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Human Resource Management

ByMr. Pathan A.B.

LecturerMGM`s Polytechnic, Aurangabad.

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1. Personnel – Training &

Development• Purpose of training is basically to enhance the

skill sets of employees so that they can produce the best result for an organization.

• Objectives1. To introduce work culture & environment.2. To know the skill set which is required to do the

job.3. To introduce new technology.4. Increase the knowledge level of employees.5. To reduce accidents because of lack training.

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1.1 Types of Training• Induction Training• Skill Enhancement

1. Induction Training• Induction training plays important role for new

employees to become productive & quick in their new job or work.

• It avoids major & costly mistakes by new people who don’t know the techniques of their new jobs.

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• Induction training includes following areas:-1. Introduction to the products of the company.2. Understanding & learning about the duties of job.3. Introduction to new colleagues.4. Seeing the layout of the premises of

organization.5. Understand values and aims of the business.6. Learning about the internal working of

organization7. Understand policies of the business.8. Know the rules and regulations.

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Advantages of Induction Training

• New employees feels comfortable in organization.• Job profile is focused.• Person understand the goals & objectives.• Understand rules, regulations, policies.• Becomes friendly with new colleagues.

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Disadvantages of Induction Training• New employee may be confused on first day

because of long induction programs.• If proper induction is not done the job profile may

not be understand by new person.• New person may not understand every part

delivered in the induction training.

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2. Skill Enhancement• Skill enhancement training is generally on the job

training.• It helps employees to enhance their present skills

of work.• Methods1. Demonstration:- it is showing the trainee how

work has to be done.2. Coaching:- it involves the training by experienced

person or expert person to the new employee.3. Job rotation:- different jobs are assigned to

employee to check the performance.4. Projects:- new employees may join a project team

which gives exposure to the person to know the other sides of business.

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Advantages of Skill Enhancement• Employee exactly understands what the job is

and it has to be performed to increase the productivity.

• A wider range of skills can be acquired by the employee

• Employee gets an opportunity to learn from expert.

• The confidence level of employee increases.

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Disadvantages of Skill Enhancement• Training could be expensive.• Working time may be lost• Employees may take training and leave the

present job.

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2. Leadership and Motivation2.1 Leadership• A leader is a person who leads the group of

people in an organization.• Leaders of a business organization need to

motivate the employees to achieve the goals of an organization.

Principles of Leadership: -1. Understand yourself & do self improvement.2. Find out & take responsibilities.3. Be technically expert.4. Make clear, timely and sound decisions.5. Be a good role model for employees.6. Keep consistent communication.

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2.1.1 Types of Leadership1. Autocratic Leadership2. Bureaucratic Leadership3. Democratic Leadership or participative Leadership4. Laissez-faire Leadership

5. Autocratic Leadership : - • Do not trust employees• Do not allow employee to give their inputs.

2. Bureaucratic Leadership : -• want to do everything according to procedure or

policy• Don’t work without approval of top level.• Enforce the rules and regulations.

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3. Democratic Leadership or participative Leadership

• Develop plans to evaluate employees performance

• Permits employees to establish goals.• Supports employees to grow on the job and be

promoted them.• Recognizes and encourages achievement of

employees.

4. Laissez-faire Leadership• Provides very little or no direction to employees.• Gives full freedom to employees.• All authority or power is given to the employees

who can determine goals, make decisions and resolve problems on their own.

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2.2 Motivation• “ The process that initiates, guides and maintains

goal oriented behaviors.” Two Types of Motivations: -1. Intrinsic Motivation: -• Intrinsic motivation reflects the desire to do

something because it is enjoyable.• If the person is intrinsically motivated, he would

not be worried about external rewards like awards, money or praise.

• A person enjoys and is sufficient for a person to do that activity again in the future.

• Example : - writing poems, short stories, playing games etc.

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2. Extrinsic Motivation : -• Extrinsic motivation is desire of a person to do

something for external rewards like praise, awards and money etc.

• People may not enjoy the activity what they do.• Example : - Writing stories for selling it for getting

money out of it.

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Maslow`s Theory of Motivation

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Industrial Legislation• Industrial legislation gives a platform for

employer as well as employees to settle their disputes and problems.

