Cumulonimbus clouds warn that a tropical storm is coming.(Source 1)

A hurricane is a huge spinning wind system that starts over warm seas.(source 1)

Heated air from the sun rises which makes very low pressure. When the warm air rises moisture is added onto it and makes huge thunder clouds. Cool air comes to fill its void but because of earths turning. The cool air is bent inward and then spirals in with great force. The huge circle can be1,200 ml. wide. (source 1)

The sea surface has to be at least 78 degrees Fahrenheit for a hurricane to form.(source 1). When the warm air from the sea condenses into clouds huge amounts of heat is released. (source 1) The mixture of heat and moisture is a thunderstorm which is the very start of a tropical storm. (source 1) An easterly wave, a band of low pressure moving westward, could trigger an Atlantic Hurricane. (source 1) Massive thunderstorms and high winds come together to make a cluster of thunderstorms which can be a seedling storms. (source 1)

o Tropical storm winds are about 39-73 mph(source 2)

o Category 1 hurricane winds are about 74-95 mph(source 2)

o Category 2 hurricane winds are about 96-110 mph(source 2)

o Category 3 hurricane winds travel about 111-130 mph(source 2)

o Category 4 hurricane winds are about 131-155 mph(source 2)

o Category 5 hurricane winds are about 156 mph and up. (source 2)

Huge waves can be driven to shore when the storm is about 110 miles out (Source 1).

The roar from the surf can be heard many miles inland (Source 1).

Hurricanes travel between 10-30 miles per hour (Source 1).

When hurricanes hit land, that’s where they make the most damage (Source 1).

Buildings can be lifted from their foundations and trees can be lifted from their roots (Source 1).

Typhoons and cyclones are the same exact thing as hurricanes but occur in different places and are named differently according to area (Source 1).

They all can spin faster than 75 mph (Source 1). Typhoons occur in the far east, Cyclones occur in

the Indian Ocean, and Hurricanes occur in the Atlantic Ocean (Source 1).

Typhoons that build up in the Western Pacific can destroy Japan and the Asian mainland (Source 1).

Cyclones that begin in the Indian Ocean can turn south toward east Africa (Source 1).

I chose hurricanes because they happen often and I don’t know a lot about them. Also, since I have never studied hurricanes, I took this opportunity to do it.

Hurricane is from the Carib God of Evil “Hurican”

Dineen, Jacqueline, “Natural Disasters, Hurricanes and Typhoons.” New York Gloucester Press (Source 1)

Hurricane Marketing March 7th, 2012 http://hurricanemarketing.info/ (Source 2)

National Oceanic and Atmosphere Administration. “U.S. Hurricanes” Find the Data 3-7-2012 http://us-hurricanes.findthedata.org

Which type of roof survives hurricane debris and water forces the best?

If I make one structure and alternate the roofs then the metal roof would survive the best because metal is very sturdy and heavy.

Materials: Hot glue gun Popsicle sticks 4 Metal pieces 1 big plastic piece 1 box cutter Food scale Duct Tape 1 big bowl Wood chips Water

1. Gather materials 2. Warm up hot glue gun3. Apply glue to make a structure4. Weigh the roofs5. Put wood chips into water to make mixture6. Measure the mixture 1 cup7. Place structure into shower8. Place roof onto the structure9. Take a before picture10. Begin to start the water11. Splash the mixture onto the structure12. Take an after picture13. Record results14. Repeat steps 5-12

THE WOOD ROOF (85g) SLID HALFWAY OFF OF THE STRUCTURE AFTER 1 THROW.

THE METAL ROOF (125g) SLID HALFWAY OFF OF THE STRUCTUR AFTER 2 THROWS.

THE PLASTIC ROOF (145g)SLID HALFWAY OFF OF THE STRUCTURE AFTER 2 THROWS.

Independent variable: the roofs. Dependant variable(s): amount of

damage. Controlling variables: amount of water,

structure and amount of debris.

My hypothesis was right, even though all three roofs began to move after being hit with debris two times. You would probably want to use plastic or metal for your house because even though they all fell off at about the same time, the wood roof sustained the most damage while the metal and plastic roofs were in the same condition after the experiment as they were before. You would also want to use a roof made out of heavy materials because the roofs that were heavier stayed on better.