Heather BowersMS I

Hormonal Influences on Metabolism

Definition – ability or capacity for work

What do we use energy for?

Where does our energy come from?

Homeostasis

Energy

Physical activity

Digestion

Where Does All Our Energy Go?

Basic Metabolic Rate

Amount of energy needed for basic functioning of major organs in a resting state

Dependent on gender, _____, height, & __________

http://www.bmi-calculator.net/bmr-calculator

Where Does All Our Energy Go?

Energy Usage

Basal ProcessesActivity *Thermogenesis & digestion

Where Does All Our Energy Go?

Normal Adult

LiverBrainSkeletal MuscleKidneysHeartOther

Basal Processes

Where Does Our Energy Come From?

Where Does Our Energy Come From?

Metabolism

Catabolism – chemical reactions occurring within cells

that break _________molecules into _____________

molecules & release energy

Anabolism – chemical reactions occurring within cells

that build __________ molecules from ___________ molecules; this process uses or stores energy

Energy Homeostasis

Calories are a measure of energyAmount of energy required

________________________

Macromolecules are a source of energy

Krebs Cycle produces ATPATP = energy

Energy Production

Hormonal Influences on Metabolism

Insulin & GlucagonInsulin

Glucagon

Blood Sugar Blood Sugar

_____________ glands

Regulated by nervous system

“Fight or flight” responseO2 & glucose to brain?O2 & glucose to muscles?Heart rate?Digestion?Pupils?Immune response?

Epinephrine

Adrenal glands

Normal function:Contributes to “fight or flight”Restores normal state Especially __________ function

“________ hormone”_______ blood pressureDecreased immunityIncreased __________________Muscle & bone lossSuppressed thyroid function

Cortisol

From _________ glandT3 & T4, calcitonin

Generally increases __________________________ Respiration rate? Temperature? Appearance?

Increases ___________ & ________ of contraction

Thyroxine

Hypothalamus

Thyroid Gland

Thyroxine Control

Pituitary Gland