human capital development in a dynamic environment: putting it all together michael wilcox& bo...
TRANSCRIPT
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Human Capital Development in a Dynamic Environment:
Putting it All Together
Michael Wilcox & Bo Beaulieu November 12, 2014Purdue University ExtensionCommunity Development Program
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Defining Community & Community Development
The Community Capitals Framework
Environmental Scan
Presentation Outline –
Human Capital Development in a Dynamic Environment
1
2
3
4
6
Needs Assessment: The Fundamentals
Connecting Data to HHS Programs: Human Capital
Valuable Data Resources
5
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1. Defining Community
1
It’s the interaction of people or groups of individuals who live within some geographic area that provides for most of their daily needs.
2
These individuals/groups share certain values and ties with one another (be they socially or psychologically).
3
Further, they work together to address local problems, concerns, and opportunities.
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Defining Community Development
Process Developing and strengthening the ability to work and act collectively (capacity-building)
Outcome Taking actions that are intended to make the community a better place to live and work.
Community
Developmen
t involves
both
“process”
and
“outcome.”
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2. Discovering Local Assets:The Community Capitals Framework
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The lifeblood of any community can be linked to the presence and strength of seven community capitals.
Strong and resilient communities strive for balanced investments in the seven capitals.
Communities that place too much emphasis on one or two types of capital can end up suppressing the growth of other community capitals.
Community Capitals: Key Features
1
2
3
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• The quality and quantity of natural and environmental resources existing in a community.
Natural Capital
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• The infrastructure of the community – the basic set of facilities, services and physical structures needed by a community.
• Includes design and land use factors, such as how neighborhoods, communities, and cities are laid out.
Built Capital
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• The variety of financial resources available to invest in local projects or economic development initiatives.
• Entities that serve as potential sources of funds for housing, community facilities, small business loans, and other community services.
Financial Capital
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• Attributes of individuals that provide them with the ability to earn a living (due to their education, work-related skills and health status).
• Efforts to build and expand the leadership skills of community members.
Human Capital
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• The values, norms, beliefs and traditions that people inherit from the family, school and community.
• Also includes material goods produced at a specific time and place having historical or cultural significance.
Cultural Capital
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Social Capital
• The “glue” that holds a community together and whose presence can brings benefits to the entire community.
• Consist of “bonding” and “bridging” activities. Also includes “linkages” to external entities.
• Different combinations of bonding, bridging, and linking social capital can produce positive results for the community.
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• Ability to shape the distribution of public and private resources within the community.
• Capacity to gain access to the local movers and shakers.
• Efforts to launch a “new leader” pipeline and expand civic participation.
Political Capital
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3. ENVIRONMENTAL SCAN – THE BASICS
“Environmental scanning is the acquisition and use of information about events, trends, and relationships in an organization's external environment, the knowledge of which would assist management in planning the organization's future course of action.”
-Choo (2001)PoliticalEconomicSocialTechnologicalLegalEnvironmental
Choo, Information Research, Vol. 7 No. 1, October 2001
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4. NEEDS ASSESSMENT: THE FUNDAMENTALS
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What is a need?
Present Situation
“What is?”
Desired Situation
“What should be?”
A Need
The Gap Between the Present & Desired Situation
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A formal tool that involves the identification of gaps
Placing these gaps in priority order
Determining which needs warrant the attention and resources of Extension
What’s a Needs Assessment?
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18
The purpose
Whose needs you want to identify
Procedures you plan to use
Identify the needs
Develop needs statements (outcomes)
Prioritize needs
The Needs Assessment Process
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Primary
Secondary
Key Informant
s
Surveys
Meeting Minutes
Reports
Data Products
Forum or Roundtabl
e
Gathering Information on Needs: Key Approaches
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• Data can help profile the current situation
• Adding other approaches can help fine tune the “present situation” as well as opportunities
• Ultimately, the “what should be” depends on local values, norms & aspirations
Aspirational Group
Peer Group
Benchmark
Where things get tough! Figuring out the “What should be?”
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Variable Daviess Peer (Clinton)
Aspirational (Boone)
Births to unmarried parents
29.2% 41.8% 21.2%
Adult Obesity Rate 31% 29% 28%
Child Poverty 24.2% 21.0% 8.3%
Median Income $44,689 $47,748 $69,919
Examples . . .
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Number Impacted
Importance
Impact on other Needs
Resources needed
Responsibility
Deciding on Needs to Address: Some Filters to Consider
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5. CONNECTING DATA TO HHS PROGRAMS
Health and Human Sciences Extension
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• Extrinsic and intrinsic factors that determine who “you” are…
• …investments that people make in their education, on-the-job training, or health…
• …talent and experiences
Human Capital – A Second Look
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ON THE SHOULDERS OF GIANTS…
Theodore SchultzAnalysis of the role of investment in human capital for economic development, particularly in agriculture.
Gary BeckerExtended the domain of economic theory to aspects of human behavior which had previously been dealt with by other social science disciplines.
James HeckmanDeveloped methods for handling selective samples in a statistically satisfactory way. Used specifically to evaluate the effect of public labor market programs and educational programs.
