HYDROPONIC

Khairul Aidil Azlin Abd Rahman Mohd Hafiz Talib Department of Industrial Design Faculty of Design & Architecture

CONTENT 1. WHAT IS HYDROPONIC? 2. HISTORY OF HYDROPONIC 3. THE SYSTEM 4. EXISTING DESIGN 5. DEKOPONIX – THE AGRO-AESTHETIC LIFESTYLE

What is hydroponics?

• The process of growing plants in sand, gravel, or liquid, with added nutrients but without soil.

History of hydroponics

• Hydroponics is derived from neologism, constructed in analogy to, geoponica, that which concerns agriculture, replacing earth, with water.

• The earliest published work on growing terrestrial plants without soil was the 1627 book Sylva Sylvarum by Francis Bacon.

• In 1699, John Woodward published his water culture experiments with spearmint. He found that plants in less-pure water sources grew better than plants in distilled water.

• By 1842, a list of nine elements believed to be essential for plant growth had been compiled, and the discoveries of German botanists Julius von Sachs and Wilhelm Knop, in the years 1859–1875, resulted in a development of the technique of soilless cultivation.

• In 1929, William Frederick Gericke of the University of California at Berkeley began publicly promoting that solution culture be used for agricultural crop production.

History of hydroponics

• In the 1960s, Allen Cooper of England developed the Nutrient film technique. The Land Pavilion at Walt Disney World's EPCOT Center opened in 1982 and prominently features a variety of hydroponic techniques.

• In recent decades, NASA has done extensive hydroponic research for its Controlled Ecological Life Support System (CELSS). Hydroponics intended to take place on Mars are using LED lighting to grow in a different color spectrum with much less heat.

• As of 2017, Canada had hundreds of acres of large-scale commercial hydroponic greenhouses, producing tomatoes, peppers and cucumbers.

History of hydroponics

History of hydroponics

The Land Pavilion at Walt Disney World's EPCOT Center Opened in 1982

Hydroponics existing system

• Drip system

The most commonly used hydroponics system is the drip system. Vital nutrients are added to a tank of water to create a nutrient reservoir which is kept separate from the plants. The water is then pumped up a network of tubes, and is released to the plants individually.

• Ebb And Flow System (Flood and drain system)

• Nutrient Film Technique (NFT)

NFTs are often used in commercial hydroponics, particularly for short harvest crops. The nutrient solution is pumped from the reservoir up into the grow tray in a continuous cycle. The growing chamber is built with the slightest downhill decline, allowing the solution to trickle from the top end of the tray to the bottom, where it is recycled back into the nutrient reservoir.

An ebb and flow system also makes use of a nutrient reservoir, keeping the water in a separate tank to the plants, which are placed in a grow tray above. A timer is set to periodically activate a pump which is kept in the nutrient reservoir.

• Aeroponics System

• Deep Water Culture (DWC)

Deep Water Culture (DWC) systems are by far the most simple method of hydroponics. They are often used in classrooms to provide a working example of a hydroponics system. The nutrient solution in this type of system is not circulated, it is essential to include an air stone to keep the water oxygenated.

The aeroponic system is the most technologically advanced of all the hydroponic systems. The plants are suspended in the air, as in the NFT system, with their roots hanging down below. The nutrient solution is then pumped up a tube, where a second higher pressure pump sprays the solution as a mist over the dangling roots.

• Aquaponics

In an aquaponic system, the fish are essentially living in the nutrient reservoir. Their excrement releases ammonia into the water, as does any uneaten food. Ammonia is toxic to fish, and if they remain in water filled with ammonia they will die; therefore, it must be removed to keep them healthy.

Is Hydroponic organic?

