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HUMAN BODY COURSE

LOWER LIMB NERVES AND VESSELS

October 22, 2010

D. LOWER LIMB MUSCLES2 Lower limb compartments2. Lower limb compartments

ANTERIOR THIGH COMPARTMENT

G l f ti Hi fl i k t i th tiGeneral function: Hip flexion, knee extension, other motions

Muscles: Sartorius, quadriceps femoris (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis)

Innervation: Femoral nerve

Blood supply: Femoral artery

ANATOMY OF THE LOWER LIMB ©Trudy Van Houten, September 1, 2010 1

Blood supply: Femoral artery


MEDIAL THIGH COMPARTMENT

G l f ti Hi dd ti th tiGeneral function: Hip adduction, other motions

Muscles: Gracilis, adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus, obturator externus

Innervation: Obturator nerve

Blood supply: Obturator artery and deep femoral artery perforating

ANATOMY OF THE LOWER LIMB ©Trudy Van Houten, September 1, 2010 Page 22

Blood supply: Obturator artery and deep femoral artery perforating branches

D. UPPER LIMB MUSCLES2 Lower limb compartments2. Lower limb compartments

POSTERIOR THIGH COMPARTMENT

G l f ti Hi t i k fl i th tiGeneral function: Hip extension, knee flexion, other motions

Muscles: Hamstring muscles (biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus)

Innervation: Tibial nerve (except biceps femoris short head)

Blood supply: Deep femoral artery perforating branches


Blood supply: Deep femoral artery perforating branches


ANTERIOR CRURAL COMPARTMENT

General function: Ankle dorsiflexion, digital extension, others

Muscles: Tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis, extensor digitorum longus

Innervation: Deep fibular nerve

Blood supply: Anterior tibial artery



LATERAL CRURAL COMPARTMENT

General function: Ankle plantarflexion, intertarsal eversionp

Muscles: Fibularis longus, fibularis brevis

Innervation: Superficial fibular nerve

Blood supply: Fibular branch of posterior tibial artery



POSTERIOR CRURAL COMPARTMENT, Superficial group

l f i fl kl l fl hGeneral function: Knee flexion, ankle plantarflexion, other motions

Muscles: Gastrocnemius, plantaris soleus

Innervation: Tibial nerve

Blood supply: Posterior tibial artery

POSTERIOR CRURAL COMPARTMENT, Deep group

General function: Ankle plantarflexion, digital flexion, other motions

Muscles: Popliteus, flexor hallucis longus, tibialis posterior




Blood supply: Posterior tibial artery

E. LOWER LIMB INNERVATION1 Femoral nerve1. Femoral nerve


E. LOWER LIMB INNERVATION2 Obturator nerve2. Obturator nerve


E. LOWER LIMB INNERVATION3 Tibial nerve3. Tibial nerve


E. LOWER LIMB INNERVATION3 Fibular nerve3. Fibular nerve


F. LOWER LIMB CIRCULATION1 Arterial supply1. Arterial supply

Continuations and branches of the EXTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY provide blood to the limb. Branches of the internal iliac artery supply the posterior hip region.

The FEMORAL ARTERY is the direct continuation of the external iliac artery inferior to the inguinal ligament. The DEEP FEMORAL ARTERY is a branch of g gthe femoral artery.

The POPLITEAL ARTERY is the direct continuation of the femoral artery distal to a hiatus in the adductor magnus muscle and within the popliteal fossa.

The ANTERIOR TIBIAL ARTERY and POSTERIOR TIBIAL ARTERY, the terminal branches of the popliteal artery, begin distal to the popliteal fossa and end in a single anastomosis the PLANTAR ARTERIAL ARCH in the footin a single anastomosis, the PLANTAR ARTERIAL ARCH, in the foot.


F. LOWER LIMB CIRCULATION2 Venous and lymphatic drainage2. Venous and lymphatic drainage

Blood from deeper structures of the lower limb drains to DEEP VEINS accompanying arteries with the same names.

Blood from superficial structures of the lower limb drains to SUPERFICIAL VEINSwith no accompanying arteries. The superficial veins begin at the DORSAL VENOUS p y g p gARCH of the foot.

The GREAT SAPHENOUS VEIN leaves the tibial side of the dorsal arch and runs superiorly to join the femoral deep vein in the inguinal region.

The SMALL SAPHENOUS VEIN leaves the fibular side of the dorsal venous arch and runs superiorly to join the popliteal vein in the popliteal fossa.

LYMPH from the lower limb drains into lymphatic vessels travelling with both deep and superficial veins. Groups of nodes are found in the popliteal fossa and in the inguinal region.


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