history of ireland
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
The History of Ireland
Purpose/Objectives• Introduce important points about
ancient Irish history• Use hyperlinks and video to enhance
understanding of significant historical events and people
• Provide a foundation for future analysis of (1) Irish history (post 1800) and (2) the role Irish played in shaping the fabric of American culture
The Physical Features
•Location•Other countries
that would effect Ireland’s history?
•Advantages?•Disadvantages
?
The Earliest People• 4th Century
– mainly consisted of various tribes
– never claimed under the Roman Empire
• Eventually the tribes established provinces
• Each province had:– King (Chief)– Professional jurists
who administered laws
Saint Patrick’s Early Life
• Born in Scotland in 387• At age 16, he was taken
captive– Became a Chief’s slave in
County Antrim – He learned the Celtic
customs and language• After six years he escaped and
made his way back to Britain– Began his life as a
missionary in the Catholic Church
Saint Patrick’s Return to Ireland
• Saint Patrick returned to Ireland in the summer of 433
• Speaking the native Gaelic, he began converting the natives to Catholicism– He used the shamrock to explain
the Catholic belief in the Holy Trinity
• Saint Patrick traveled throughout Ireland establishing Churches and spreading his religion
• Saint Patrick died on March 17, 493 (461?) in Ireland
• There were no snakes!!!!!
Vikings Invade• Vikings invaded Ireland
from the 8th – 10th century
• They raided monasteries along the coast for:– Goods– Livestock– Slaves
• Primarily from Norway and Denmark
• The Viking ships provided a quick and efficient means of attack
Click on the image above for embedded video
The Vikings Look to Stay
• Eventually the Vikings established trading posts– Limerick, Cork, Waterford,
Dublin• The Irish were able to
reclaim some cities (Dublin 917)
• Over time, the Vikings blended into the Irish culture – Became merchants,
seaman, and military allies
The English Attack• In the 12th century Anglo-
Norman (British) groups began to invade Ireland– Needed land for a growing
kingdom– Various nobility looked to claim
land
• The English established their own laws and created a parliament
• Countries like Scotland attempted to help remove the English, but the Anglo-Norman numbers continued to grow
The English Flex Their Muscles
• King Henry VII established strict laws for Ireland under British rule– No traditional Irish laws– Must follow English laws– No assembly of the Irish
military– All laws of the Irish
Parliament t had to be approved by the King
The Question of Religion
• Henry VIII attempted to transform Ireland from a Catholic country to an Anglican country– Queen Mary I– Elizabeth– James I
• All forced the Anglican religion on the Irish
Oliver Cromwell• English statesman in 1649• Invaded Ireland with his army
(10,000 men)– Executed 2,000 Irish in
Drogheda– Stormed Wexford
• Reclaimed lands in Ireland for the English
• Banished Catholic landowners– Gave the land to the
Protestant army
Laws to Crush Irish Trade
• England passed the Penal Laws– The Irish could not
export•Cattle•Milk•Butter•Cheese •Wool
• Effects of this law?
The Effects of Worldwide Revolution
• Catholics allied with the French• The Irish Parliament remained
Protestant• There existed a need for
lasting peace• William Pitt (English Prime
Minister) helped pass the Act of Union– Why would Pitt help Ireland?
The 1801 Act of Union
• Ireland joined Great Britain to form the United Kingdom
• Free trade• Anglican was the official
religion of Ireland• Ireland had its own Courts• No Catholics could hold
office
Life After The Act of Union
• Catholics hated the Act• Robert Emmet (1823) led an
uprising• Results
– Catholics could hold office (1828)
– Formation of The Catholic Association
• Bad blood continued between the Catholics and Protestants
Works Cited"About Saint Patrick's Day." DLTKs. 2006. DLTKs Sites. 20 Jan. 2008
<http://www.dltk-holidays.com/patrick/about.htm>.
Bloy, Marjie. "Britain and Ireland 1789 - 1801." The Victorian Web. Apr. 1997. 23 Jan. 2008 <http://www.victorianweb.org/history/ireland1.html>.
Grigoriev, S A., and Y V. Vasina. "The Megalithic Structures of Vera Island in Turgoyak Lake, Southern Urals." 28 Nov.
2005. 20 Jan. 2008 <http://www.comparchaeology.org/EuropeMapCAWEB.gif>. Luby, Damian. "Ireland." Ireland on the Net. 2 Dec.-Jan. 2007. 20 Jan. 2008 <http://www.iol.ie/~dluby/ireland.htm>.
"Map of Ireland." 2005. Backpack New Zealand. 20 Jan. 2008 <http://www.backpack-newzealand.com/images/ireland-map.gif>.
Moran, Patrick F. "St. Patrick." New Advent. 1 Jan.-Feb. 1911. The Catholic Encyclopedia. 20 Jan. 2008 <http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11554a.htm>.
"Oliver Cromwell." The Cromwell Association. 2005. Cromwell Association and the Cromwell Museum Huntingdon. 20 Jan. 2008 <http://www.olivercromwell.org/>.
Viking Warriors. Discovery Channel School. 2004. unitedstreaming. 24 January 2008<http://streaming.discoveryeducation.com/>
Walsh, Dennis. "Ireland - the Viking Era." Ireland's History in Maps. Feb. 2007. 20 Jan. 2008 <http://www.rootsweb.com/~irlkik/ihm/ire800.htm>.