how maternal nutritional knowledge can improve nutritional

How Maternal Nutritional Knowledge Can Improve Nutritional Status of

Children?

Wawan Saepul Irwan1,2, Al Mukhlas Fikri1

1Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Human Ecology, IPB University, Bogor 166802Center of Development and Empowerment Teacher and Education Personnel (CDETEP) for Business and Tourism, Ministry of Education and Culture of Republic of Indonesia

Outline

Maternal Nutritional Knowledge and Nutritional Status of Children

The First 1000 Days of Life in Nutritional Perspective

Current Nutritional Status of Mother and Children

UNICEF Framework


Conclusion


Nutritional status during the 1000 days of life, determines our health

status in whole life


Intergenerational cycle of growth failure.

This explains, how poor nutritional status during pregnancy, will produce

sub-optimal outcome and may cause

under-nutrition mother in the future


Double burden of malnutrition, possibly comes from poor nutrition, during the first

1000 days of life



Green: Most responsiveYellow: Some catch-up

Red: Unresponsive


The recent findings showed, that low birth weight (LBW) was the most predictor of

stunting, in under two children in Indonesia (Aryastami et al. 2017)


Aryastami, N. K., Shankar, A., Kusumawardani, N., Besral, B., Jahari, A. B., & Achadi, E. (2017). Low birth weight was the most dominant predictor associated with stunting among children aged 12–23 months in Indonesia. BMC Nutrition, 3(1), 16.

Current Nutritional Status of Children and Mother



Global Report of Nutrition 2018

UNICEF FRAMEWORK


Maternal Nutritional Knowledge


• Good nutrition during pregnancy, supports fetaldevelopment (Frietas-Vilela et al. 2017).

• The education level of mother, is strongly correlated with nutritional status of children (Ruel et al. 1992; Yabanci et al. 2012; Fadare et al. 2019).

• Maternal education, affects nutritional status of children, through maternal nutritional knowledge (Variyam et al. 1999).

• However, maternal nutritional knowledge, may be more important than formal maternal education (Appoh and Krekling 2005)



• Mothers who consume more fruit and vegetable, were more likely to have higher education (Frietas-Vilela et al. 2017).

• Mothers with healthier nutritional knowledge, feed their children more with fruits, vegetables, legumes, less sugar and artificial (Blaylock 1999; Yabanci et al. 2012; Frietas-Vilela et al. 2017)

• Maternal dietary pattern, may affect child eating habits (Vereecken and Maes 2010; Nguyen et al. 2013; Ashman et al. 2014)




Do nutritional knowledge

stand alone?

Nutritional knowledge seems to be the mediating factor


Nutrition education for mothers, could improve children’s growth, but only in

households with enough access for foods. Nutrition education for poorer households,

would not be sufficient (Ruel et al. 1992).



McLeod et al. (2011)




Campbell et al. (2013)



However, you don’t need to be rich to eat healthy

Nutrition is about allocative efficiency of health input use

(Variyam et al. 1999)



What mother should know?• Eat plenty of fruits, vegetables, and

protein• Exclusive breastfeeding and the

important of colostrum • Age of introduction of supplementary

foods• Immunization and diarrheal prevention(Apoh and Kreklin 2005; Fadare et al. 2005)

Conclusion


• Nutrition during the first 1000 days of life, determines lifelong-health

• Mothers with higher formal education, may have higher nutritional knowledge

• Maternal nutritional knowledge, is strongly associated with maternal dietary pattern and feeding practices

• Maternal nutritional knowledge, seems to be the mediating factor

• Nutrition education for mothers, may support nutrition improvement program

Thank you

how maternal nutritional knowledge can improve nutritional

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