Based on Nobel Prize Winner Fact Sheets found at: http://www.nobelprize.org
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Population Index
Data:
Population over time expressed as a ratio of population : reference population (Index = Pop1990/Pop1970)
Measure:
Total population for each year divided by population in reference time period.
Source:
http://www.bea.gov/iTable/index_regional.cfm
Report As:
Graph
Designed by Stefan Parnarov from the Noun Project
Total Population2000 2010 2020
6,080,485 6,483,802 6,852,121
* 2020 projection: http://www.stats.indiana.edu/pop_proj/
US Metro
US Nonmetro
IN Metro
IN Nonmetro
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Components of Population Change
Data:
Total population change due to natural increase (net of births to deaths), net international migration and net domestic migration.
Measure:
Net number of people moving to/from state/county by source.
Source: http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=bkmk
Report As:
Table
Big Data from the Noun Project
Components of Population Change, 2000-2013
TOTAL Change 451,573
Natural Increase 413,653
International 123,980
Domestic -58,160
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Population Pyramid
Data:
Population pyramids delineate total population by age class and sex
Measure:
Percent of the total population that is in a certain age class by sex.
Source: http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/searchresults.xhtml?refresh=t
Report As:
Table or Pyramid
Teams designed by Wilson Joseph from the Noun Project
Ind
iana -
2000
Ind
iana -
2013
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Race and Origin
Data:
Population Estimates by Race and Hispanic Origin are based on self-identification and not an attempt to define race biologically, anthropologically, or genetically.
Measure:
Number or percent of the total population identifying their race (one or more) and origin.
Source: http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/18000.html
Report As:
Table, Pie Chart or Bar Chart
Population Estimates by Race and Hispanic Origin in 2013
Daviess County, IN Indiana United
States
American Ind. or Alaskan Native 0.4% 0.4% 1.2%
Asian 0.7% 1.9% 5.3%
Black 0.8% 9.5% 13.2%
Native Hawaiian and Other Pac. Isl. 0.2% 0.1% 0.2%
White 97.1% 86.3% 77.7%
Two or More Race Groups 0.9% 1.8% 2.4%
Hispanic or Latino (can be of any race)
Not Hispanic or Latino 95.4% 93.6% 82.9%
Hispanic or Latino 4.6% 6.4% 17.1%
People designed by Claire Jones from the Noun Project
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Educational AttainmentData:
Educational attainment represents the highest level of education attained by each member of the population at or above the age of 25 years old.
Measure:
Number of or percent of the total population above the age of 25 attaining an education from less than 9th grade to graduate degree
Source: http://www.stats.indiana.edu/topic/education.asp
Report As:
Table or Pie Chart
Item Dubois IN US
Total Pop. 25 and Older 28,410 4,229,138 204,336,017
Less Than 9th Grade 6% 4% 6%
9th to 12th No Diploma 8% 9% 8%
High School Grad (inc. equiv.) 42% 35% 28%
Some College, No Degree 16% 21% 21%
Associate Degree 9% 8% 8%
Bachelor's Degree 12% 15% 18%
Graduate, Prof. or Doctorate Degree 7% 8% 11%
High School Grad or Higher 86% 87% 86%
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Data:
Selected Characteristics of people at the poverty level in the past 12 months from the 2011-2013 American Community Survey 3-Year Estimates.
Measure:
Percent of population category that is at the poverty level.
Source: http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_13_3YR_S1703&prodType=table
Report As:
Table
Designed by Stefan Parnarov from the Noun Project
Poverty2011-13 Total % of Total
POPULATION 6,342,695 15.9%
AGE
Under 18 years 1,560,410 22.7%
65 years and over 849,999 7.4%
RACE
White 5,360,932 13.1%
Black 568,666 33.5%
Asian 106,330 20.4%
ORIGIN
Hispanic or Latino 401,798 30.9%
LIVING ARRANGEMENT
Married-couple family 3,893,823 6.7%
Female householder, no husband 1,021,100 37.5%
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Less than high school graduate 510,982 27.4%
High school graduate 1,467,463 12.2%
Bachelor's degree or higher 999,420 4.1%
DISABILITY STATUS
With any disability 849,320 22.2%
No disability 5,490,194 14.9%
WORK STATUS (16-64 YRS OLD)
Worked full-time, year-round 1,984,604 2.9% Worked less than full-time, year-round 1,157,605 21.8%
Did not work 966,557 32.2%
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Data:
Health outcomes is an equally weighted aggregate measure comprised of Length of Life and Quality of Life variables.
Measure:
Ranking of Indiana counties based on Health Outcomes index.
Source:
http://www.countyhealthrankings.org/app/indiana/2014/overview
Report As:
Map or Table
Public Domain from the Noun Project
Health Outcomes
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6. VALUABLE DATA SOURCES
Extension Audiences Reached
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• U.S. Census Bureau• Main Portal
http://www.census.gov/
• Census Bureau A-Z Subjectshttp://www.census.gov/main/www/a2z
• Census of Agriculturehttp://www.nass.usda.gov/Census_of_Agriculture/index.asp
• American Community Surveyhttp://www.census.gov/acs/www/
KEY FEDERAL DATA RESOURCES
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• StatsAmericahttp://www.statsamerica.org/
ANOTHER VALUABLE DATA RESOURCE
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THANK YOU !
Michael Wilcox & Bo Beaulieu