SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC S.A.

HLTONG DAN THIETKELAPDATOIEN

Theo tieu chudn quoc te lEC

(In Idn tMS c6 chinh sua)

Ngudi dick

Phan Thj Thanh Binh, Phan Quoc Dung, Pham Quang Vinh, Phan Thi Thu Van Phan Ke Phuc, Nguyen Van Nhd, DUdng Lan HUdng, Bui Ngoc Thu To HQU Phuc, Nguyen Ba Ban, Nguyen Thj Quang, Ngo Hai Thanh

! DAI HOC QUOC GIA HA NQI TRUNG TAM THONG TIN THlfVlgN

NHA XUAT BAN KHOA HOC VA KY THUAT

HA NOI - 2006

MIJCLUC

1. Ldi tUa Lcfi ffidi thieu

3. Cam la 4. Muc luc

Tranu

3 5 9

MLl

CHLfdNG B TONG QUAN - CONG SUAT DAT B1

1 PhUtfng phap luan Bj 2 Cac qui tac va qui dinh B5 2.1 Xac dinh cap dien ap 35 2.2 Cac qui dinh B7 2.3 Cac lieu chuan B7

2.4 Chat li/dng va tinh an toan cua mang cung cap dien BIO 2.5 Kiem tra ban dau cua mot mang dien B11 2.6 Kiem tra dinh ky mang dien B12

L

2.7 SU phu hdp (vdi cac tieu chuan va dac diem ky thuat) cua B13 thiel bi di/dc siir dung trong mang dien

3 Dong cd, phu tii nhiet va chieu sang B15 3.1 Dong cd cam uTng 3.2 Dong cd mot chieu

B16 B18

3.3 Cac Ihiet bi nhiet kieu dien trcf va den nung sang (loai B23 halogen hoac thong dung)

3.4 Den huynh quang va cdc thie't bi lien quan B25 3.5 Den phong dien 4 Cong suSfl tii ciia \M6\ 4.1 Cong suat dat (kW)

B27 B29 B30

MLl

B3I

C18 C21 C25 C26 C29

, , Cto" sual dM bieu kian (kVA) ^^^ •; Tl .oanc6ngsua-.yeucau,h^ ^^

44 V, du sMung cac he s6 ku va ks ^^ 4<i HSsokhdngd^ngthai g j^

4 6 ChonlUac6ngsuaimayb.enap ^^^ 4^ Chon Wa nguSn cung cap dien

cESBffiNAPPHANPHdlTRUNG/.IA C,

1 Nguon trung ap . . . . . n U Dac tinh cung cap cua « phan phoi trung ap CI 1 -> Sd do ket lUdi phia trung ap 1.3 Mot vai khia canh van hanh \M6\ phan phoi trung ap

2 Tram khach hang 2.1 Cac trinh tU thiet lap mot tram dien mdi

3 Cac sd do bao ve tram 3.1 Bao ve chong dien giat va qua dien ap ^^^

CM 3.2 Bao ve dien ^ 3.3 Bao ve chong anh hUcfng ciia qua nhiet dp ^^° 3.4 Lien dong va cac dieu khien c6 dieu kien - 4 Tram bien ap khach hang vdi phan do lUdng phia ha ap C64 4.1 Tongquan ^ ^ 4.2 Chon tu, bang C65

4.3 Chon lUa panel dong cat trung ap cho mach may bien ap C70 4.4 LUa chon bien ap trung /ha ^^^ 5 Tram bien ap khach hang vdi phln do lUdng phia trung ap C82 5.1 Tongquan C82 5.2 Chon cac bang dien C86

5.3 Van hanh song song cac may bien ap ^^^ 6 Cach thie'i lap cac tram bien ap phan phoi trung / ha ap ^'^ 6.1 Cac kieu tram khac nhau ^^^ 6.2 Tram irong nha vdi cac thie't bi dong cit kilu hdp bo c6 v6 C93

ML2

bpc bang kirn loai *

CHUaNGD CAC KIEU NOI MANC

1 Lildi ha ap cong cong 1.1 Ho tieu thu dien ap thap 1.2 LU('yi phan pho'i ha ap 1.3 Ket lUdi khach hano

khan

tii dong

4 Vi tri lap dat tu 4.1 Bij tap trung

Dll D16 D20 D23

1.4 Chat lUdng dien ap 2 Gia dien va do li/dng

CHLfaNG E

CAI THEN HE SO CONG S 1 Cai thien he so' cong suat 1.1 Ban chat cua nang liTdng phar

