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Simulation Results

Double click a row in the optimization resultsto open the simulation results window for that system.The top of the window displays the components of the system and three outputs: the total net presentcost, levelized cost of energy, and operating cost.

This window contains the following tabs:

The Cost Summarytab displays the total cash flow, categorized either by component or bycost type.

The Cash Flowtab shows the year-by-year cash flows and provides access to the detailed cashflowtable.

The Electricaltab displays details about the production and consumption of electricity by thesystem.

The Thermaltab shows details about the production and consumption of thermal energy by thesystem (if the system contains a thermal load).

The PVtab shows details about the operation of the PV array if the system contains one. The Wind Turbinetab shows details about the operation of the wind turbine if the system

contains one.

The Hydrotab shows details about the operation of the hydro turbine if the system containsone.

The Generatortab shows details about the operation of the generator if the system containsone.

The Gridtab shows details about the purchases from and sales to the grid if the system is grid-connected, or about thebreakeven grid extensionif the system is not grid-connected.

The Batterytab shows details about the use and expected lifetime of the battery. The Convertertab shows details about the operation of the inverter and rectifier, including

capacity, electrical input and output, hours of operation, and losses. The Emissionstab displays the annual pollutants emitted by the system. The Hourly Datatab allows you to analyze those variables that are stored for each hour of the

year. For a system with a hydrogen fuel cell, the FC tab displays fuel cell output. When the system

includes an electrolyzer and storage tank, the Hydrogen, and H2 Tanktabs display hydrogenproduction and storage details respectively.

Written by: Tom Lambert ([email protected])

Last modified: June 5, 2008

Optimization Results

For each sensitivity casethat it solves, HOMER simulates every system in the search spaceandranks all the feasiblesystems according to increasing net present cost. The Optimization Results tabof HOMER's main window displays that list of systems.

You can get to the Optimization Results tab by clicking directly on it, or by clicking on a row in thetabularsensitivity outputs. Sensitivity variables appear in drop-down boxes at the top of the tab.

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Page 1 of 4Simulation Results

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Choose the sensitivity case by selecting a value from each drop-down box. HOMER updates the listof systems each time you make a selection from one of the drop-down boxes.

The radio buttons at the top of the list of optimization results let you filter the list of feasible systemsaccording to system type. The two choices, Overall and Categorized, are explained below.

OverallIf you choose to display the overall system rankings, HOMER shows the top-ranked systemconfigurationsaccording to net present cost. (You can set the maximum size of this list in thePreferenceswindow.) An example is shown below. If you look closely, you'll see that the iconsindicate the presence of each type of component under consideration. In this example the iconsindicate the presence of, from left to right: PV panels, wind turbines, the diesel generator, batteries,and the converter. To the right are several columns that indicate the sizes and quantities of thecomponents, plus a few summary values drawn from the simulation results of the least-cost system,such as the total capital cost, total net present cost, and levelized cost of energy.

Tip: Double click any system in the list to see detailed Simulation Results.

Categorized

The overall rankings are typically dominated by two or three system types. In the above example, thetop systems are all either wind/generator/battery or PV/wind/generator/battery systems. For a

broader comparison, click the ratio button labeled Categorized. The categorized rankings show theleast-cost system of each type. In the example shown below, the top-ranked system corresponds to

the top-ranked system in the overall rankings shown above. But the second system listed correspondsto the third-place system in the overall rankings, because the second-place system in the overallrankings was of the same type as the first-place system. The fifth and ninth systems in thecategorized rankings are interesting for comparison because they represent the least-cost pure dieseland completely renewable-powered systems, respectively. They would both appear so far down theoverall rankings that they would be hard to see. But the categorized rankings makes it easy tocompare these systems with the other alternatives.

Tip: Double click any system in the list to see detailed Simulation Results.

See also

Sensitivity results

Written by: Tom Lambert ([email protected])Last modified: May 6, 2004

Sensitivity Results

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A sensitivity analysiscan result in a huge amount of output data. Every simulation that HOMERperforms results in several dozen summary outputs (like the annual fuel consumption and the totalcapital cost) plus about a dozen arrays of hourly data (like the hourly output of the wind turbine).HOMER typically performs hundreds or thousands of these simulations persensitivity case, and asensitivity analysis can easily involve hundreds of sensitivity cases. We designed HOMER's graphicand tabular output capabilities to let you efficiently analyze all that data.

Tabular

The tabular sensitivity results consist of a list showing the least-cost systemfor each sensitivity case.In the example shown below, the first two columns display the values of the two sensitivityvariables: the wind speed and the diesel fuel price. The next five columns contain icons indicatingthe presence in the least-cost system of the five components under consideration. From left to right,they are PV panels, wind turbines, the diesel generator, batteries, and the converter. Following areseveral columns that indicate the sizes and quantities of the components under consideration, plus afew summary values drawn from the simulation results of the least-cost system, such as the totalcapital cost, total net present cost, and levelized cost of energy.

You can double click on any row in the table to jump to the optimization resultsfor that sensitivitycase. That lets you see the sub-optimal systems (the ones that were not least cost) and view thesimulation resultsfor any of the ranked systems.

Graphic

When the analysis involves more than one sensitivity variable, a graph often conveys the results in amore meaningful way than a table can. You can create three types of graphs: optimal system type

charts, surface plots, and line graphs. These graphs are drawn right on the Sensitivity Results tab, butyou can also create them in their own resizable windows by clicking the button labeled NewWindow. A right-click on any graph allows you to change its properties, copy it to the clipboard, orsave it as an image file.

The optimal system type (OST) graph gives the highest-level view of the sensitivity results. It showsthe least-cost type of system (diesel-battery is one type of system, wind-diesel-battery is another)versus two sensitivity variables. The example below shows the same information we just saw in thetabular display above. The graphic format makes it easier to see under which conditions the differenttypes of systems are optimal. Diamonds indicate points where HOMER actually solved for the least-cost system. All other points are colored using interpolation.

If you choose to plot any variable other than the optimal system type versus two sensitivity variables,HOMER creates a surface plot. The example shown below plots the levelized cost of energy versusthe same axes used in the optimal system type graph shown above. As in the OST graph, diamondsindicate points where HOMER actually solved for the least-cost system. The levelized cost of energyat all other points is inferred by interpolation.

HOMER creates line graphs to plot one output variable versus one single sensivity variable. Theexample shown below plots the levelized cost of energy versus the diesel fuel price. This is a subset




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of the results shown in the above surface plot, with the wind speed fixed at 6 m/s. The diamondsindicate points where HOMER actually solved for the least-cost system.

Written by: Tom Lambert ([email protected])

Last modified: May 6, 2004


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