TRUONG f)~I HOC DUQC HA. NOI Nam hoc 2015-2016

BO MON HOA D.:\I CUONG- VO CO

DE THI CHQN DOl TUYEN OLYMPIC - HOA D.:\I CUONG- VO CO

Tho; gian lam bai: 90 phut I Khong dU'Q'c tham khao tal Ii~u

Cau 1 (2,5 di~m)1) Ham song Is cua nguyen tti H nhu sau:

1 -r\l'ls = --eaoJTT:a~

r la khoang each tinh tir hat nhan, ao la ban kinh Borh. H6i:a) M~t dQ xac sufit co m~t electron (y vi trl nao la IOn nhat?b) Xac sufit phat hien electron (y khoang each nao la IOn nhfit (xac sufit thee ban kfnh).2) 0 nhiet dQ dt cao, nguyen tir oxy co thS b] ion hoa va t6n tai duoi dang ion 07+. Dua VaGcong thirctinh nang hrong electron cua Bohr: En = -13,6 Z2/n2 (eV), hay tinh bircc song cua birc xa phat ra khielectron trong ion 07+ djch chuyen tir mire nang hrong co n = 3 v~ mire nang hrong co n = 1.3) Sti dung cong thirc tinh nang hrong AO cua Slater, hay so sanh nang hrong cua ion Fe2+ (Z = 26)voi cac c§.u hlnh electron sau:a) 1s22s22p63s23p63d6

b) 1s22s22p63s23p63d44s2TiTk€t qua thu diroc hay cho biet khi nguyen tti Fe b] ion hoa thanh Fe2+ se co cfiu hinh ion nao?

Cau 2 (1,5 di~m)1) Giai thich cfiu tao phan tu CO dira tren thuyet VB.2) Vi€t cong thirc cfiu tao Lewis, dua VaGthuyet dAy cac c~p electron hoa trj va lai hoa orbital d~ suyra dang hinh hoc cua cac phan tu va ion sau: N02, N02+, N02-.

Cau 3 (1,0 di~m)Tinh ~s cua phan irng Cd + 2AgCI ---.CdCIz + 2Ag di€n ra trong pin co sue di~n d9ng E = O,6753V. Cho nhiethinh thanh chudn cua CdCh va AgCl nrong irng bang -389158 llmol; -126654 llmol; P = I atm; T = 298K.

Cau 4 (2,0 di~m)1) MQt pin co du tao nhir sau (y 25°C:

Zn(r) I Zn2+(aq) 1,0 M II Cu2+(aq) 1,0 M I Cu(r)Cho biet EO(Cu2+/Cu) = 0,34 V; EO(Zn+/Zn) = -0,76V.a) Hay xac dinh sire di~n dQng cua pinb) N€u them Na2S VaG dung dich Cu2+ cho d€n khi nong dQ S2- can bang la 0,1 M thl sire dien dQngcua pin co gia tr] bang bao nhieu?2) MQt dung dich acid chira ion Fe2+O,IM, ti€p xuc voi khong khi (20% 02 va 80% N2 theo th~ tich)(y 25°C. Chung minh rang Fe2+ bj oxi khong khi oxi hoa, biet r~ng khi can bang nong dQ H+ bang0, 1M. H6i co bao nhieu phan tram Fe2+ khong b] oxi khong khi oxi hoa khi (y trang thai can bang? Coiap su§.t khong khi bang 1 atm. Cho bi€t EO (021H20) = 1,23V; P (Fe3+/Fe2+) = O,77V.

Cau 5 (1,0 di~m)..,.--, , , ,Ap suat hoi cua mrcc (y 80°C bang 355,1 mmHg. Xac dinh ap suat hoi cua dung dich KCI3,73% neudQ phan Iy bi~u kien cua KCI bang 0,787.

Cau 6 (2,0 di~m)Gia sir co dung dich mroc cua C02 duci ap su§.t C02 la 1 atm.a) Tinh pH cua dung dich do.b) Hoa tan da voi CaC03 VaGdung djch do cho d€n bao hoa cling duci ap sufit C02 la 1 atm. Tinh pHcua dung djch va dQ hoa tan cua CaC03.Cho bi~t pKI, pK2 cua acid carbonic la 6,4 va 10,2; p'Ti (CaC03) = 8,3 va nong dQ C02 trong dungdich [C02] = kl'co, voi k = 0,024 mol.atm'.

cac h~ng86 va cong thLPC cAn thi~t

S6 Avogadro:Phuong trlnh khi 1'1nrong: PV= nRT

Hang s6 khi: R= 8.314 JK1'mol-1

0.08205 atm·LK1·mor1Nang IUQ'ngcua photon:

Hang s6 Faraday: F = 96485 C·morlNang hrong nr doGibbs: G = H- TS

HAng s6 Planck: h = 6.6261xlO-34J'5 I'lH= I'lE+ I'lnRT

V~n t6c anh sang: c = 3.000x108 m-s? Phuong trinh Faraday: Q = it

Kh6ng 09 C: 273.15 K Phuong trinl1Krrhenius: k = Ae-Ea/RT

1 N = 1 kg m s-~ 1 eV = 1.602x10·19 J

1 atm = 760 torr = 1.01325x 105 Pa

BANGTUANHOANCACNGUY~NTOH6AHQC18-,-- ~

H 2 13 14 15 16 17 He1.008 4.003

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10Li Be B C N 0 F N.

