horse science digestive physiology of the horse. the digestive tract horses are non-ruminant...
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Horse Science
Digestive Physiology of the Horse
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The Digestive Tract
Horses are non-ruminant herbivoresHorses are able to utilize large amounts of roughage due to their relatively large cecumCecum is a section of the colon where digestive bacteria break down roughage
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Digestive Tract
The Mouth- first part of digestive system.Mouth has 2 main functions- masticate food and wet food with saliva.
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Digestive tract cont.
Teeth should be examined by professional periodically to check for sharp edges that must be floated or filed down
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Digestive tract cont.
The esophagus- 50- 60 inches long in an adult horse.Esophagus will not allow vomiting.Stomach may actually rupture before animal will vomit.
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Digestive tract cont.
The Stomach- relatively small. Therefore horses should be fed several small meals per day.The Small Intestine- contains 30% of the capacity of the entire tract. Food in the small intestine is 93-95% liquid. Nutrients are absorbed here.
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Digestive tract cont.
The large intestine- 25 feet long, divided into cecum, colon and rectum
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Rate of passage
95% of all food eaten will be excreted in the form of feces within 65-75 hours of ingestion
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Site of Digestion
Protein, Carbohydrates,fat, minerals and vitamins are all digested in the small intestineWater is absorbed in the large intestine
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Factors Affecting Digestion
Processing of feeds- pellets require less digestion than whole grains.
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Feed processing
Grinding feed speeds digestion
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Feed Processing
Crimping oats will increase rate of digestion.
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Factors affecting Digestion cont.
Level of intake- the more grain eaten, the less digestedFrequency of feeding- frequent feeding can increase level of digestion.
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Factors cont.
Work- light work increases digestion, heavy work inhibits it.