History.com War of 1812

1.Neutrality- America tried to stay out of European wars…

(but England

and France did not like this)

2. Impressment- British were stopping American ships and forcing American sailors into the British navy

3. Harassment of American merchant ships at sea – seizing ships and taking their cargo

4. American was moving west – and having Indian problems

5. British were still in the NW supporting Indians to fight the US. This was a matter of national pride!

“War Hawks” pressure Madison to declare war.

• In June 1812, President James Madison asks Congress for a Declaration of War

Federalists opposed Madison’s war resolution because they wanted to trade with Britain. They talked of secession (leaving the Union) and proposed constitutional amendments that were not acted upon to weaken the Southern and Western states.

Opponents of the War

• US win victory in York (present day Toronto)

• Troops loot and burn the fort and town (the capital city)

• British capture DC in Aug. 1814

• Set fire to the Presidential mansion & Capitol

• Madison escaped to VA & Dolley Madison saves many valuables

• 1812 Clip

Dolley - You Go, Girl!

• British advance to Baltimore

• They bombard Ft. McHenry in Sept. 1814

• Francis Scott Key witnesses the attack & his poem about it becomes our National Anthem

Star-Spangled : 2:36

• After battles across all of North America, a treaty is negotiated in Dec. 1814

• Word of the Treaty has not yet reached New Orleans

• In Jan. 1815, Gen. Andrew Jackson decisively defeats the invading British

• Makes Andrew Jackson a national hero

Battle Clip

• The war ends with neither side gaining or losing territory – no real change

• Feelings of American Nationalism – Pride in the US

• The downfall of the Federalists – only Republicans remain.

• US claim to Oregon Territory, and more settlers in Florida.

• Judicial Nationalism through Chief Justice John Marshall

• Court establishes the power of the judicial review to check the other two in Marbury v. Madison

• McCulloch v. Maryland - establishes the supremacy of the national government over the states

• Economic Nationalism through Henry Clay’s American System to unite the country

• 3 parts - A Protectionist Tariff, 2nd National Bank, Internal Improvements (roads, canals, & railroads)

• US increased its stature in the world

• Monroe Doctrine asserts US’ role in Western Hemisphere

• Adams-Onis Treaty with Spain brings Florida into the US

Exit TicketThe Star Spangled

BannerO! say can you see by the dawn's early light,What so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last gleaming,Whose broad stripes and bright stars through the perilous fight,O'er the ramparts we watched, were so gallantly streaming.And the rockets' red glare, the bombs bursting in air,Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there;O! say does that star-spangled banner yet wave,O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave?

1. Where was the Star Spangled Banner written?

2. What was going on?

3. What motivated Francis Scott Key to write this poem?

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