6.941 9.012 10.Bl 12.01 14.01 16.00 19.00 20.1811 12 13 14 15 16 17 lBNa Mg 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 AI Si P S CI At

22.99 24.31 26.9B 2B.09 30.97 32.07 35.45 39.9519 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 2B 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36K Ca So Ti V Cr Mn F. Co Ni Cu Zn Ga G. As Se Br Kr

39.10 40.08 44.96 47.B7 SO.94 52.00 54.94 55.B5 58.93 58.69 63.55 65.38 69.72 72.64 74.92 78.96 79.90 B3.8O37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 4B 49 SO 51 52 53 54Rb Sr y 1.1 Nb Mo To Ru Rh Pd Ag ce In Sn Sb Te I x.

85.47 87.62 BB.91 91.22 92.91 95.96 [981 101.07 102.91 106.42 107.87 112.41 114.82 118.71 121.76 127.80 126.90 131.2955 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 7B 79 BO B1 B2 83 84 85 86Cs Ba La HI Ta W R. Os Ir PI Au Hg TI Pb Bi Po At Rn

132.91 137.33 138.91 178.49 180.95 183.84 186.21 190.23 192.22 195.0B 196.97 200.59 204.3B 207.2 208.98 (209) (210) (222)B7 88 89 104 105Fr R. Ac RI H.

(223) .226.0 (227) (261) (262)

58 59 60 61 62 63 84 65 66 67 68 69 70 71Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Oy Ho Er Tm Vb Lu

140.12 140.91 14~.24 (145) 150.36 -s-.ss 157.2·5 1·!:J.93· 152.SO 164.93 167.26 158.93 1-7~.O5 174.9!

90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk CI Es Fm Md No Lr

232.04 231.04 23B03 237.05 (244) (243) (247) (247) (251) (254) (257) (256) (254) (257)

I I 1'\-. " .,

&rf AN l)E 1111 tHON tf}o( T()Y~ OL'IM PIc ~~lb - 2..0(1,

~ t--tbt\l ttDA itA!' cddN&- - va cJ. ~ K.ot~'nt:

()qoo~32g5

r ao <. r <.foe:>p' o t- c op

It-;:; ( ••.~,,~ ~ a):~3q = A~ -f bxO)36 ~~g)f-b~ t*3d = U~19)tf= b,.{,D[3d::. -~3)6Jb~~5)~=-- Sg;03 -7 CE3d=- 6,((-5Q)03)= j54)19<~Vj (9

f: ~ vi ~ 1uilh ~),b"4~ :: I{O t ;f2 J( OJ~5+ 0) 3b- t: ~J 55 71*4-5 .: l6 - ~OI5!):: fi)4-6-E4S = - ,~)t (. 51 45)!L =- - R9/~1 CeV)+. 3) '1-) _ ~ _3d, ~ 19 -t ))(0/35 .: A9/)!J -) c3cl= .<.6--1Q10S--=- ~qJ

E3~ z, - I)}~ (61]2) 2- z; - f~1 9HeY)

t'1~t~hl ~ wa. 4 vev-lYvY) 30t vi: ~ ~lectr-oYi 43;U:4s t 4_Esd ~ .(x(-~0)51) + 4)«(- f.,{,qg)= -35,1 (eV).(2)

$0 £ct~ U)''cZ) ~ c.~ ~~ a) ~ t{ ,fM~,tMf Atk 7 ~·f~~ C)~. ~oi: +hct\'t~ f~~+ the' F.eR..-t s.l' d ~ ~~ Q.

/\. )

~ ~(~)S ttim)CWt~.1 (0) t5cttUn)

J(~~fhM tJ W ;r c g 1Y~n~ ~, ).cu. A~' ~p) r1orb,'fW- ~p ~Ov -1 ~ e. 1;t~)Con orb,W {.p J£uj 1, Mo.. .(~ a& "lila., ¥ fo.-o ft 0 vdv 0( b,'tal P1 clJJ,

CJxi C &ui().. ~L ctut- #ulhi)' .- 0r b~-m£ py w4 c chJ~ ~t ~ #Van Xe,w pfu/ vi (jrbt'M Pi ~ (JyJ cPui~ .e. m ~ -7 -ttw J¥- 1r .- or ~-ht ~t ~ Cxt' Ju/a. 2.e- XefL, phJ va: OTb,1U Pt- w"4 ~ c ~,lt J[

~ ~ tM M Po -) Pc-6> ~ #wi S~~ e,w~ tc ii :(;~ 0:CM ct· a..( 0) 1-5 ctiem)

cr HH e:r l2.wis.N0ct- /N~

o 0

[0:= N-O Jt3 "N

/~o 0

"~ N11"-o {)

D~n~~~

~rU

~~

~~

~.

