I LOVE INDONESIAN FOREST: HOWTO MANAGE SUSTAINABLETO MANAGE SUSTAINABLE

PLANTATION FORESTRY IN ASEAN?

Herman HidayatVisiting Research FellowVisiting Research Fellow

Center for Southeast Asian StudiesKyoto UniversityKyoto University

The Topic to be Discussed:The Topic to be Discussed:

1 ASEAN Countries are the major Producers of1. ASEAN Countries are the major Producers of Paper Material.

2. Tropical Rainforest is The Common Property of The Whole World.

3. Major Forest in Indonesia is “Production Forest”Forest .

4. Plantation Forestry Provides Materials for Pulp4. Plantation Forestry Provides Materials for Pulp and Paper.

5. People need Paper and Plantation forestry.

The Topic to be Discussed (cont.):The Topic to be Discussed (cont.):

6 Japan is the Major Promoter of Forest6. Japan is the Major Promoter of Forest Plantation in ASEAN and in the World.

7. Japan Produces Paper in Over The World.

8. Academic & NGOs Severely CriticizePlantation Forestry.

9. We Can Achieve Sustainable Plantation Forestry.Forestry.

10. You Can Contribute to Achieve Sustainable Plantation Forestry.

1. ASEAN Countries are the major Producers of Paper MaterialProducers of Paper Material

1.ASEAN Countries are the Major Producers of Paper MaterialProducers of Paper Material.

The Forestry products is one of the commodity included in the Economiccommodity included in the Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) between Japan and Indonesia Malaysia ThailandJapan and Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand and Philippines.Th t t l f f t i ASEAN t iThe total area of forest in ASEAN countries are 193.ml. ha.Four Largest countries are;

1. Indonesia : 115.213 ml. ha2. Myanmar : 29.088 ml. ha3 Malaysia : 17 472 ml ha3. Malaysia : 17.472 ml. ha 4. Thailand : 16.423 ml. ha

2.Tropical Rainforest is The Common Property of The Whole World.

1. Rich in biodiversity: trees, herbs and animals.2 Produces timber and non-timber (rattan fruits2. Produces timber and non-timber (rattan, fruits,

medicinal plants, various animals.3 Complex nature and close inter relationships3. Complex nature and close inter-relationships

among all biota (plants + animals + micro-organism) living within one siteorganism) living within one site.

4. The great life-span and ‘age’ of the organism i l d (t 30 150 ti l h t)involved (trees 30-150 years, tigers, elephant).

5. Local people live in and around forest area.

Tropical Rainforest

Brown MonkeyLeuser,

National Park, N. Sumatra

Brown Monkey, National Park

Natural Forest Produces Timber and Non-Timber

It produces of rattanIt produces of rattan, fruits, medicinal plants, etc.p

Kutai NationalKutai National Park Sangkimah, Kayu Ulin, 2008.Kayu Ulin, 2008.

Merbau (Intsia Beluga), Great Hornbill( g ),from Papua

Great Hornbill (Female) from Borneo

Grey Honrbilly

Trees in Rainforest

Shorea (Meranti), in Tengkawang, in Kalimantan Kalimantan

3.Major Forest in Indonesia is “P d ti F t”“Production Forest”

Production Forest: 59 ML. haIts allocation for: Reforestation with local trees (Ulin, Meranti, Merbau, Agathis, Tengkawang, etc.). These trees provides for plywood, sawn ) p p y ,timber industries, etc.Its allocation for Plantation Forestry area (6 mlIts allocation for Plantation Forestry area (6 ml ha) with fast growing trees (Acasia Mangium, Eucalyptus etc ) These trees provide for PulpEucalyptus, etc.). These trees provide for Pulp and Paper Industries.

4.Plantation Forestry Provides Materials for Pulp and Paper

1. Planted by people (Man made forest)2 Provides material (timber) for pulp and paper2. Provides material (timber) for pulp and paper

industry3 U if it f t (E l t A i t )3. Uniformity of trees (Eucalyptus, Acasia, etc.)4. Mostly planted in the tropics (because of

climate, temperature, solar radiation, cost management etcmanagement, etc.

5. Fast growing trees (Economically benefit)

PLANTATION FORESTRY

Eucalyptus GaliciaEucalyptus Sideroxylon

5 People need Paper and Plantation forestry5. People need Paper and Plantation forestry

1. For Education

2. For Business

3. For Civilization

Paper Consumption per Capita (kg)Paper Consumption per Capita (kg)

Countries 1989 2000

USA 317 8 612 3USASwedish

317.8312.3

612.3609.8

JapanGermany

204.5203.7

598.3589.7Germany

BritishIndonesia

203.7163.5

5 0

589.7297.948 9Indonesia 5.0 48.9

6. Japan is the Major Promoter of Forest Plantation in ASEAN and in the World.

Japan afforestation areas reached 571 000 ha in overseas (Asean Latin571,000 ha in overseas (Asean, Latin America, Australia, New Zealand, etc.).Indonesia carried out “plantation forestry” reached 5-6 ml. ha in 2006-2007.Thailand also reached 1.8-2.2 ml. ha in 2006 20072006-2007.

7. Japan Produces Paper in Over The W ldWorld

Oji Paper and Its Branches overseas

8.Academic & NGOs Severely CriticizePlantation Forestry.

1. Society: Land dispute between local people and private companiesp p

2. Ecological problems: Land degradation, soil erosion, flood, drought, loss of bio-diversityerosion, flood, drought, loss of bio diversity

9.We Can Achieve Sustainable Plantation F tForestry

Three elements must be realized on ‘sustainable plantation forestry’:

1. Economics: how stakeholders (govt., private (g , psector, academics, NGOs, local people) cooperate to boost production, technical p p ,innovation (seedling), soft loan, subsidiary, training manpower, etc.g p ,

2. Social: to reduce land dispute, participation, rule network benefit sharing etcrule, network, benefit sharing, etc.

3. Ecological: creative innovation to protect bio-diversity ecosystem soil quality waterdiversity, ecosystem, soil quality, water catchment, to reduce flood, soil erosion, etc.

10.You Can Contribute to Achieve Sustainable Plantation Forestry

Sl “G P ” i iSlogan program “Green Paper” campaign is very significant:

1. Save paper consumption (efficiently in using paper)using paper)

2 To pay attention “paper production2. To pay attention paper production process” (Paper companies) whether they use timber (raw materials) from illegaluse timber (raw materials) from illegal logging activities or legal logging (from plantation forestry).p y)