how live polling can enhance student learning: applications for general and research classes
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How live polling can enhance student learning: Applications for general and research classes. Teaching, Learning, Mentoring Conference, Springfield, MO. Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., November 5, 2005. Presentation Outline. Part 1: General Interest Overview of live polling - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 2005 1
How live polling can enhance student learning: Applications for
general and research classes
Teaching, Learning, Mentoring Conference, Springfield, MO.
Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., November 5, 2005
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Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 2005 2
Presentation Outline
Part 1: General Interest1. Overview of live polling
2. Examples of live polling
3. Live polling software
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Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 2005 3
Presentation Outline
Part 2: Details of the application1. WebCT approach
2. Getting data into Excel and SPSS
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Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 2005 4
What Is Live Polling?
Live polling is a method for getting responses from a group of people and displaying their responses in realtime.
In the context of teaching, realtime means the current classroom time frame.
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Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 2005 5
Why Live Polling?
Our rationale for live polling may derive from several sources
• Authority• Affiliation• Geek savoir faire• Financial• Theoretical• Empirical
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Authority & Live Polling?
National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council
Educators should provide “active learning environments for all students, even in large sections, lecture-dominated courses (p. 39).”
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Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 2005 7
Affiliation & Live Polling?
Active learning, like many ideas in the history of education, is a buzzword. Live polling is a strategy to encourage active learning.
Affiliation is a human need. If you feel the need to belong, join the crowd. Buzz a few words, do some polls, then follow the wave to the next hot item. You will feel better and students may feel good even if they do not learn any more.
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Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 2005 8
Geek savoir faire & Live Polling?
In a period of Geek revivalism, such as we now experience, it is useful to display a knowledge of all things Geek. Live polling is one of those things.
p.s. googling savoir faire will give you a french lexicon, which is not useful.
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Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 2005 9
Financial Considerations& Live Polling
There is funding for technology and research related to the use of technology to promote student learning.
Finances can be a reason to obtain the technology and determine its value in active learning. Add live polling software as a part of your purchase and research plans.
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Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 2005 10
Theoretical Reasons for Live Polling: Schemas
Students enter courses with various cognitive schemas.
An accurate schema of the concepts presented in the course may require a modification of their existing schemas (most likely).
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Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 2005 11
Theoretical Reasons for Live Polling: Schemas
As an educator, live polling provides you with
-An understanding of a student’s pre-existing schema.
-An understanding of how they have changed as a result of the learning activities.
-An understanding of how many students “get it” as a result of the learning activities.
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Theoretical Reasons for Live Polling: Schemas
As a student, live polling provides
-Knowledge of how well they already understand course concept.
-Knowledge of how well they have understood a newly presented concept.
-Knowledge of how they are doing compared to others.
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Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 2005 13
Theoretical Reasons for Live Polling: Feedback
Feedback, or knowledge of results, promotes learning when it is immediate.
So much feedback in education is delayed feedback.
Live polling can provide immediate feedback
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Theoretical Reasons for Live Polling: Attention
Theoretically, students need to attend to a stimulus in order to learn.
Live polling may increase the attention of more students if it is a
>novel stimulus
>relevant stimulus (e.g., net polling)
>discriminative stimulus ( learning cue)
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Empirical Reasons for Live Polling
Attention span for students ~ 15 minutes
(Prince, 2004)
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Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 2005 16
Empirical Reasons for Live Polling
Recall- for the first 10 minutes of lecture ~ 70%
Recall- for the last 10 minutes of lecture ~ 20%
(Prince, 2004)
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Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 2005 17
Empirical Reasons for Live Polling
Common lecture rate ~ 120-140 wpm
Student notetaking rate as low as 20 wpm
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Examples of Live Polling
WarmUps (Cox & Junkin, 2005)
• Ask 3 questions about the assigned reading before class begins.
• Use results for Just-in Time Teaching-- tailor your presentation to the customer.
• [Software can set a timer to end availability of questions to end when class begins.]
