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DNA –based semiconductor devices

Presented byMohammad Honarparvar

Msc. Student of Sahand University of Technology

April 11, 2023

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STEP BY STEP

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OUTLINEIntroduction to nanotechnology applications in scientific domain applications in human life breakdown of nanotechnology in practical domain construction methodologies in nanoscale tools for nanotechnology dimensions of material in nanoscale significant material in nanoelectronics

Nanoelectronics

DNA-electronics electrical properties

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WHO WAS STARTER OF NANOTECHNOLOGY?

Rechard FeynmanU.S. physicist , Specialist of quantum theory,and winner of nobel prize (1965)

He started his lecture with this sentence:

“there are more space undrerneath”

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APPLICATIONS IN SCIENTIFIC DOMAIN

Nano technology

Nano electronics

Nano material

Nano physics

Nano chemistry

Nano biotechnology

Nano science

Nano computation

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APPLICATIONS IN HUMAN LIFE

Nano technology

ceramics

electronic devices

Energy

Metals

Surgery and medicine

Loom

Electronic warfare

Agriculture

etc.

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BREAKDOWN OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN PRACTICAL DOMAIN

Wet nanotechnology

Dry nanotechnology

Computation nanotechnology

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WHAT DOSE WET NANOTHECNOLOGY DISCUSS ABOUT?

Biological systems

Cell curtain Cell combinations Genetic systems etc.

for instance:Molecular motors that be able toInject drug to the cell

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DRY NANOTECHNOLOGY

COMBINATION OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY

Focus on the Carbon-based

constructions Silicon -based

constructions

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Wet nanotech.

Dry nanotech.

Semiconductor

s,electro

nic,magnet

ic ,and

optical devices

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COMPUTATION NANOTECHNOLOGY

Modeling Investigating

face of complex constructions

Predicting of material behavior in nano scale

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METHODS OF CONSTRUCTION

Up to down approach

micro(nano)machining

disadvantage: Losses of material, Impurity in mat. Disarray in mat.

Down to up approach

Self –assembling

Use in dna-electronics

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NANO TECHNOLOGY WILL DIE WITHOUT THESE TOOLS!

Measurement Tools

Scanning Probe Microscope(SPM) Scanning Tunneling Microscope(STM) Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM) Transmission Electron Microscope(TEM) Scanning Near-Field Optic Microscope Atomic Force Microscope(AFM)

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WE FOCUS ON THE AFM

CONSIDER THREE MODE

I. Contact mode

II. No contact mode

III. Tapping mode

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DIMENSIONS OF MATERIAL IN NANOSCALE

CATEGORIZED BY:

o Zero dimensional  

o One dimensional

o Two dimensional

o Three dimesional

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SIGNIFICANT MATERIAL IN NANOELECTRONICS

important material

Carbon

Diamond

DeoxyriboNucleic Acid(DNA)

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DIAMOND & GRAPHITE

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BUCKYBALL

APPLICATIONS Saving Ni or H for

producing electricity Arranging for using

in circuitry application

etc.

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Richard Buckminster fuller

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CARBON NANO TUBE(CNT)

WHAT IS CNT? HOW DOES FORM?

CNT can make by rolling graphite

Trisect : Armchair Zig-zag Chiral

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HOW IS ROLLING?

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CNT PROPERTIES

Small size(diameter smaller than 0.4 nmConductive or semi conductiveSupper conductive(under15 deg-k.) Ballistic electron transfer Producing voltage(use as sensor)etc.

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APPLICATIONS OF CNT IN NANOELECTRONICS

More important usage is in the Field Effect Transistor by CNT channel

wowSize

Speed(T. Hz)

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INTRODUCTION TO NANOELECTRONICS

In elec. devices we interested that:

Small sizeHigh speedHigh accuracyLow power dissipations

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MOORE’S LOW

In every eighteen month , size of the

transistor should be half !!!!!!!!!!

Existing method

Limitations Tunneling

What should we do?

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Statistical motion of electrons and atoms

Limitation in miniature

solutions

Single electron devices

Nanotube blocks

Spintronic circuit

DNA-based devices

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DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID ((DNA ))

What ?????

It is not a strange material

A macro molecule that

can be able to carry

genetic information

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Adenine

Thymine

Guanine

Cytosine

0.34 – 0.36 nm

Adenine

Guanine

Thymine

Cytosine

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DNA

Self-assemb

ling

Nano wire

Electrical propertie

s

Magnetic propertie

s

Conductivity

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RESEARCHING SUBJECTS IN NANOELECTRONICS

self-assemblingUse as memory

electrical properties of DNA (Conductivity)

ConductorSuperconductor NANOWIRE

Semiconductor MOSFETS

insulator INSULATTING MICROELECTRONIC CIRCUITE

Magnetically properties of DNA

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FOCUS ON THE ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES

Experimental Results:

Conductor (Fink and Schoenenberger 1999 ; Cai et al. 2000 ; Tran et al. 2000 ; Rakitin et al. 2001 ; Yoo et al.

