horizontal drilling in kansas current status and case histories presentation to the society of...
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasCurrent Status and Case Histories
Presentation to theSociety of Petroleum Engineers
Wichita Chapter
January 12, 2000
by
Paul GerlachResearch Scientist
Petroleum Research SectionKansas Geological Survey
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasCurrent Status and Case Histories
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasBackground
History of Horizontal Drilling1891 - First Patent Issued 1929 - First Horizontal Oil Well Drilled 1950’s - Development of Hydraulic Fracturing suppressed
need for Horizontal Wells 1970’s – used long radius technology to develop fields
w/o navigational technology 1980’s – Advances in Directional Technology to Steer
Offshore Wells 1985 – First Austin Chalk Well 1990 – approx. 1,500 Horizontal Wells Worldwide 2000 – Est. 20,000 Horizontal Wells Worldwide
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasBackground
What is a Horizontal Well ? No API Definition Any well put in a reservoir to expose as much permeability and porosity as possible A Controlled Directional Completion Procedure
Why Drill Horizontal Wells ? Produce Reserves not Drained by Vertical Wells Produce Reserves not Economic in Vertical Wells A More Efficient Use of Reservoir Drive Energy Provide better Rate of Return than Vertical Well
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasCurrent Status
Current Status of Non-Vertical Wells (November, 1999)
68 Approved “Intent to Drill” Applications
34 Horizontal Wells Confirmed 1 Horizontal Well Reported (not confirmed)
3 Deviated Wells Confirmed• many more but unreported
2 Slant (high angle) Wells Confirmed
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasDefinitions & Terms
Classification of Horizontal Wells
Horizontal Well Radius CategoriesTraditionally
Long - Medium - Short - UltrashortNo API Standard
CurrentlyClassified by Bend Rate of Curve
2o-8o / 100 Ft. – Long Radius8o-35o / 100 Ft. – Medium Radius1/2o-2o / Ft. – Short Radius
Determines:Lateral LengthSteering MethodCompletion TechniqueTreatment Methods
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasDefinitions & Terms
MWD - “Measurement While Drilling”Azimuth, Inclination, Measured Depth
LWD - “Logging While Drilling”most standard vertical hole e-logs
PIF - “Productivity Improvement Factor”multiplier of production increase over offset vertical wells
Common Terms used to Describe Horizontal Wells
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasDefinitions & Terms
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasOpening Remarks
Caveat ContemplorDetermining Success of a Horizontal Well
Requires:Assessing if Basic Criteria was Accomplished Where it is drilled….
geology - structure & stratigraphy Why it is drilled….
reservoir & drive mechanism What it is drilled for….
reservoir management How it is drilled….
well design, drilling, & completion
Operator Reporting Prevents Accurate Assessment
Inaccurate Incomplete Non-existent
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasCurrent Status
General Characteristics of the 34 Horizontal Wells 1st Horizontal Well in Kansas
Mar-1988, Phillips Petroleum, Trego Co.196 ft. Lateral in Marmaton Frmn.
Build Rate & Radius RangesShortest: 2.7o/ft. / 33 ft.Longest: 1.4o/100 ft. / 1087 ft.
Measured Depth / True Vertical DepthShallowest: 250 ft. / 200 ft.Deepest: 7969 ft. / 6190 ft.
Horizontal Lateral LengthShortest: 40 ft.Longest: 1877 ft.
Most Frequently Drilled FormationMississippian - Osage (7), St Louis (4), Spergen-Warsaw (3)
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasSpatial Distribution and Formation
Marm Miss ArbkMcClthBevierPeruChse Gas Stg
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasCurrent Status (December 2000)
024681012141618
Completions/Permitts
Year
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasCurrent Status
Horizontal Wells by Formation
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Gas Stg
Gas Stg
Mississippian, et al
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Azimuth of LateralHeel to Toe Direction
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0 15
30
45
60
75
90
105
120
135
150
165
180
195
210
225
240
255
270
285
300
315
330
345
360
Degrees from North
East South West NorthNorth
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCurrent Status
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasCurrent Status
Lateral Length
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000
Length (ft)
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasCurrent Status
TVD vs Lateral Length
-
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
- 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800 2,000
Lateral Length (ft)
Chase Group
Mississippian
Arbuckle
Viola
McClouth
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories
Marm Miss ArbkMcClthBevierPeruChse Gas Stg
Lost Springs
Riffe
Porter
Hugoton Wieland W Oppy S
Aldrich NE
Shuck
McClouth Field
Muhlheim
Coffeyville
Stillwell
Cunningham Gas Strg
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Winfield Formation
Toe Up
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Permian Chase FormationHorizontal - Vertical Productivity Comparison
273,612
306,915
1,000
10,000
100,000
1,000,000
Jan-94 Jul-94 Jan-95 Jul-95 Jan-96 Jul-96 Jan-97 Jul-97 Jan-98 Aug-98
Tate-Unrein 4 Mnthly. Rate
Avg. Offsetting Well Mnthly. Rate
Tate-Unrein 4 Cumulative
Avg. Offsetting Well Cumulative
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Winfield Formation