1.2 Cac may dien va thie't bi tieu thu cong sua't phan khang 1.3 He so'cong suat 1.4 tgcp

1.5 Do he so'cong sua't £g

1.6 Cac gia tri thiTc te ciia he so cong sua't E9 2 Tai sao can cai thien he so cong suat E11

Ell

El El El E3 E5 E8

2.1 Giam gia thanh dien 2.2 Tdi ifti hoa kinh te - ky tl 3 Cai thien he so' cong sua 3.1 Cac nguyen ly ly thuyet 3.2 Cac thie't bi bu cong suaft 3.3 Lifa chon phifdng an bu nen (c6' dinh ) hoac bu dieu khien E19

E12 E14 E14 E16

E20 E20

4.2 BiJ nhom (tiifng phan doan ) E21 4.3 Bu rieng ^*"'

MLS

5 Mtfc dp bu loi im

5 1 Phififng pliap chung _ 5 - Ph^ng phap |inh dc|n gmn ^ ^ ^ ^__^^ ^^^^ ^^^

^ : : p S £ : i n ; L , h e o a r e u k i e „ g . . n , b . , c a n g s u .

bieu kien cifc dai dang ky ^ 6 Bu tai cac tram dat may bien ap ^

6.1 Bu nang cao kha nang tai cong suat

6.2 Bu cong suat phan khang cho may bien ap

7 Bu cong suat tai dau vao dong cd cam uTng

7.1 Van de mac bo tu bu va chinh dinh bao ve

7.2 Bien phap tranh hien ti/dng tif kich thich cua dong cd cam vfnn iJng

8 Vi du mot mang dien trufdc va sau kJii bu cong suat

9 Anh hudng ciia song hai den dinh mifc dung li/dng bu

9.1 Cac van de do cac song hai trong he thong dien gay ra

9.2 Cac bien phap giai quyet thifc te 9.3 Chon phUdng an toi ifti

9.4 Cac anh hudng ciia tu bu len he thcTng dien

10 Cac vain d^ b6 sung Uen quan d^n tu bu 10.1 Tu dien

10.2 Chon mach bao ve, mach di eu khie'n va cap ndi

CHUdNG F

u phan pho, ha ap chinh

i T:"h -t,ccun;c ^^^^^^^^

E24

E24

E25

E28

E29

E31

E31

E34

E39

E39

E40

E44

E45

E45

E46

E48

E50

E51

E51

E53

'g

Fl

Fl

Fl

F6

F7

F8

F8

Fl^

ML4

3 Cac he tho'ng dien an loan phuc vu khi su a^endif phong " • ^^^ ^^ CO v i •z;^ V

nguon F30 ^l He tho'ng dien an loan

3-2 Cac ngu^nphat dien dir phono F30 3.3 3.4

Chon lira va dac tinh cua cac Lu>^n ^ - ^ P31 Chon l^a va dac tinh cua cac n T ' f • ' " ^ ^ ' ' " ^ F33 Cac m«v . , . . . ; . : . . ^ ' ^ ' "Suon dien kliac ' ' 3.5 Cac may phat tai cho

4 Sd do noi dat 4.1 Noi dat 4.2

4.3 Dac tinh

4.4.1 Cac tieu chuan chon li/a 4.4.2 So sanh cac tieu chuan

4.5 Chon lira each no'i da't - Bien phap th^c hien

4.6 Lap dat va do lu'dng dien circ no'i da't ^ Tii phan phoi

5.1 Cac loai tu phan phoi 5.2 Cac ky thuat l^p rap tu phan pho'i chiTc nano

r'A^ t:^.. ,.i-._A> ^

tn/dng 7.1 Phan loai

7.2 Bao ve dung tii: ky hieu IP

CHLfaNG

GL4T

>

F35 F35 F38

Bjnh nghia cac he tho'ng no'i da't chuin ^^^

5.3 Cac tieu chuan

5.4 Bieu khien trung tam 6 Cac day phan phoi 6.1 Mieu ta va each chon lira 6.2 Ong dan, day dan va day cap F83 7 T a c dona ri'ia mni tnfrrTirt n*T/-.s; r m

F43 F47 F59 F61 F63 F65 F74 F74 F77 F79 F81 F8I F8I

F91 F92 F93

1 Tong quan 1.1 Dien giat '

* _

1.2 Cham trirc tiep va chamgian tiep Ci2

01 Gl Gl

ML5

2 2.1 2.2 3

^ ' 3.1

3.2 3.3 3.4

3.5

Bao vd cho'ng Cham dien tn/c Uep c L bien phap bao ve chong Cham dien true tiep ^