2001)

Induced superconductor(Kasumov et al. 2001)

Semiconductor like behavior (Porath et al. 2000)

Insulator (Dunlap et al. 1993; Braun et al. 1998; de Pablo et al. 2000 ; Storm et al., 2001; Zhang et al. 2002)

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DISPARITY AMONGST THE RESULTS

Length of the DNA strandProbability to have conformational defects along the strand

SequenceIonization potential G<A<C<T

Contact between the DNA and the electrodesCharge injection / electron transmission through a

Potential barrier.

Interaction between the DNA and the surfaceDeformation of the conduction channel.

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AN ATTRACTIVE EXPERIMENT

Using photo electron Complexes Ruthenium streams photo in the absence of acceptor

BUTin the presence of acceptor, we observe decreasing photo

Complexes Ruthenium

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MANNER OF ELECTRON TRANSMISSION IN DNA

Charge transmission along the DNA fulfill between

G-C

Increasing Distancebetween Base pair

decreasing chargetransmission along DNA

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ESSENTIAL PROCEDURES OF CHARGE TRANSMISSION IN PHYSICAL PROSPECT

Ballistic

Thermal hopping

Sequential tunneling

Coherent and incoherent tunneling

A: thermal hoppingB: sequential tunnelingC: coherent tunneling

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Systematic researches on the DNA with deferentbase pair state that charges transmissionbetween one G-C to another G-C do by coherent tunneling trough A-T base pair

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FABRICATION OF NANO WIRE USING DNA

Molecular lithography

converting to conductor Ion metallization (Ag--Au--Pd--Pt)

Investigating with AFM

Derivation of characteristics

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FABRICATION OF NANO WIRE USING DNAMOLECULAR LITHOGRAPHY

The process of DNA metallization by metal ions

Ions that be used:Ag - Au - Pd - Pt

DNA molecule

Molecular lithography process

Nano wire

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FABRICATION OF NANO WIRE USING DNA INVESTIGATING WITH AFM

Measurement system of electrical properties

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EXPERIMENT PROCEDURE

Sample preparation

Substrate preparation

AFM

Dropping of DNA dropleton the substrate

In continue

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AFM TOPOGRAPHY

SEM

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DERIVATION OF CHARACTERISTICS

Vth

DNA I-V characteristic

Diode I-V characteristic

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CONCLUSION

o Self assembly propertieso Conductivity of DNAo Doping of DNA o …

Cause DNA becomes a candidate for today

electronic devices like as sensor,nanowire and etc.

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REFERENCES

[1] Young Sun and Ching-Hwa Kiang, “DNA-based Artificial Nanostructures:Fabrication, Properties, andApplications” , “Handbook of Nanostructured Biomaterials and Their Applications in

Nanobiotechnology,”Vol. 2 (ISBN: 1-58883-033-0), edited by Nalwa , American Scientific Publishers (2005), pp 224-246.

[2] Csaki, A., G. Maubach, D. Born, W. Fritzsche ,” DNA-Based Construction For Nanoelectronics”, LITHO 2004

13-16 June , 2004 Agelonde-France

[3] Claude Nogues , Sidney Cohen, Shirley Daube and Ron Naaman,” Electrical properties of DNA characterized

by conducting-atomic force microscopy.”

[4] J. S. Hwang, S. H. Hong , H. K. Kim, Y. W. Kwon , J. I. Jin, S. W. Hwang and D. Ahn,” Electrical TransportProperties of Au-Doped DNA Molecule” Extended Abstracts of the 2004 International Conference on Solid

State Devices and Materials, Tokyo, 2004,- 332 pp. 332-333

[5] Hezy Cohen, Claude Nogues Daniela Ullien, Tomer Sapir, Errez Shapir, Nataly Borovok, Tatiana Mototsky, Ron

Naaman, Rosa Di Felice, Juyeon Yi, Alexander Kotlyar, and Danny Porath,” Towards DNA- and Protein-BasedNanoelectronics”, XVII Symposium on Condensed Matter Physics - SFKM 2007, Vršac - Serbia

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REFERNCES

[6] Takahiko K. SASAKI, Asato IKEGAMI, Michika MOCHIZUKI, Nobuyuki AOKI and Yuichi OCHIAI,” Transport

Properties of DNA Molecules by Using Nano-Electrodes Based on Carbon Nanotube” Proc. 2nd Quantum

Transport Nano-Hana International Workshop IPAP Conf. Series 5 pp.97-100

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THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION

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QUESTION