PIF: .89
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Osage Formation
Toe Up
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Osage Formation
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Mississippian Osage FormationHorizontal - Vertical Productivity Comparison
9,738
30,802
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
Jan-97 Jul-97 Jan-98 Jul-98 Jan-99 Jul-99
Avg. Offsetting Well Mnthly. Rate
Avg. Offsetting Well Cumulative
Antrim-Cossman 1HZ Mnthly. Rate
Antrim-Cossman 1HZ Cumulative
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Osage Formation
PIF: 3.1
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Osage Formation
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Mississippian Osage FormationHorizontal - Vertical Productivity Comparison
52,064
9,738
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
Jan-97 Jul-97 Jan-98 Jul-98 Jan-99 Jul-99
Billings 1 HZ Mnthly. Rate
Billings 1 HZ Cumulative
Avg. Offsetting Well Mnthly. Rate
Avg. Offsetting Well Cumulative
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Osage Formation
PIF: 5.3
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Spergen-Warsaw Formation
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Mississippian Spergen-Warsaw FormationHorizontal - Vertical Productivity Comparison
17,053
7,850
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
Jun-97 Dec-97 Jun-98 Dec-98 Jun-99 Dec-99
Shearer B 1-26H Mnthly. Rate
Shearer B 1-26H Cumulative
Avg. Offsetting Well Mnthly. Rate
Avg. Offsetting Well Cumulative
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Spergen-Warsaw Formation
PIF: 2.2
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - St. Louis Formation
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - St. Louis Formation
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Mississippian St Louis FormationHorizontal - Vertical Productivity Comparison
50,586
8,87113,407
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
Jan-96 Jul-96 Jan-97 Jul-97 Jan-98 Jul-98 Jan-99 Jul-99
McHargue Lease Mnthly. RateMcHargue Lease CumulativeAvg. Offsetting Well Mnthly. RateAvg. Offsetting Well Cumulative
Drill Horizontal Lateral in St. Louis Formation
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - St. Louis Formation
PIF: 3.1
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - McClouth Formation
Toe Up
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Atokan McClouth FormationHorizontal - Vertical Productivity Comparison
31,240
5,655
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
Jan-96 Jul-96 Jan-97 Jul-97 Jan-98 Jul-98 Jan-99 Jul-99
Seaver 9-H Mnthly Rate
Seaver 9-H Cumulative
Avg. Offsetting Well Mnthly. Rate
Avg. Offsetting Well Cumulative
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - McClouth Formation
PIF: 5.5
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Bevier Coal Formation
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Cherokee Bevier FormationHorizontal - Vertical Productivity Comparison
127,790
30,031
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
1,000,000
Jan-98 Jul-98 Jan-99 Jul-99
SW 14-15S-24E Lease Mnthly. Rate
SW 14-15S-24E Lease Cumulative
Avg. Offsetting Well Mnthly. Rate
Avg. Offsetting Well Cumulative
Drill Horizontal Laterals
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Bevier Coal Formation
PIF: 3.4
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Peru Formation
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Marmaton Peru FormationHorizontal - Vertical Comparison
224
385
1
10
100
1,000
Jan-92 Jul-92 Jan-93 Jul-93
Benning 1H Mnthly. Rate
Benning 1H Cumulative
Avg. Offsetting Well Mnthly. Rate
Avg. Offsetting Well Cumulative
Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Peru Formation
PIF: .58
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Arbuckle Formation
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Arbuckle Formation
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Marmaton Group
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasCase Histories - Viola Formation
Toe Up
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasConclusions
Currently a Mixed Bag of Successes and Failures
Best Performing ReservoirsAtokan Group - McClouth Best PIF: 5.5Mississippian - Osage Best PIF: 5.3 to 3.1Mississippian - St. Louis Best PIF: 3.1Cherokee Group - Bevier Coal Best PIF: 3.4Mississippian - Spergen-Warsaw Best PIF: 2.2
Poorest Performing ReservoirsMarmaton Group - Peru Best PIF: .58Chase Group Best PIF: .89
Most Horizontal Candidates not Properly ScreenedAll Reservoir’s w/ Low BHP & Kh Perform Poorly
Chase Group, Marmaton, Peru, some MississippianAll Reservoir’s w/ High Rcrvy. Eff. Perform Poorly
Arbuckle, some Mississippian
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasConclusions
Many Good Candidates not yet Tested
Thin Beds in Lansing-Kansas City
EOR in Multiple Reservoirs
SAG-D Thermal in Cherokee Sands of SE Kansas
Attic Oil in Large Structures (Ordv. and Miss.)
High BHP, Low Kh of Fractured Miss of SC Kansas
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasConculsions
Horizontal Drilling Activity by Yearin
Kansas and Canada
-
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
Year
Wel
ls D
rill
ed i
n C
anad
a
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Wel
ls D
rill
ed i
n K
ansa
s
Canada
Kansas
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Horizontal Drilling in KansasAcknowledgements
Petroleum Research SectionDr. Timothy Carr
Kansas Corporation CommissionConservation Division
Dave WilliamsDonna Dill