B^an ph J b / s u n g cho bao ve eh^ng ch.m di.n trUc tiep

Bio ve cho'ng cham dien gian tiep ^ Cac bien phap bao ve bKng each t^ dong cat nguon

cung cap ,. , TU dong c^t ngu-on do'i vdi mang noi dat kieu TT TU dono cat ngu^n do'i vdi mang dUdc noi dat kieu TN TU dong ck nguon khi bi cham da't tai hai diem trong mach n^i da't kilu IT . , _ , Cac bien phap bao ve cho'ng cham dien trUc Hep va gian

tiep khong can eat mach 4 Bien phap thUc hien sd do TT 4.1 Cac bien phap bao ve

4.2 Cac loai RCD 4.3 Phoi hdp giUa cac thie't bi bao ve so lech 5 Bien phap thUc hien mang TN 5.1 NhUng dieu kien lien quyet 5.2 Bao ve chong cham dien gian tiep 5.3 Cac thie't bi chong dong ro CO do nhay cao

5.4 Bao ve nhUng vi trl dac biet c6 nguy cd chay 5.5 Khi long trd mach sU eo dac biet Idn 6 Bien phap IhUc hien sd do IT 6.1 Nhffng dieu kien tien quyet 6.2 Bao ve chong cham dien gian tiep 6.3 Cac RCD CO dp nhay cao 6.4 6 nhUng ndi c6 moi nguy hiem hoa hoan cao 6.5 Khi long trd mach vong sU eo dac biet Idn 7 Cac thiel bi bao ve dong ro Iheo nguyen tac so lech (RCD) 7.1 Mota 7.2 Cng dung ciia RCD 7.3 Chon cac die tinh ciia CB chong dong ro

03 04 06 07 09

on G13 019

G27

G35 G35 G38 G41 G44 044 G45 054 055 055 057 058 059 068 G69 069 G7l 071 G72 078

ML6

( Residual - Currcn! Circuit Breaker - RCCB - lEC 1008)

V , <• 1 , - V

ciia day dan 2.1 Khai niem chung

Hl-1

CHUdNG H BAO VE Ll/6l - THIET BI DONG CAT PHAN HI BAO VE LLfCfl

« -

a

1 Khai niem chung 1.1 PhUdng phap luan va cac dinh nghia Hl-1 1.2 Nguyen ly bao ve qud dong ni-5 1.3 Cac gia tri thUc dung cho he thong bao ve Hl-7 1.4 Vj tri dat cac thie't bi bao ve Hl-IO 1.5 Cap mac song song H1 -12 1.6 Vi du minh hoa tinh loan cap HI-12

2 PhUdng phap thUc te xac dinh tiet dien nho nhat cho phep HI -21

Hl-21 2.2 Xac dinh cd day do'i vdi cap khong chon dUdi da't Hl-23 2.3 Xac dinh c^ day cho dSy chon dUdi dat HI-30 3 Xac dinh do sut ap HI-35 3.1 Do sut ap Idn nhat cho phep Hl-35 3.2 Tinh loan sut ap d dieu kien on dinli HI-37 4 Tinh ngan mach H1 -43 4.1 Ngan mach tai Ihanh cai ha ap cua bien ap phan phoi H1 -43 4.2 Ngan mach 3 pha (I c) tai diem bat ky ciia lUdi ha ap H1 -46 4.3 Xac dinh dong ngan mach theo ngan mach dau day 111-53 4.4 Dong ngan mach cua may phat hoac bo chinh lUu HI-56 5 Cac trUdng hdp dac biet ciia dong ngan mach H1 -56 5.1 Tinh loan mUc dong ngan mach nho nhat H1 -56 5.2 Kiem tra klia nang chiu nhiet cua cap trong dieu kien ngan H1-66

mach 6 Day noi dat bao ve (PE) HI-68 6.1 Cach mac va chon lUa day H1-68 6.2 Kich cd ciia day

ML 7

DAI HOC QUOC GIA HA 1

TRUNG TAM T H O N G TIN THUVIEN

M-7)0 \u^2l^

CHLfdNO J CAC NGUON VA TAI DAC BIET

1 Bao ve mang cap dien lU may phat dien 1.1 May phat dien khi c6 ngan mach 1.2 Bao ve cac mach quan trong dUde cap dien tU may ph^t

dien khi c6 sU eo 1.3 LUa chon bo tac dong

ML8

, , oay b . o v . g i . a c . c m . y bien .P phan pwaiv.

