The$Hudson$River$Sustainable$Shorelines$Project$:$Engineering$

Jon$K.$Miller,$Ph.D.$and$Andrew$Rella,$Ph.D.$Stevens$Ins:tute$of$Technology$

$$

And'a'cast'of'thousands'including:'Betsy'Blair,'Emilie'Hauser,'Dan'Miller,'Stuart'Findlay,'Dave'Strayer,'Kristen'Marcell,'Ona'Ferguson,'Nickitas'

Georgas,'and''$

Cary$Ins:tute$of$Ecosystem$Studies,$Consensus$Building$Ins:tute,$Hudson$River$Na:onal$Estuarine$Research$Reserve,$New$York$State$Department$of$Environmental$

Conserva:on,$Stevens$Ins:tute$of$Technology,$and$other$partners$$$

Study'Components' Literature'Review'

Iden;ca;on'of'all'known'Tradi;onal'and'Innova;ve'Approaches'for'Stabilizing'Shorelines'(Not$Hudson$River$Estuary$Specic)$

Compara;ve'Cost'Analysis' Comparison'of'economic'value'associated'with'9'Hudson'River'appropriate'

structures,'across'three'site'loca;ons,'considering'two'sea'level'rise'scenarios.''' Considering;'Material'Costs;'Installa;on'Costs;'Maintenance'Costs;'Replacement'

Costs'(signicant'storm'events);'Adapta;on'Costs'(2'SLR'scenarios)'

Physical'Forces'Analysis' Ice' Wakes' Currents' Waves'

Forensic'Analysis' A'retrospec;ve'study'examining'the'success/failure'of'3'tradi;onal'and'3'alterna;ve'

stabiliza;on'structures'during'three'recent'extreme'weather'events.'''

A$Literature$Review$of$ExisDng$Methods$for$LimiDng$Erosion$along$Sheltered$Shorelines'

'29'Techniques'Iden;ed''

!TradiDonal$Approaches$ Bulkheads' Gabions' Groins' RipCrap'Revetments''

!Hybrid$Approaches$ Sills' Live'Crib'Wall' Joint'Plan;ng' Biowalls''

!Natural$Approaches$ Living'breakwaters' Coconut'Fiber'Rolls''

hFp://hrnerr.thewordpressdesigner.com/les/2012/08/RellaMiller2012a_EngineeringLiteratureReview.pdf'

Finished$Product$

Finished$Product$

hFps://www.hrnerr.org/doc/?doc=240189605''

A$ComparaDve$Cost$Analysis$ 9''Stabiliza;on'Approaches'

Wood'and'Steel'Bulkheads' Crib'Walls' Live'Crib'Walls' Revetments' RipCRap' Joint'Plan;ng' Bio'Wall' Sill'' Vegeta;ve'Geogrid''

3'sites' Poughkeepsie' Henry'Hudson'Park'(Albany)'' Bowline'Point'Park'(Haverstraw)'

2'Sea'Level'Rise'Scenarios' Current'Rate'(2.77mm/yr)'' Rapid'Ice'Melt'(48'by'2080)'

hFp://hrnerr.thewordpressdesigner.com/les/2012/08/Compara;veCCostCAnalysis.pdf'

Cost$analysis$includes:$ IniDal$Costs$(IC)$

Material'and'labor'costs'to'construct'the'stabiliza;on'measure' Maintenance$and$Repair$Costs$(M&R)$

Costs'associated'with'rou;ne'maintenance'and'repairs'(i.e.'not'associated'with'any'given'storm)'

Damage$Costs$(DC)$ Costs'associated'with'restoring'a'structure'to'its'original'func;on'aoer'a'

specic'storm'causes'damage'

Replacement$Costs$(RC)$ Costs'of'replacing'a'structure'once'it'reaches'the'end'of'its'serviceable'

life.''(Typically'associated'with'material'decay/degreda;on)'

Wood$Bulkhead$Cost$EsDmate$IniDal$Cost$(IC)$ '$'171,500''

Current$Rate$of$SLR$Period'1'(2012C2037)' Period'2'(2037C2062)' Period'3'(2062C2082)' Total'(2012C2082)'

Category$ Storm'Tr' %'IC' #'Events' *Cost' #'Events' *Cost' #'Events' *Cost' Extended'Cost' %'Final'Damage$Cost$(DC)$ 50' 10%' 0.56' '$''''''''7,220'' 0.75' '$''''''''5,566'' 1.01' '$''''''''4,537'' $''''''''''17,323' 4.6%'Damage$Cost$(DC)$ 25' 5%' 1.13' '$''''''''7,302'' 1.53' '$''''''''5,686'' 2.14' '$''''''''4,789'' $''''''''''17,776' 4.7%'Replacement$Cost$(RC)$ 100%' 0.00' '$'''''''''''''''C'''' 1.00' '$''''''74,139'' 1.00' '$''''''44,825'' $''''''''118,965' 31.7%'Maintenance$Cost$(MC)$ 20%' 1.00' '$''''''25,935'' 1.00' '$''''''14,828'' 1.00' '$''''''''8,965'' $''''''''''49,728' 13.3%'

'PostCConstruc;on'Costs'(DCs+RC+MC)'' $''''''''203,792' 54.3%'Ini;al'Cost'(IC)' $''''''''171,500' 45.7%'