1. There is a long-standing debate as to whether soilless hydroponic systems can ever be completely organic. 2. For some growers, producing organic and natural crops from an indoor garden simply means avoiding the use of toxic chemicals such as synthetic pesticides, fungicides and sterilization agents. These types of growers choose to focus more on natural approaches while fully embracing hydroponic methods. 3. Traditional hydroponic nutrients are made from fertilizers such as calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, monopotassium phosphate, iron chelate and many others that, when dissolved into water, dissociate into ions ready for immediate uptake by plants. This is what allows for such rapid and balanced plant growth. 4. Calcium nitrate and many others used in traditional hydroponic systems are not considered organic, but synthetic or man-made, and are not part of an organic system. 5. Replacing highly effective and carefully calculated fertilizer salts with organic nutrient sources is not easy. Manufacturers of hydroponic fertilizer products go to great lengths to get the ideal parts per million of each nutrient ion in their products so plants grow as fast and balanced as possible. 6. Incorporated mediums use coconut fiber as a base because it is a natural material amended with a range of other substrates such as high-quality composts, vermicast (worm castings), perlite, bark, peat, vermiculite and even rice hulls. There are also organic growing mixes on the market specifically designed for hydroponic systems.

Lynette Morgan | January 30, 2014

Dr. Lynette Morgan holds a B. Hort. Tech. degree and a PhD in hydroponic

greenhouse production from Massey University, New Zealand. Lynette is a partner

with Suntec International Hydroponic Consultants and has authored several

hydroponic technical books. Visit suntec.co.nz for more information.

Source

Existing Design

Hydroponics in small packages

Hydroponics in garden farming

Hydroponics system design

Existing Patent

Robert F Rasmussen Tittle: Hydroponic Apparatus Publication date: 24/06/1969

Vincent P. Carl Tittle: Hydroponic growing apparatus Publication date: 12/06/1979

David L. Friesen Tittle: Drip-action hydroponic garden Publication date: 11/02/1979

John W. Blackford, Jr. Tittle: Hydroponic plant growing system and structure Publication date: 07/03/1995

Claude Lapointe & Pierre Pichette Tittle: Container for hydroponic culture and method for making same Publication date: 24/04/2001

Existing Patent In Malaysia

My Urban Growers - MUG4 (Vertical NFT System - custom design) RM5,000

My Urban Growers - MUG1 (Full A frame NFT System - 5ft onwards) RM4,000

Design and Build Services for Hydroponics RM1,500

My Urban Growers - MUG2 (Customized design NFT System - 5ft onwards) RM4,000

City Balcony Farm RM250 City farm green wall RM500

City window farm kit RM14

Hydroponics NFT144UV1

KHAIRUL AIDIL AZLIN ABD RAHMAN MOHD HAFIZ BIN TALIB

Dekoponix Sdn.Bhd

Hydroponic Rack

Design

TM

Where Our Foods Comes From ?

ISSUES

D E P E N D E N C Y O N E X T E R N A L S U P P L I E R S • CLOSE TO 80% OF FOOD IN MALAYSIA IS IMPORTED • OUR PRODUCTS ARE EXPORTED • PRICE CONTINUE TO RISE

B U R D E N O N M O T H E R N AT U R E

• HEAVY USE OF CHEMICAL

FERTILIZERS, PESTICIDES AND HERBICIDES CAUSE

POLLUTION AND SOIL DEGRADATION

80,000 Types of Pesticide

Source : Agro Malaysia 2014

C H I L D R E N D O N O T K N O W W H E R E T H E F O O D C O M E F R O M ? •NOT ENOUGH EDUCATION ON FOOD • YOUNGER GENERATION BECOMING LESS CONNECTED TO FOOD

PROBLEMS

Conceptual Framework

“Design thinking is all about upgrading within constraints.” In its simplest form, design thinking is a process—applicable to all walks of life—of creating new and innovative ideas and solving problems. Tim Brown, IDEO

Tim Brown and David Kelly IDEO Design Process

Design Thinking

Methodology

70 % T y p e o f h o u s e i n K U A L A L U M P U R

i s A p a r t m e n t a n d C o n d o m i n i u m

PPR Kerinchi – Low cost Apartment

• PPR Kerinchi – Limited space for gardening, low light, regulation etc

• Average of the salary are RM500 - RM 1500

• The increasing of the community are higher every years since 2006-2015

Medium and high cost apartment

Low cost apartment layout Not an Agriculture friendly

Balcony Gardening Corridor gardening

Reduce 40% living cost (Food cost) Source: MARDI 2015

Fresh and Organic Urban farming for

limited space

Compact and modular

Low maintenance Hydroponic with

Deep Water Culture system

Why Need

?

