hmobile production systems and marginal field development production systems.pdf · examining...
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Examining Mobile Offshore Production Systems and Marginal Field Development
Gas/Electric PartnershipFebruary 6, 2013
Joe Lovett Bruce Crager
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1. Deepwater drilling began long before we had production capability
2. Time and depth gap between drilling and production is closing
3. 10,000’ has been the water depth threshold for almost 10 years
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Issues Driving Use of Mobile Offshore Production Systems (MOPS):• Water Depth• Gas or Oil Production (Primary Function)• Geographical Location • Oil Export Options• Gas Usage / Export Options• Fabrication• Wellhead Location (Surface, Subsea or both)
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COURTESY OF: MUSTANG ENGINEERING
Production System TypesSolutions for Recovery of Offshore Oil & Gas
Three System Groups:1. Dry Tree Systems – Fixed Platform, Production Jackup, Complaint Tower, TLP, SPAR2. Wet Tree Systems – New Gen. TLPs, Conventional TLPs, FPSOs, Cell SPAR, Control Buoy, SS
Tiebacks, Semi-FPS3. Mixed Dry / Wet Tree Systems – Fixed Platforms, New Gen, TLPs, Conventional TLPs, SPAR
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Jackup Production Unit (JPU)
Operating 40
First 1971, Gulftide, Ekofisk
Deepest Harding, UK, 400 ft
Depth Range 43 ft – 400 ft
Construction 2
Locations Worldwide
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FPS - Semi Submersible
Operating 49
Stacked 4
First 1975, Argyll, Hamilton
Deepest7,920 ftMC920 Independence Hub
Construction 3
Locations Worldwide
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FPSO
Operating 207
Stacked 13
First 1977, Castellon, Shell
Deepest8,500 ftPetrobras, Cascade in GOM
Construction 39
Locations Worldwide
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TLP
Operating 25
First 1984, Hutton, Conoco
Deepest4,674 ftMagnolia, GB783/84
Construction 3
LocationsNorth Sea, Angola, Gulf of Mexico, Indonesia andEquatorial Guinea
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SPAR
Operating 18
First 1996, Neptune, VK 826
Deepest8,008 ftPerdidoAlaminos Canyon 857
Design /Construction
5
Locations Gulf of Mexico, Malaysia
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FPS By Type
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007 2011 2015
TLPSparFPSSFPSOLinear (FPSO (% of total))
Source: Douglas-Westwood
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Source: Quest
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016TLP 0 1 1 1 0FLNG 0 0 1 1 0Spar 0 1 3 0 1FPS-Semi 1 1 3 1 1FPSO 13 11 12 16 22
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Num
ber o
f FPS
Uni
ts
Startup Year
Worldwide Forecast Floating Activity by Startup Year 2015-2016eShare by FPS Type (Mean Case)
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FPSO Construction
Source: Quest
Newbuilds37%
Conversions63%
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FPSO Ownership
Operator Owned
44%Contractor
Owned56%
Source: Quest
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FPSO Contractor Fleet and Current Orders
0 5 10 15 20 25
M3nergyAker
PremudaTanker Pacific
SevanMISCPTSCEmas
MaerskSaipem
CNOOC EnerTechFred. Olsen
PetrofacRubicon
Bumi ArmadaBluewater
Teekay PetrojarlModec
BW OffshoreSBM
On ContractUnemployedOn OrderOther FPS
2015
1310
55
Source: Fearnley Offshore
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Advent of Floating Production, Storage and Offloading Systems (FPSO)FPSOs were originally considered an economical solution for the production of marginal fields that otherwise might not be produced.
Later, FPSOs became an essential component in developing remote offshore fields as Early Production Systems (EPS) with increasing production capacity, numbers of risers, and ever increasing water depths which now allow their utilization as full field production facilities.
