAssigned ATC Discrete CodeSquawking the Discrete Code2-way Radio CommunicationsArr / Dep Local AirfieldAircraft may not loiter

Flight trainingInstrument approachesAerobatic flightGlider operationsParachute operationsUltralightHang GlidingBalloonAgriculture/Crop dustingAnimal population control Banner towing

TFR - 3 hr 40 minTracks of interest: 11Intercepted A/C: 9Pilot Deviations: 8


TFR AvoidanceMission Planning – Fly Informed

https://www.notams.jcs.mil


TFR AvoidanceMission Planning – Fly Informed

Avoid TFRs by Mission Planning

Fly IFR or if flying VFR – use Flight Following

Numerous websites display current TFRs graphically

Contact ATC facility – query TFR status (TFR may be extended/cnxed)

FSS brief – Standard brief, includes current TFR NOTAMS Abbreviated brief – ask to include NOTAMS


1. File and activate flight plan - IAW CFR 99.112. Ensure transponder is operational - IAW CFR 99.123. Ensure two-way radio is functioning - IAW CFR 99.94. Provide position report – IAW CFR 99.19

(a) Report to aeronautical facility (US) before ADIZ penetration(b) No appropriate reporting point – report at least 15 minutes

before ADIZ penetration(c) Departure airport too close to ADIZ to comply with para

(a/b) – report immediately after takeoff – (*** obtain a code immediately prior to takeoff)

NOTE: -- Bahamian Islands – free direct dial for pilots (Customs Office at the Port of Entry/Exit Islands)-- Contact MIA FSS via freq at Bimini, Freeport, and Andros. -- Remain on freq until you have an assigned code.

ADIZ - Air Defense Operations Title 14, CFR 99 – Air Defense Identification Zone


Air Defense Identification Zone (ADIZ)

ADIZ

Southeast Sector 217 of 640 Tracks – 34%129 of 377 Scrambles – 34%

Southeast Sector 217 of 640 Tracks – 34%129 of 377 Scrambles – 34%

Southeast Sector ActivitySep 2004 – Jan 2005

Outer ADIZJAX – 090/361MIA – 090/48

PAM – 180/211


ADIZ

ADIZ

Bahamian CorridorSep 04 – Jan 05

Bahamian CorridorSep 04 – Jan 05

36% of SEADS UnknownsUnknowns - 40Scrambles - 13ID’ed via ATC - 37Intercepted - 03

36% of SEADS UnknownsUnknowns - 40Scrambles - 13ID’ed via ATC - 37Intercepted - 03

$260,000.00$260,000.00

Bahamian Corridor - “Unknown” ActivitySep 2004 – Jan 2005


Air Defense Identification “Zone” - ADIZReporting Requirement Timeline

FreeportMiami AIFSS – 126.9Miami Ctr – 134.2

BiminiMiami AIFSS – xmit 122.1 – rec 116.2 (vor)

15 min from ADIZ*** provide estimate for ADIZ *** obtain discrete transponder code

Speed100 kts – 25 nm140 kts – 35 nm180 kts – 45 nm

AndrosMiami AIFSS – 118.4Miami Ctr – 125.7/134.8

DIEMiami AIFSS – 126.7


- Unknown Rider Calls on GUARD (UHF 243.0 & VHF 121.5)- “Unknown Rider, Unknown Rider, (Position ref NAVID) with amplifying information (Heading, Alt, Speed, M3)” if able - NOTE: FDC NOTAM 4/4386 – Be familiar with intercept procedures and monitor guard, 121.5 — and it is regulatory.

- Is this me?- If a possibility that it’s you – answer the radio call (authenticate is N/A) - If it’s not you – Oakgrove will let you know- By identifying yourself you may prevent a scramble

- If it is you expect the following questions- Who you are – point of origin, destination, where filed, to be followed with course of action if any at all

- If intercepted- Fighter (F-16 only) may attempt to establish contact via radio on 121.5- Contact appropriate ATC facility immediately- Watch for ICAO visual signals, Annex 2, Rules of the Air- Immediate compliance with fighter aircraft instructions is mandatory

How can you help?Be Prepared


• Contact by 3nm• Lock by 1nm• Closure controlled inside 1nm• No closer than required for mission accomplishment• Fighters will deconflict with ATC• Min Distance = It Depends

• Contact by 3nm• Lock by 1nm• Closure controlled inside 1nm• No closer than required for mission accomplishment• Fighters will deconflict with ATC• Min Distance = It Depends

Fighter ProceduresOperations | ONE

What happens during an intercept?


In the Event of InterceptionICAO Annex 2 – Rules of the Air

Rocking Aircraft & Flashing Navigational Lighting – after acknowledgement, slow level turn to desired heading

Interceptedfollow me

Rocking Aircraft & Flashing Navigational Lighting – and Following

Abrupt break-away from intercept aircraft – climbing turnof 90 degrees w/o crossing line of flight of intercepted A/C

You mayproceed

Rocking the Aircraft

Lowering landing gear, showing steady landing lights and overflying runway in use

Land at thisaerodrome

Lowering landing gear, showing steady landing lights and following the intercepting aircraft – proceed to land

Understoodwill comply



Signals Initiated by Intercepting Aircraft

Intercepting A/C Intercepted A/C Meaning Meaning


In the Event of InterceptionICAO Annex 2 – Rules of the Air

Raising landing gear/flashing landing lights while passing over runway in use – continuing to circle runway in use

Aerodromedesignated isinadequate

If desired that intercepted A/C follow to alternate – Intercepting A/C raises its gear

Regular switching on and off of all available lights but in such a manner as to be distinct from flashing lights

Cannotcomply

Rocking the Aircraft

Irregular flashing of all available lights

In distressSeries 2 (You may proceed) signals prescribed for intercepting aircraft

Understoodfollow me

Understood

Understood

Signals Initiated by Intercepted Aircraft

Intercepted A/C Intercepting A/C Meaning Meaning

If decide to release intercepted A/C – Intercepting A/C uses Series 2 signals (You may proceed)

Understoodyou mayproceed


ReviewThings to Remember

- NORAD mission

- Temporary Flight Restrictions- Always check your NOTAMS, use websites- Use flight following if VFR

- ADIZ Operations- Obtain a discrete transponder code from ATC- Position report 15 minutes prior to entering the ADIZ

- Know Interception Procedures- Monitor Emergency Freq VHF 121.5- Intercept quick reference guide

- Thank You for following the procedures


Every pilot plays an important role!!!

Contact Info:SEADS/DOSAttn: David VanBlaricom650 Florida Ave, Stop 73Tyndall AFB FL. [email protected]

i n t e g r i t y - s e r v i c e - e x c e l l e n c e cfi / esp roadshow, apalachicola may 28,...

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