Humayun and Sher Humayun and Sher Shah SuriShah Suri

By: Group 2By: Group 2

HumayunHumayun Nasiruddin Muhammad HumayunNasiruddin Muhammad Humayun was born on was born on

1717th th March 1508 and was the eldest son of Babur. March 1508 and was the eldest son of Babur. He became king on 26 December 1530 when he He became king on 26 December 1530 when he

was 22 years old when his father, Babur, passed was 22 years old when his father, Babur, passed away by illness.away by illness.

Humayun lacked the experience and the tough Humayun lacked the experience and the tough fiber necessary to consolidate a new dynasty.fiber necessary to consolidate a new dynasty.

Humayun's most noted achievement was in the Humayun's most noted achievement was in the sphere of paintingsphere of painting

Humayun constructed a citadel at Delhi named Humayun constructed a citadel at Delhi named Din-Panah (Refuge of Religion), this structure is Din-Panah (Refuge of Religion), this structure is thought to have been destroyed during the reign thought to have been destroyed during the reign of Sher Shah Suri. of Sher Shah Suri.

Battle of ChausaBattle of Chausa

Sher Shah met Humayun in battle on the banks of the Sher Shah met Humayun in battle on the banks of the Ganges, near Benares, in Chausa on 1539 AD.Ganges, near Benares, in Chausa on 1539 AD.

This was to become an entrenched battle in which both This was to become an entrenched battle in which both sides spent a lot of time digging themselves into sides spent a lot of time digging themselves into positionspositions

After the army of Humayun had made its charge and After the army of Humayun had made its charge and Sher Shah's troops made their agreed-upon retreat, the Sher Shah's troops made their agreed-upon retreat, the Mughal troops relaxed their defensive preparations and Mughal troops relaxed their defensive preparations and returned to their entrenchments without posting a returned to their entrenchments without posting a proper guard. Observing the Mughals' mistake, Sher proper guard. Observing the Mughals' mistake, Sher Shah reneged on his earlier agreement.Shah reneged on his earlier agreement.

That very night, his army approached the Mughal camp That very night, his army approached the Mughal camp and finding the Mughal troops unprepared with a and finding the Mughal troops unprepared with a majority asleep, they advanced and killed most of them.majority asleep, they advanced and killed most of them.

The Emperor survived by swimming the Ganges using an The Emperor survived by swimming the Ganges using an air filled "water skin," and quietly returned to Agra. air filled "water skin," and quietly returned to Agra.

Humayun is exileHumayun is exile The Mughal domain came under the control of one of those nobles, FariThe Mughal domain came under the control of one of those nobles, Fari

d Khan Suri, who assumed the regional name of Sher Shah Suri.d Khan Suri, who assumed the regional name of Sher Shah Suri. Humayun would spend the next 15 years in exile in Sind, Iran, and then AHumayun would spend the next 15 years in exile in Sind, Iran, and then A

fghanistan.fghanistan. During this exile, Humayun's Persian wife, Hamida Begum, a native of TuDuring this exile, Humayun's Persian wife, Hamida Begum, a native of Tu

rbat-I Shaykh Jam in Khurasan, gave birth to the future emperor Akbar. rbat-I Shaykh Jam in Khurasan, gave birth to the future emperor Akbar. After Sher Shah's death on 1545 AD, the kingdom survived for about ninAfter Sher Shah's death on 1545 AD, the kingdom survived for about nin

e years in the hands of his son, Islam Shah. But Islam Shah's unconciliate years in the hands of his son, Islam Shah. But Islam Shah's unconciliatory nature alienated many Afghan chieftains. Eventually, the squabbling ory nature alienated many Afghan chieftains. Eventually, the squabbling for succession among Sher Shah's followers allowed Humayun and the for succession among Sher Shah's followers allowed Humayun and the Mughals to return to power in 1555Mughals to return to power in 1555

Iran's Shah Tahmasb (1524-76) had provided Humayun with the necessaIran's Shah Tahmasb (1524-76) had provided Humayun with the necessary troops to recapture Kandahar and then Kabul.ry troops to recapture Kandahar and then Kabul.

Unfortunately, less than a year after regaining power, Humayun died uneUnfortunately, less than a year after regaining power, Humayun died unexpectedly at the age of 48 when he fell down the steps of his library with xpectedly at the age of 48 when he fell down the steps of his library with a handful of books while in his haste to obey the muezzin’s call to praya handful of books while in his haste to obey the muezzin’s call to prayer on 27 January 1556er on 27 January 1556

Sher ShahSher Shah Sher Shah SuriSher Shah Suri was born as Farid Khan and took the name was born as Farid Khan and took the name

Sher Khan (the Lion King).Sher Khan (the Lion King). Sher Shah was a brilliant strategist and proved himself as a Sher Shah was a brilliant strategist and proved himself as a

gifted administrator and an able commander.gifted administrator and an able commander. He built the Grand Trunk Road (Sadak-i-Azam), and a He built the Grand Trunk Road (Sadak-i-Azam), and a

network of caravanserais (inns) for travellers. He also network of caravanserais (inns) for travellers. He also planted trees and dug wells.planted trees and dug wells.

Sher Shah introduced a silver coin rupee called Sher Shah introduced a silver coin rupee called rupiyarupiya, as a , as a standard mode of exchangestandard mode of exchange

His government also minted gold coins called His government also minted gold coins called mohurmohur and and copper coins called copper coins called damdam..

Sher Shah Suri died from a gunpowder explosion during the Sher Shah Suri died from a gunpowder explosion during the siege of Kalinjar fort on May 22, 1545 fighting against the siege of Kalinjar fort on May 22, 1545 fighting against the Chandel Rajputs Chandel Rajputs

Some FactsSome Facts

Humayun was portrayed in the biography "Humāyūn-nāma" Humayun was portrayed in the biography "Humāyūn-nāma" written by his sister Gulbadan Begum.written by his sister Gulbadan Begum.

Humayun’s tomb was commissioned by Humayun's wife, Humayun’s tomb was commissioned by Humayun's wife, Hamida Banu Begum, in 1562 CE. Hamida Banu Begum, in 1562 CE.

Humayun’s tomb was built by a Persian architect named Humayun’s tomb was built by a Persian architect named Mirak Mirza Ghiyuath.Mirak Mirza Ghiyuath.

It took eight years and Rs 1.5 million to build Humayun's It took eight years and Rs 1.5 million to build Humayun's Tomb, which is located in the center of a geometrically Tomb, which is located in the center of a geometrically arranged garden, crisscrossed by a network of water arranged garden, crisscrossed by a network of water

channels and fountains.channels and fountains. Sher Shah was famously remembered for killing a fully-Sher Shah was famously remembered for killing a fully-grown tiger with his bare hands in the Indian junglegrown tiger with his bare hands in the Indian jungle

Sher Shah’s EmpireSher Shah’s Empire

This is the history of Humayun

& Sher Shah Suri

THANK YOU

THE END