HURRICANES

HURRICANESThe History, Structure, Development, and DestructionSource: http://www.dc.peachnet.edu/~pgore/students/w97/matheson/hpage.htmWhat is a hurricane?Violent cyclonic storm that develops in the tropical regionWind speeds are > 74 mph

Source: http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=680Rotation and PressureIn which direction does a hurricane rotate?COUNTERCLOCKWISE

Is the barometric pressure inside the hurricane high or low?LOW

When is Hurricane Season?June 1st throughNovember31st

What is the role of the National Weather Service during hurricane season?

Provides weather information, such as data from satellites

Responsible for issuing watches and warnings to the media and general publicWatch vs. WarningWhat is the difference between a Hurricane Watch and a Hurricane Warning?

Watch Tropical storm poses a threat to coastal areas with 36 hours

Warning - Tropical storm conditions are expected in a coastal area within 24 hoursWhat conditions must be present for a hurricane to develop?

Warm ocean temperatures (>80 F) up to 60m deepLittle to no wind shearLow pressure system at least 5 North or South of EquatorRotation caused by winds

Source: http://lwf.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/reports/fran/fran.htmlWhat is the major source of energy fueling a hurricane?Heat Energy evaporating from the ocean surface

Source: http://ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/(Gh)/guides/mtr/hyd/evap.rxmlHurricane Anatomy

Source: http://hurricanes.noaa.gov/prepare/structure.htmAnother look at the Structure

Source: http://hurricanes.noaa.gov/prepare/structure.htmComparison of TermsTropical DisturbanceGroup of thunderstorms in the tropics that are present for at least 24 hours

Tropical Wave lack of circulation, winds 74 mphCompare the Following

Source: http://ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/(Gh)/guides/mtr/hurr/stages/home.rxmlBy what two factors is hurricane strength measured?Wind Speed

Barometric PressureWhat is the Scale Used to Categorize Hurricanes?Saffir-Simpson ScaleCategoryMax Wind Speed(mph)Min. Surface Pressure (mb)Storm Surge m (ft)174-96> 9801-1.7 (3-5)297-111979-9651.8-2.6 (6-8)3112-131964-9452.7-3.8 (9-12)4132-155944-9203.9-5.6 (13-18)5> 155< 920> 5.7 (>19)Source: http://kids.earth.nasa.gov/archive/hurricane/saffir-simpson.htmlWhat causes the damage in a hurricane?WindsFloodingStorm SurgeWhat is a storm surge?Large wall or dome of water that rushes into the coastline as a result of a hurricane making landfall

To the right are the areas affected by high storm surges

Souce: http://www.wkrg.com/hurricanecenter/surge/SE.jpgWhat destroys a hurricane?Strong vertical windsCold waterMovement over landFrictionLack of moistureWhat are the five costliest hurricanes in the United States?Hurricane Andrew 1992Hurricane Hugo 1989Hurricane Fran 1996Hurricane Opal 1995Hurricane Frederic - 1979Explain why the majority of the costliest storms are relatively recentDamage is a result of developmentThere are more developed areas and possessions than in the past

Source: http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/1992andrew.htmlWhat are the five deadliest hurricanes in the United States?Galveston 1900Southeast Florida 1928Florida Keys 1919New England 1938Florida Keys 1935

Explain why the deadliest storms were longer ago.Lack of instrumentation to predict and track stormsPeople were not warned of the incoming danger

Source: http://www.1900storm.com/photographs/photo10.htmlResults of the Galveston HurricaneWhat are the names of the 2002 Hurricanes?ArthurHannaOmarBerthaIsidorePalomaCristobalJosephineReneDollyKyleSallyEdouardLiliTeddyFayMarcoVickyGustavNanaWilfredSource: http://www.hurricanewarning.net/coordinates.htmlHow has a hurricane affected you personally?Damage to your house from wind?

Damage from flooding?

Destroyed vacation house?

Damage to family members homes?

http://cindi.usgs.gov/cindi/hazard/event/floyd/ncflood/mediums/img023.jpgFinal Water LevelFlooding of Tar River as result of Hurricanes Dennis and FloydDocksideTar RiverEstatesDamage to Greenville, NC

Extensive Flooding

Extended Power outages

Flood Related Deaths

Property DamageUS 264 BridgeSource: http://cindi.usgs.gov/cindi/hazard/event/floyd/ncflood/mediums/img022.jpgDamage to Greenville, NC

Source: http://www.guc.com/about/floyd.htmProtectionListen to warningsTake all warnings seriouslyFollow evacuationsPrepare Food and Water for extensive power outages

Source: http://www.dc.peachnet.edu/~pgore/students/w97/matheson/hpage.htmTHE END