human skeleton namecommon name 1craniumbraincase 8maxillaryupper jaw 9mandiblelower jaw 10hyoidnone...
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Human Skeleton
Name Common Name
1 Cranium Braincase
8 Maxillary Upper Jaw
9 Mandible Lower Jaw
10 Hyoid None
11Cervical
Vertebrae (7) Neck bone
12 Sternum Breastbone
13 Clavicle Collarbone
15 Scapula Shoulder Blade
16 Sternum Breastbone
Human Skeleton
17 Xiphoid Process Breastbone End
18 Ribs (24) Ribs
19Thoracic
Vertebrae (12) Back Bones
20 Humerus Arm/Funny Bone
21 Radius Forearm
22 Ulna Forearm
23Carpals (8 each
wrist) Wrist Bones
24Metacarpals (5
each hand) Hand Bones
25Phalanges (14
each hand) Finger/Toe Bones
26Lumbar
Vertebrae (5) Lower Back Bones
Human Skeleton
27 Pelvis Hip Bone
28 Sacrum (1)
29 Coccyx (1) Tail Bone
32 Femur Thigh Bone
33 Patella Kneecap
34 Tibia Shin Bone
35 Fibula Lower Leg Bone
37 Calcaneus Heel Bone
38 Tarsals Ankle Bones
39 Metatarsals Foot Bones
Skeletal System #1
• Functions-• Support & movement,
muscle attachment, levers• Protection of internal
organs • Manufacture of blood
cells• Storage of minerals,
phosphorous, calcium
Bone Structure- #2Figure 1- Typical Long Bone
• 1. Cartilage– Located at the ends of
bones, reduces friction• 2. Spongy bone
– Located inside compact bone & at the ends of long bones, many air spaces
• 3. Marrow– Soft tissue located in the
center of hollow bones, produce red blood cells & some white blood cells
Bone Structure- #2Figure 1- Typical Long Bone
• 4. Periosteum– Tough membrane that
encases the bone
• 5. Compact bone– Dense bone, strong, located
along the center of long bones
• 6. Ligament or Tendon– Ligament- connects bone to
other bone– Tendon- connects muscle to
bone
Bone Structure- #3Figure 2
• a. Vertebral column– Protects spinal cord
• b. Thoracic cavity or Ribcage– Protects lungs & heart
• c. Cranium– Protects brain
• d. Mandible– Shapes face, allows
chewing
Bone Structure- #3Figure 2
• e. Shoulder girdle– Supports, anchors arm
• f. Pelvis– Protects pelvic organs,
anchors leg• g. Cartilage
– Reduces friction between bones
• h. Spongy bone– Bone with air spaces
Bone Structure- #3Figure 2
• i. Marrow– Forms blood cells
• j. Compact bone– Gives bone strength and
hardness
• k. Blood vessels/nerves• l. Osteocyte
– Living bone cells
• m. Haversian Canal– Canal for blood vessels in
bone
Bone Development- #4
• Ossification• The changing of cartilage to bone• Osteocytes deposit minerals that replace
cartilage forming bone
Cells Associated Tissue- #5
• Osteocytes– living bone cells, deposit
or absorbs minerals, bone growth and ossification
• Cartilage- 2 types– Temporary cartilage-
ossifies into bone– Permanent cartilage-
remain cartilage through out your life
• ends of bones, nose, ear
Joints- #6
• Point where bones meet
• Types-– Fixed- immovable, no
movement, cranium– Semimovable- allows
some motion, vertebrae
– Freely movable- allows much motion