I. I. Causes of the Slave TradeCauses of the Slave Trade::

1. 1. Encomienda systemEncomienda system---relied -relied

on Native Americans ason Native Americans as

labor but when smallpoxlabor but when smallpox

dramatically decreased NA dramatically decreased NA

population, European began population, European began

buying large numbers of African buying large numbers of African

to supply demand for laborto supply demand for labor

2. 2. PlantationsPlantations----large estateslarge estates-- --

made large work forcemade large work force

necessarynecessary

II. II. Triangular TradeTriangular Trade: : involved Europe, Africa, involved Europe, Africa, and the Americas and the Americas

IIIIII. . Middle PassageMiddle Passage: voyage : voyage from Africa to the Americas from Africa to the Americas on slave shipson slave ships

““I was soon put down under the decks, and there I received I was soon put down under the decks, and there I received such a salutation [greeting] in my nostrils as I never experienced such a salutation [greeting] in my nostrils as I never experienced in my life; so that, with the loathsomeness of the stench, and in my life; so that, with the loathsomeness of the stench, and crying together, I became so sick and low that I was not able to crying together, I became so sick and low that I was not able to eat…but soon, to my grief, two of the white men offered my eat…but soon, to my grief, two of the white men offered my eatables [food]; and on my refusing to eatables [food]; and on my refusing to eat, one of them eat, one of them held me fast by held me fast by the hands , and laid me the hands , and laid me across…the railing, tied my feet, across…the railing, tied my feet, while the other while the other flogged [whipped] flogged [whipped] me severely.”me severely.”--Olaudah EquianoOlaudah Equiano, quoted in , quoted in Eyewitness: Eyewitness: The Negro in American History The Negro in American History

1. 1. ConditionsConditions::

a. Hundreds of Africans a. Hundreds of Africans

crammed on each shipcrammed on each ship

b. Millions of Africans diedb. Millions of Africans died

on the way from disease,on the way from disease,

suicide, brutal mistreatmentsuicide, brutal mistreatment

IV. IV. EffectsEffects ofof SlaveSlave TradeTrade::

1. By the 1800's, 1. By the 1800's, 11 million11 million

African slaves had beenAfrican slaves had been

sent to the Americassent to the Americas

2. 2. DiasporaDiaspora—forced—forced

migration (i.e., Africans migration (i.e., Africans

and Jews) and Jews)

3. Caused local wars in3. Caused local wars in

Africa Africa

4. West Africa lost many young4. West Africa lost many young men and women. men and women.

a. African societies werea. African societies were denied the talents denied the talents

of strong,of strong, intelligent youthintelligent youth

5. Some African societies 5. Some African societies

were wiped out completelywere wiped out completely

Notes:*Eve of Exploration*Explorer Map*Columbian Exchange and Global Trade*The First Global Age*Triangular Trade and Slavery

Study Guide:*Age of Exploration Vocabulary Sheet*Age of Exploration Test Review Sheet