6.4 Day dang the ^^^^ 7 Day trung tinh 7.1 Tie't dien day trung tinh ^^ 7 2 Bao ve day trung tinh ^ •

PHAN H2 THIET BI DONG CAT H2-1

1 C^chUc nang cd bin cua thie't hi dong c.t h . ap H2,

LI Bao ve dien ^^^^ 1.2 Cachly , """ 1.3 Dieu khien thiel bj dong cat " - -2 Thiet hi dong cat va cau chi ^-"^ 2.1 Cac thiet bi dong cat cd ban ^2-7 2 2 Cac to hdp thiel bi d6ng cat H2-19

3. Chon thiet bi dong cat 3.1 Cac chUe nang dUde thife hien ^--^2 3.2 Chon kieu thiet bi dong eat ^^'^^ 4. May cat ha ap (CB) ^-"-^ 4.1 Tieu chuan va mo la ^^'^^ 4.2 Dac tinh cd ban ciia mot CB ^ '- ^ 4.3 Cac dac tinh khac cua mot CB ^ -34

4.4 ChonCB ^^'^^ 4.5 SU phoi hdp cac CB ^ -50 4.6 Bao ve chon Ipe trong tram bien ap khach hang trung/ ha n- ' "

1.4 Cac phUdng phap tinh loan gan dung j i ,

1.5 Bao ve may phat xoay chieu di dong va dU phong j 17 2 Bo nghich lUu va bo lifti dien (UPS) j 1 j^ 2.1 Bo nghich lUU la gl? 9 9 2 Cac dang he tho'ng UPS

/? 2.3 Tieu chuan

2.4 Lira chon he tho'ng UPS

2.6 DiTa UPS vao hoat dong 2.7 Sd do noi dat

2.9 Chon sd do bao ve • •

2.10Thie'tbiphutrd 3 Bao ve bien ap ha ap / ha ap

>? • 1 • ,K'

ciia Merlin-Gerin 4 Mach chieu sang 4.1 Tinh lien tuc hoat dong

4.2 Den va phu kien

4.3 Mach va bao ve mach 4.4 Xac dinh dong dinh mtfc CB

5.2 Cac tieu chuin

ML9

J18 J19 J23 J23

2.5 He tho'ng UPS va moi trufdng cua no j27

J30 J33

2.8 Chon day cap mach chinh va phu, cap cho acquy J38

J43

J46 J47

3.1 Dong dong may bien ap J48

3.2 Bao ve mach cung cap ciia bien ap ha ap / ha ap J49

3.3 Dac tinh dien tieu bieu ciia bien ap ha ap / ha ap 50Hz J50 3.4 Bao ve bien ap vdi dac tinh theo bang J3-5 5 tren bang CB J51

J55

J55

J57

J57

J59

4.5 Chon thie't bi dong cat va dieu khien J62 4.6 Bao ve mach chieu sang vdi dien ap cUc thap J63

4.7 Nguon cung cap cho chieu sang sU c6' -165 5 Cac dong cd khong dong bo ^^°

5.1 Cac chUc nang bao ve va dieu khien can thie't J^^ J73

5.3 Cac sd do bao ve cd ban: CB/Contactor/Rdle nhiet J73 5.4 Bao ve phong ngCfa hoac gidi han J80

5 5 Dinh mUc cong suat Idn nha't dong cd dung cho tdi ha ap

5 6 Bu cong suat phan khangjhieu chinh he so coscp)

6 Bao veludi dien mot chieu

6 1 Dong ngan mach 6.2 Dac diem ro dien do hU hong each dien va thiet bi dong c^t

bao ve 6.3 Chon thiet bi bao ve

6.4 Vidu 6.5 BaovengUdi

CHLfdNO L

LAP DAT DIEN DAN DUNG VA CAC VI TRI

DAC BIET

1 Lap dat dien dan dung

1.1 Khai quat

1.2 Cac thanh phan cua tii phan phoi 1.3 Bao ve an loan

1.4 Cac mach dien

1.5 Bao v$ qua dien ap va chong set 2 Nha lam va voi sen

2.1 Phan loai cac vung 2.2 Ludi dang ap

2.3 Cac yeu ^ u cho mSi vung

3 ^ - W pham ap dung cho ludi CO vi tri dac biat

PHU LUC Phu luc C

3- Gian d6 vecw c6„. h ^ ' " ' ! ' * ' • ° ' '^"8 'f '^S'cham 6it

LI

LI

L2

L6

LIO

L12

L15

L15

L18

L19

LI9

PLC-l PLC-1

PLC-6

PLC-1- PLC-16

MLIO

Phu luc J

1. Dac tinh ngan mach ciia may phat 2. TU(fng hdp dien tiT (EMC) 1 Cac qui tac va dieu Ic 2 Nhieu dien tiT

«

2.1 Nhieu do truyen dan 2.2 BUc xa

PI C-4' 3 Di cap cho thiet bi va he thong PI r zi i 3.1 Noi dat 3.2 Cac v6

PLC-2I PLC-25 PLC-25 PLC-26 PLC-27

PLC-44 PLC-49

3.3 Hicu iJiig suy giam PLC-58 3.4 Cac qui tac lap dat va di cap PLC-61 3.5 Cac thanh phan cua EMC va cac giai phap PLC-64 4 Cac van de trong mang noi bo PLC-70

M L l l