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FPSO CastellonShell Spain
Castellon Field, Offshore Spain 1976 – 1986
Tanker Size 60,000 DWTStorage Capacity 420,000 bblsWater Depth 384 ftProduction Rate 20,000 bbls/dayRiser Single 4” IDMooring System Single Anchor Leg
System (SALS)
Offloading Side by SideContract SBM Turkey
Supply of Mooring System
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FPSO IIAmoco International
Cadlao Field, Offshore Philippines1981 - 1991
Tanker Size 127,000 DWTStorage Capacity 720,000 bblsWater Depth 310 ftProduction Rate 30,000 bbls/dayRiser 2 x 6” ID FlexibleMooring System Single Buoy Storage
System (SBS) 6 Legs
Offloading TandemContract SBM Turkey
System Supply with Lease and Operations
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FPSO VIAshland Oil
OPL 98 Concession, Offshore Nigeria1985 - 1998
Tanker Size 285,000 DWTStorage Capacity 1,750,000 bblsWater Depth 135 ftProduction Rate 40,000 bbls/dayMooring System Jacket Soft Yoke
Offloading TandemContract SBM Turkey
System Supply with Lease and Operations
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FPSO Jabiru VentureBHP Petroleum
Jabiru Field, Timor Sea Offshore Australia1986 - 2010
Tanker Size 160,000 DWTStorage Capacity 845,000 bblsWater Depth 400 ftProduction Rate 27,000 bbls/dayMooring System Ext. Disconnectable
Turret Riser (Industry’s first) with 8 flow paths, 6 chain legs, connected to universal joint at bow
Offloading TandemContract SBM Turnkey Supply of
Disconnectable Rider Mooring System
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Ocean ProducerAmoco
Gabon Sonangol - Kiabo, Canuku - Angola1969 / 1991
Owner OceaneeringScrapped 2010
Operating Water Depth 15m – 53m
Number of Locations 3
Max Liquid Handling 25,000 bpd
Oil Storage Capacity 510,000 bbls
Mooring System Type
Disconnectable6 Point Spread / 8 Point Spread
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Zafiro ProducerExxonMobil
Zafiro Block B, Equatorial Guinea1973 / 1996
Owner ExxonMobil
Operating Water Depth 180 meters
Number of Locations 1
Max Liquid Handling 80,000 BOPD
Oil Storage Capacity 1.9 Million Barrels
Mooring System Type 12 Point Spread
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Zafiro Producer
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Zafiro ProducerUpgades
Waterflood 120,000 BWPDSlug Catchers 2@ 60,000 BWPD eachPower 12 MWCompression 15,000 HPAccommodations 58 Person AdditionalHull Steel Replaced in field, 200 TonsIncreased Life From 5 – 15 yrs.
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FPSO EspadartePetrobras
Espadarte Field, Offshore Brazil1997-2001
Tanker Size 285,000 DWT
Storage Capacity 1,750,000 bbls
Water Depth 2,625 ft.
Production Rate 100,000 bbls/dayMooring System 33 flexibles, 14 umbilicalsOffloading TandemMooring System Internal TurretContract SBM Turnkey Supply,
re-refurbishment, lease, operate
Note: FPSO now re-refurbished for 3rd relocation to Baleia Azul Field, Brazil
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LPG FPSO Sanha Chevron AngolaSanha Field, Angola
2005 - PresentVessel Size 94,000 DWTStorage Cap. 135,000 m3
Water Depth 190 ft.
ProductionRate
37,370 bbls lpg/day (nearby platform) Depropanizer Separ. Propane & Butane
Riser2 x 6” LPG Flexible1 x 4” Fuel Gas,Umbilical
Offloading TandemMooring System External Turret
Contract Owned by Sonasing, operated by OPS
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FPSO Kizomba BExxonMobil
Kizomba B Field, Angola
Vessel Size 375,000 DWT
Storage Cap. 2,200,000 bbls
Water Depth 3,332 ft.
ProductionRate 250,000 bbls/day
Riser 23 Flexibles, Umbilicals
Offloading CALM Buoy
Mooring System Spread Moored
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Sevan PiranemaPetrobras
Piranema, Brazil2007
Owner Sevan Marine
Operating Water Depth
1,090 meters (1,600 - Phase 2)
Number of Locations 1
Max Liquid Handling 30 MBOPD
Oil Storage Capacity 250 MBBLs
Mooring System Type 9 Point Spread
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Dynamic ProducerPetrobras
Carioca, Brazil1987 / 2009
Owner Petroserv
Operating Water Depth 200-2,500 meters
Number of Locations Multiple
Max Liquid Handling 30,000 bpd
Oil Storage Capacity 300,000 barrels
Mooring System Type Dynamic Positioning
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AzuriteMurphy
Azurite, Republic of the Congo1998 / 2009
Owner BW Offshore
Operating Water Depth 1,400 meters
Number of Locations 1
Max Liquid Handling 60,000 BOPD
Oil Storage Capacity 1.3 MBBLs
Mooring System Type Spread
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FPSO P-57Petrobras
Jubarte Field, Brazil2010 – Present
Vessel Size 225,000 DWTStorage Cap. 2,300,000 bblsWater Depth 4,265 ft.ProductionRate 180,000 bopd
Total Liquids 300,000 bbls/day
Riser 49 Flexibles31 Umbilicals
Offloading TandemMooring SystemMoored
Spread
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BW PioneerPetrobras
Cascade Chinook, US GOM1992 / 2010 Converted
Owner BW Offshore
Operating Water Depth 2,600 meters
Number of Locations 1
Max Liquid Handling 80 MBOPD
Oil Storage Capacity 600 MBBLs
Mooring System Type 10 Leg Spread
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Conclusions
• FPSO’s come in many shapes and sizes• FPSO’s can support marginal projects as well as large
projects• Benefits of FPSO’s:
– FPSO’s are not patented and can be used by anyone– Redeployment of FPSO’s is common and cost effective– There is a robust market supply of leased FPSO’s– FPSO’s can be fully commissioned before leaving the
shipyard