homework5 - university of washingtoncourses.washington.edu/ess454/ess_454/homework_files/hw5... ·...

6
ESS 454 Homework set #5 1. Fetter Chapter 7 1 2. Fetter Chapter 7 2 3. Fetter Chapter 7 3 (Figures attached) Question 4 (Conductivity anisotropy, Darcy’s Law in 3 dimensions) The hydraulic gradient in a horizontal aquifer has a trend of N30E and a magnitude of .001 m/m. The aquifer is 1 meter thick sandstone with a hydraulic conductivity measured in the rock as 5x10 5 m/s . The sandstone has vertical fractures running northsouth with a spacing of 0.5 meters (2 fractures per meter) and an average fracture aperture (e) of 0.5 mm. The transmissivity (per unit fracture width) of a single fracture is given as 1. Express the hydraulic gradient as a vector using positive x as east and positive y as north and z is up. 2. What is the transmissivity of a single fracture (flow capacity per unit width)? 3. For water flow parallel to the fractures (NS), what is the formation transmissivity? (hint: look at page 100 in Fetter). What is the N—S hydraulic conductivity? 4. Construct a conductivity tensor for the aquifer. In words explain what the nonzero elements of the tensor describe. 5. For the given hydraulic gradient, determine the flow rate per unit area of aquifer and the direction of flow. Compare this direction with the gradient direction. 6. If the fractures ran N30W, determine the hydraulic conductivity tensor. (hint, the new tensor will be “rotated” into a new coordinate system relative the original tensor. ) 7. What is the aquifer flow rate and direction for the same (trending N30E) hydraulic gradient. (one more question may be added)

Upload: others

Post on 01-Oct-2020

1 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Homework5 - University of Washingtoncourses.washington.edu/ess454/ESS_454/Homework_files/HW5... · 2011. 4. 4. · Homework5 Author: Michael Brown Created Date: 4/28/2010 11:54:56

ESS  454  

Homework  set  #5  

 

1. Fetter  Chapter  7  1  2. Fetter  Chapter  7  2  3. Fetter  Chapter  7  3  

(Figures  attached)  

Question  4    (Conductivity  anisotropy,  Darcy’s  Law  in    3  dimensions)  

The  hydraulic  gradient  in  a  horizontal  aquifer  has  a  trend  of  N30E  and  a  magnitude  of  .001  m/m.  The  aquifer  is  1  meter  thick  sandstone  with  a  hydraulic  conductivity  measured  in  the  rock  as  5x10-­‐5  m/s  .    The  sandstone  has  vertical  fractures  running  north-­‐south  with  a  spacing  of  0.5  meters  (2  fractures  per  meter)  and  an  average  fracture  aperture    (e)  of  0.5  mm.  The  transmissivity  (per  unit  fracture  width)  of  a  single  fracture  is  given  as  

   

1. Express  the  hydraulic  gradient  as  a  vector  using  positive  x  as  east  and  positive  y  as  north  and  z  is  up.  

2. What  is  the  transmissivity  of  a  single  fracture  (flow  capacity  per  unit  width)?  3. For  water  flow  parallel  to  the  fractures  (N-­‐S),  what  is  the  formation  transmissivity?  

(hint:  look  at  page  100  in  Fetter).    What  is  the  N—S  hydraulic  conductivity?  4. Construct  a  conductivity  tensor  for  the  aquifer.    In  words  explain  what  the  non-­‐zero  

elements  of  the  tensor  describe.  5. For  the  given  hydraulic  gradient,  determine  the  flow  rate  per  unit  area  of  aquifer  

and  the  direction  of  flow.    Compare  this  direction  with  the  gradient  direction.  6. If  the  fractures  ran  N30W,    determine  the  hydraulic  conductivity  tensor.  (hint,  the  

new  tensor  will  be  “rotated”  into  a  new  coordinate  system  relative  the  original  tensor.  )  

7. What  is  the  aquifer  flow  rate  and  direction  for  the  same  (trending  N30E)  hydraulic  gradient.  

 

(one  more  question  may  be  added)  

Page 2: Homework5 - University of Washingtoncourses.washington.edu/ess454/ESS_454/Homework_files/HW5... · 2011. 4. 4. · Homework5 Author: Michael Brown Created Date: 4/28/2010 11:54:56
Page 3: Homework5 - University of Washingtoncourses.washington.edu/ess454/ESS_454/Homework_files/HW5... · 2011. 4. 4. · Homework5 Author: Michael Brown Created Date: 4/28/2010 11:54:56
Page 4: Homework5 - University of Washingtoncourses.washington.edu/ess454/ESS_454/Homework_files/HW5... · 2011. 4. 4. · Homework5 Author: Michael Brown Created Date: 4/28/2010 11:54:56
Page 5: Homework5 - University of Washingtoncourses.washington.edu/ess454/ESS_454/Homework_files/HW5... · 2011. 4. 4. · Homework5 Author: Michael Brown Created Date: 4/28/2010 11:54:56
Page 6: Homework5 - University of Washingtoncourses.washington.edu/ess454/ESS_454/Homework_files/HW5... · 2011. 4. 4. · Homework5 Author: Michael Brown Created Date: 4/28/2010 11:54:56