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Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 2005 19
Examples of Live Polling
Learning Consolidation & Mid-lecture Polls
Engage with the material by reviewing their notes and solving a problem.
> Individual work
> Group activity
Respond to the question and get feedback.
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Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 2005 20
Examples of Live Polling
Attention & Focus Stimulus
Survey the class on a topic of interest to students and relevant to the course content.
Tattoo
Use of WebCT
Elections
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Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 2005 21
Examples of Live Polling
Self-Test
Ungraded questions provided at the end of class to reinforce accurate learning.
Feedback can guide the learners to notes or text pages for the answers or lead them to other resources.
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Examples of Live Polling
Selected Course Evaluation
Outside of class time, a survey of selected course components can involve the students in feedback about the perceived value of various learning activities used by the instructor.
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Examples of Live Polling
Specific Use-Testing & Research Classes: Develop skills for:
writing questions & items
web-based research
downloading files
Using Excel
Using SPSS / data analysis software
Live stuff is more fun!
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Live Polling Software
• Webforms
• A variety of options including live polling available at no charge from William F. Junkin. [email protected]
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Live Polling Software
• WebCT
• Quizzes and Options Module
• I will illustrate WebCT in the next section
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Live Polling: Some Thoughts
• Time to prepare the activity
• Familiarity with the software
• Familiarity with the equipment
• Knowing the limitations– E.g., how to enroll people in a class
End of Part I
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Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 2005 27Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 2005 1
How live polling can enhance student learning: Applications for
general and research classes
Teaching, Learning, Mentoring Conference, Springfield, MO.
Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., November 5, 2005
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Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 2005 28
Part 2
In this Part of the Presentation I will cover
1. Adding Surveys in WebCT
2. Downloading files to Excel
3. From Excel to SPSS
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Surveys in WebCT
Refer to the handout, which is based on the WebCT help guidelines.
Begin by adding surveys from the control panel Add Tool feature.
Complete the options information- including choice of an icon
Click to add the tool and the features.
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Control Panel--- Surveys
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Create the Survey in WebCT
• Course Menu- select survey
• Select Create
• Add title and create
• You have set up the Survey but need to add questions
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Add Questions to the Survey
• Select Survey
• Edit
• Add questions/ items
• Create
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Add Questions
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Add Questions to the Survey
• Type the item
• Type responses e.g., Agree…
• Save and Add
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Enter New Questions
Answers
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Schedule the Survey
• Select the settings
• For example - for the class period
• Update
• That is it!
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Survey Settings
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Examining the Data
• Select detail to see results
• Update table
• Click summary to see item responses
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39Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 2005
Survey Detail
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Examining the Data
• Click detailed statistics to see basic stats
• That is usually enough for the live class polling
• Have a discussion or move on…
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WebCT Live
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Downloading
• From the survey/detail page, select export to disk
• Select where to download
• Open Excel
• Open file from download
• Select comma delimited
• Accept defaults and finish
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Downloading
• From the survey/detail page, select export to disk
• Select where to download
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Export & Download
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In Excel
• “Clean up” data
• Do statistics or,
• Save the file as an Excel file
• See the examples
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46Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 2005
Excel View
No attractive embarrassedexpressionget tattoo religious be...25
1419212430 3 4 4 434 3 1 23523 2 1 2 1 28 2 4 4 4
31 2 2 2 2 21 3 3 3 2 3
Missing data
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47Geoffrey W. Sutton, Ph.D., 2005
Excel “Cleaned”
No attractive embarrassedexpressionget tattoo religious be...23 2 1 2 1 28 2 4 4 4
31 2 2 2 2 21 3 3 3 2 37 4 3 4 2 43 4 4 4 5 54 3 4 4 39 1 4 4 2 3
10 3 4 2 3 312 2 4 2 2 513 2 4 3 2 415 4 4 5 4
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In SPSS
• Open SPSS
• Open a new file
• Select the excel file you created
• Begin data analysis
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The End
Please refer to the handout available on line for a list of procedures and references.
Please send corrections to [email protected]
Thank you.