• It defines some industrial acts• Advantages of industrial acts1. Solves problems among employees2. Solves problems between industry and

employees3. Settle problem among industries.4. Helps worker to get justice.

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Industrial Acts1. Factory Act2. Employee state insurance (ESI Act)3. Workmen`s Compensation Act4. Dispute Act

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1. Factory Act• The Factory Acts were a series of Acts,  to limit

the number of hours worked by the workers i.e. women, children or Adult person.

• It has provisions relating to the health, safety and welfare of workers as well as their working conditions, safety measures & other facilities to enhance their welfare.

• The main aim of Factory Act 1948 is to protect factory workers from dangers to their health from machines, adverse working conditions in the factories.

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Provisions of Factory Act• Health Provisions• Safety Provisions• Welfare Provisions• Employment of Young Persons• Annual leave with Wages• Dangerous Operations• Enforcing Authority• Accidents and Diseases• Miscellaneous Provisions• Offences and Penalties

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Provisions regarding working hours• Hours of work:- No adult worker shall be

allowed to work in factory for more than 48 hours in a week & 9 hours in a day.

• Holidays: - No adult worker shall be allowed to work in factory on weekly holiday.

• Overtime Wages: - when worker works for more than 9 hours in a day or 48 hours in a week, he shall be entitled to wages at the rate of twice his ordinary rate of wages.

• Employment of Women: - no women shall be work in any factory except between 6 a.m. to 7 p.m.

• Restriction on double employment: - No worker shall be allowed to work in any other factory.

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2. Employee State Insurance (ESI Act)• ESI Act passed in 1948.• Following are the benefits under ESI Act:-1. Funeral benefit:- • If an insured employee dies, the eldest serving

member of his family is entitled to reimbursement of such expenditure subject to maximum of Rs.2500 (W.E.F. December,2000)

• The claim for the funeral expenses should be submitted with prescribed document and form within three months of the death of the insured employee

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2. Maternity benefit:-• A periodical cash benefit is payable to an insured

woman employee, in case of confinement, miscarriage, medical termination of pregnancy, premature birth of a child or sickness arising from pregnancy etc.

3. Disablement benefit:-• It is payable to an employee who is injured in the

course of his employment and is permanently or temporarily disabled or contacts any occupational disease.

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4. Dependents benefit:-• If any employee dies during any period for which

he is entitled to a cash benefit, the amount of such benefit shall be payable up to & including the day of his death.

• The amount of benefit shall be paid to the nominee or where there is no nomination, then the legal representative of the employee.

5. Medical benefit:-• Medical care and treatment is provided free of

charge to insured workers during their sickness and employee injury.

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6. Sickness benefit :-• Periodical payments to insured person in case of

his sickness duly certified for not more than 56 days all, during continuous period.

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3. Workman Compensation Act• It is an act to provide for payment by certain

classes of employers to their workmen of compensation for injury in accident.

• The object of awarding compensation is to replace the actual loss suffered by the workmen.

• Provisions under Workman compensation Act:-

1. Compensation in respect of diseases.2. Compensation to include medical aid.3. Compensation in fatal cases.4. Compensation in the case of permanent or

temporary incapacity.

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4. Industrial Dispute Act• industrial dispute can be defined as any dispute

differences between employers and employers or employers and workman or workman and workman.

• Causes of industrial disputes:-1. Demand for higher wages.2. Non-implementation of bonus schemes3. Demand for working condition4. Failure to recognize Unions5. Demand for proper leave Rules6. Over time payments7. Political interference8. Punishment to workers9. Insecurity of service10.Wrong policy or decisions

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• Provisions under Industrial Acts: -1. Dismissal or workers:- removal of worker from the

job.2. Suspension of workman:- temporary removal of

worker from the job.3. Closure:-employer closes the business.4. Lock-out:- temporary closing of a place of business

not the actual business itself.5. Retrenchment:- it is the termination of the service of

workman for any reason whatever except as punishment inflicted by way of disciplinary action. It does not involve retirement of worker or termination of the service of a worker.

6. Settlement:- it includes written agreement between the employer and workmen.

7. Strike:- refuse to continue the work under a common understanding of any number of workers.