~ j (~~)

p~~ u4 tt; Jw ~ m; a) ~~ ~ ~ WYlj p~ ~ nSv:b H.:. .6 & t 1. 6~ z: - A YntV- t 1

I-) ~ =- .6.H of A mQx

:: [ A H-hKCd C(zJ - Z ~~t ( A'}Lt) J -t l. f r= - 3gg15~- ~(-~:Lb654) -f !Lx 0r6500'l. 0jE+S3::.. 5511) 1 lJ)

b-S z, q f T z; - 5S-11) 1(Q 9g = - 1~/5;1 CJ/K)

e;u4 (~~)@j.~(AcWm)<t) EpLh:: EOp~ _ eJ) 0 5<J ~ [hiuJ (9

IN [C« 2.+ ]

tfu' ~ tt J ::- [(ut+]:: A, b M -~ tpWt = e'p~ =- 1, A 0 (v)b) ~h' thErv Na.2~ viJJ old Cu~f elw ctih ~. [S.?-]cJ, =.o,A ry leu·'

~"tJ .; TGut<!. 1[(1~-1 c. Tc,(,{~/ :: -10. T (')o /O,A CU5

~ l1-) «o» CJ) -) £fll1 =-~),{O - e, 059 4 1> 0~ ti(? Tc«5

(Do c1t' Kil cho ~{ ~ T~~~ ~I/ cfu'? cith ctJa" to: biUt tiui cAAi..l)~ 4~ (~ctum)1:: 0 ~ I fIi 0 c, A) i~i 0) ~sg Jt to,~ ~ 0)1 ~ = ~ J -1.6 ( v)

;£ o~r~!tO '::- 4)A6" > EO fi.?>t/F.eC(-1 =- b) tf- V ~ ftlt-f ~·OXl·~UtrI

C)~J ~ ~ Ft3+

o t + 4t of 4- fl -+ ~ tJft 0fe,~+ -t .e ¢- 11.t+

03.. i 4K-t + 4Ft a.'f =' 4 F.t3-t t ~H~O (1)

4(~/2.B-q "1-t- ) 31 ~P~)(1) c}; K=;to CJ)O;-9 =- 110 )

Do t. r~ U ~ plli' (V em' hlW K~ ra ~Vlt ~

xit pIA n~~~·. 1FQ,~ft ~HQ,O =: 4ft~t -t O~+ 4Hf (~')

/(':: ~ - 1o-Yi/;& :: [ftl-iJ4. L~l~PO,2/ l~)

K 0 2.tJ «<; - [ft5 -t];- U- "l cj) [f .t+J T...IGr~t 1.. fci Ft ttu· <:(l,~ ~ ~ ~. t,b GO fu ::.-0,;1- 'X. =- s. Qt\ rJ16 Cf'; +rUt}- J C~-f] z; 0, 1. L1)

CcUt S- (d tc~)%" t'fYVIv Ktt: tv~Q -=-- 3)t3 ('t4) S-~ ) ~T/'O'tOt HtO

~r r J(76\1 vo\ K~; it =- ~ -t 0( =- 'I"" 0, 11' t =- 1) '1-<61-f~J =- X ctm-X. P 0d,rn- -= --.:g:::....=6..t...:::.!<-~:r.l-!{1~r;_______ ;(355; 1

q£J~-;rI;f~ f 1)1-~r·

- j 1-9 / 3 C mtn ~)

eMf (ot~)<t) (0, 5~) kht ~ Ja~ L(J~ uti)) nd: top,. ttHtO ~ H30i t HWS- (4) t!,

HWi i 2Hty ~ J-f~ott c4-' (9 1<2.-

K~"\C~ ~ tOt .JvJ ~~ ~- dJ aud yu:, JAm Jwf: .[If') 0"l I Kif. C v'0lJ G:: [WP-J z: k PCAJ:L:: ()l)CJ.. 4 'Mfft(w

-) PK :: ~ ( P K11 pt) ~ 4·

~&r~l..t,eN s: .: w ~ dich tr~ Ifu.~_ (4 W 3 + UJ B.., -t }(,t 0 . ~ Letz.-f + c2.J-tL-C3- l'.J)

"t LC09.] ~ ~ z: 0 O£4- H

~o~_fli ~,) _~, JA1 tnt' [P[tt} ~ 1) rnut vei ClCid) ~ =.[~wJ-] ~. (41u~~ ~ 1m ctdf!{; ~ ro; h{ ('J) j iJO 9W{ fiwf ~ (4); VI- v~ [C4 'J:: i[ffqJT~ uW ~0yti' ~fxZr) 1~ ct«.tt wf yr mu: . (] :l

k4:: [H~otJ[ tlw3J :: [tl301] [tlwi J (~)cu~ (fJ/01.4-

1(2- =- [+13 (ItJ [ C().t J (~)[tiUJg - J

TcAW3 - LCt!~tJ[cot J (})