+ +

Supermarket or

Online shop

Can fit into small car

Bring to your home Safely

Carefuly Grown Good Quality

Grown Faster

Better For Environment

SYSTEM Purchasing behavior

Idea Development

Sketches & 3D CG

1st Prototype 2nd Prototype 3rd Prototype

Prototypes

Box

24Cups

Slot type tower structure

Cup holder

Hose and pipes

Water pump

Top structure

Components

Come with starter kits 1. Seeds 2. A and B media 3. Germination sponge

How it works?

PACKAGING ASSEMBLE PLANTING

EASY HANDLING

CAN FIT IN CAR BOOTS

Types of vegetables dan Herbs 1. Herbs – Basil, Mint, Pegaga, Oregano and etc 2. Vegetables – Salad, bok choi, spinach etc

below 20

13%

21-30 34% 31-40

17%

41 above 36%

Age Flat/Apar

tment 32%

Terrace 42%

Semi D 10%

Bunglow 16%

Type of home

Male 61%

Female 39%

Gender

N= 100

Product Validation

Competitive Matrix

DEKOPONIX PRODUCT A PRODUCT B PRODUCT C

MAJOR

FEATURE

SYSTEM / SIZE

• Compact and

modular • Ebb flow

• Modular • Fix structure

• No • Box only with

hole

• Too big • Bulky

PRICE RANGE

RM 700.00

RM 1300.00

RM 50.00

RM 2000.00

• Compact and modular • 24 Holes • Aesthatic value • 150cm x 500cm • Deep Water Culture

System

• Modular • Fix structure • Size 1800cm x 1000cm • 60 hole • Nutrient Film

Technique

• Box only with hole • Not Modular • 200cm x 200cm • Fertigation system

RM 700.00 RM 1200.00 RM 960.00

• Competitive Matrix

• Reka Bentuk Perindustrian

• MY-15-00441-0101

• Trademark

• 2016006426

• Patent - A COLLAPSIBLE VERTICAL HYDROPONICS ASSEMBLY

• PI 2017702104

Intellectual Property

TM

R

Achievements

1.Innohub Grant UPM : RM 95,000.00 2.SUPERBS – TERAJU : RM 500,000.00 3.PRPI : Silver Medal 4.Malaysian Technology Expo MTE 2017 – Gold Medal 5.Special Award From INNOPA Indonesia

Grant and Spin off Company

Publication and Award

TM

Dekoponix Rack

• Healthy organic food • Highly aesthetic • Low maintenance • Urban farming for limited space • Compact & modular • Nutrient flow technique

DEKOPONIX is an indoor hydroponic system that was designed to meet the needs and aspiration of urban lifestyle. The product is a modular system concept that can be assembled and disassembled easily by users. Contemporary design approach, with highly aesthetic appearance is the main design factor that makes the product can suit into any housing spaces or interiors.

TM

Prof. Dr. Hj. Khairul Aidil Azlin

Abd Rahman

Director/Researcher

InDustrial Design

Mohd Hafiz Bin Talib

CEO

InDustrial Design

THANK YOU

References

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroponics

• http://hidroponia.org.mx/hydroponic-history-in-the-making/

• http://hydroponicsgrower.org/introduction-to-different-types-of-hydroponics-systems/

• https://patents.google.com/?q=hydroponic

• https://cityfarm.my/

• http://malaysiahydroponics.com/services/design-and-build.html

• https://www.facebook.com/Joe-Jalil-DIY-Gardening-642008489169343/

• https://www.facebook.com/dekoponix/