*Costs$are$calculated$as$the$IC$x$%IC$x$#Events$with$inaDon$and$discounDng$applied$mid$period$ Total'Cost' $''''''''375,292' 100.0%'

Rapid$Ice$Melt$Rate$of$SLR$Period'1'(2012C2037)' Period'2'(2037C2062)' Period'3'(2062C2082)' Total'(2012C2082)'

Category$ Storm'Tr' %'IC' #'Events' *Cost' #'Events' *Cost' #'Events' *Cost' Extended'Cost' %'Final'Damage$Cost$(DC)$ 50' 10%' 1.35' '$''''''17,524'' 9.26' '$''''''68,648'' 25.00' '$'''112,063'' $''''''''198,234' 28.8%'Damage$Cost$(DC)$ 25' 5%' 3.01' '$''''''19,530'' 16.67' '$''''''61,783'' 25.00' '$''''''56,031'' $''''''''137,344' 20.0%'Replacement$Cost$(RC)$ 100%' 0.00' '$'''''''''''''''C'''' 1.00' '$''''''74,139'' 1.00' '$''''''44,825'' $''''''''118,965' 17.3%'Maintenance$Cost$(MC)$ 25%' 1.00' '$''''''32,419'' 1.00' '$''''''18,535'' 1.00' '$''''''11,206'' $''''''''''62,160' 9.0%'

'PostCConstruc;on'Costs'(DCs+RC+MC)'' $''''''''516,703' 75.1%'Ini;al'Cost'(IC)' $''''''''171,500' 24.9%'

*Costs$are$calculated$as$the$IC$x$%IC$x$#Events$with$inaDon$and$discounDng$applied$mid$period$ Total'Cost' $''''''''688,203' 100.0%'

Finished$Product$

Several'alterna;ves'exist'at'each'site'for'which'the'costs'are'rela;vely'similar.'

' Alterna;ve'

solu;ons'can'be'cost'compe;;ve'with'tradi;onal'approaches'

(Consistent'with'NOAAs'Weighing'Your'Op;ons'report.)''

Finished$Product$

Physical$Forces$CharacterizaDon$

Characteriza;on'of'the'physical'environments'of'the'Hudson'River'Wakes' Ice'Water'Levels'Currents'Stresses'Surface'wind'waves''

hFps://www.hrnerr.org/hudsonCriverCsustainableCshorelines/spa;alCinforma;onCdesigningCshoreline/''

Wakes$Analysis$ Wakes'were'observed'at'

over'32'sites'over'the'course'of'4'days,'both'in'2012/2013'

Analy;cal'approach'will'be'u;lized'to'supplement'data'

Ice$Reports$Ice'climatology'developed'based'on'Coast'Guard'reports'

'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

'

1)'The'16'ice'regions'of'the';dal'Hudson.'2)'%'of'ice'season'days'(DecemberCMarch)'with'ice'present,'by'region.'3)'Prevalent'Ice'Type'when'ice'present.'4)'Median' Ice'covered'area;'%'of'each' region,'median'of'all'days'with' ice' reported.'5)'Median' ice' thickness;' inches'of' ice'by'region,'median'of'all'days'with'ice'reported.'6)'95th'percen;le'of'ice'thickness;'inches'of'ice'by'region,'95%'of'all'days'with'ice'reported'had'ice'thinner'than'this'value.'(hFp://www.hrnerr.org/hudsonCriverCsustainableCshorelines/shorelinesCengineering/iceCcondi;ons/)'

Currents$Ultra'high'resolu;on'version'of'NYHOPS'developed'for'understanding'wave'&'current''variability'

1'Year'Retrospec;ve'Study'Considering;'! 6'structures'

" 3'Tradi;onal'Hard'Engineered'Structures'" 3'Ecologically'Enhanced'Shorelines'

! 3'Storm'Events'" Tropical'Storm'Lee'(Rainfall'Event)'" Post'Tropical'Storm'Sandy'(Wind'and'Surge'Event)'" Tropical'Storm'Irene'(Rainfall,''Surge'and'Wind'Event)'

'Objec;ves''

1) Characterize'the'condi;ons'of'tradi;onal'and'nonCtradi;onal'treatments'at'4''6'sites'to'understand'the'determinants'of'success'or'failure'during'extreme'weather'events.'

2) Characterize'the'impacts'experienced'at'all'3'sites'during'each'of'the'three'storm'events.'

''

''

Forensic$Analysis$of$Shoreline$Performance$During$3$Extreme$Storms$

Data'Collec;on' Historic'Aerial'Photographs/Topographic'Maps' Photos'(construc;on,'pre'and'postCstorm'photographs'of'the'site)' Ini;al'Site'Visit' Discussions'with'Property'Owner/Design'Engineer' Final'Site'Visit'(including'topographic/bathymetric'survey)' Hindcast'of'Storm'Condi;ons'(Wave'and'Water'Level'Climatology)''

Common'Findings' Vegeta;on'Establishment' Slope'Compa;bility' Debris'Impact' Leeside'Erosion' Adap;ve'Management' Stone'Sizing'

Next'Steps'

'Demo'sites'C'Monitor/measure'

'BeFer'understanding'of'wakes'and'ice'

'Inuence'of'biology'growth'on'structural''stability.''(Oyster'on'piles,'enhancements'on'bulkheads,'roots'on'revetments)'