HISTORY OF PHOTOGRAPHY

The camera obscura is an optical device that projects an image of its surroundings on a screen or wall. It is used in drawing and was one of the inventions that led to photography and the camera. The device is made up of a box or room with a hole in one side. Light from an external scene passes through the hole and strikes a surface inside where it is reproduced, upside-down, but with colour and perspective preserved. The image can be projected onto paper, and can then be traced to produce a highly accurate representation.

CAMERA OBSCURA

470 to 390 BCE

FIRST PERMANENT PHOTO

history of photography commenced with the invention and development of the camera and the creation of permanent images produced in 1826 by the French inventor Joseph Nicéphore Niépce. To make this he used a camera obscura. He dissolved a silver coin in acid the painted it onto a piece of paper, he put this in his camera and left it for 8 hours.

• The daguerreotype was the first commercially successful photographic process. The image is a direct positive made in the camera on a silvered copper plate. The raw material for plates was called Sheffield plate, plating by fusion or cold-rolled cladding and was a standard hardware item produced by heating and rolling silver foil in contact with a copper support. The surface of a daguerreotype is like a mirror, with the image made directly on the silvered surface, it is very fragile and can be rubbed off with a finger, and the finished plate has to be angled so as to reflect some dark surface in order to view the image properly. Depending on the angle viewed, and the colour of the surface reflected into it, the image can change from a positive to a negative.

DAGUERREOTYPES

Cyanotype is a photographic printing process that gives a cyan-blue print. The process was popular in engineering circles well into the 20th century. The simple and low-cost process enabled them to produce large-scale copies of their work, referred to as blueprints. Two chemicals are used in the process: Ammonium iron(III) citrate and Potassium ferricyanide.Sir John Herschel discovered this procedure in 1842.

CYANOTYPE

• William invent the collotype process, the first photographic negative

• He invented this in 1835.

WILLIAM HENRY FOX TALBOT

FIRST DIGITAL CAMERA

FIRST MEGAPIXEL CAMERA

FIRST MOVING IMAGE

FIRST 35MM CAMERA

• http://www.mindmeister.com/200621750/history-of-photography

FIRST KODAK CAMERA

WET PLACE PROCESS

POLAROID INSTANT CAMERA

FIRST COLOUR IMAGE