history of human-computer interaction
DESCRIPTION
Presented to the students at KULeuven on 11 March 2013.TRANSCRIPT
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History of CHILeuven, 11 March 2013
Erik Duvalhttp://erikduval.wordpress.com
@ErikDuval
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http://www.slideshare.net/erik.duval
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interaction design history in a teeny little nutshell
version 1.5
marc rettigmarcrettig.com
presented atcarnegiemellonuniversity
2 april 2004
HUGE thanks to...
http://www.slideshare.net/mrettig/interaction-design-history
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when? what?
• ???
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wiring the ENIAC with a new program
ENIAC1946Mauchly and Eckert
stats:3,000 cubic feet30 tons18,000 vacuum tubes70,000 resistors170 kilowatt power req.~1 kilobit memory
approximate processing power of today’s singing birthday card
but not a stored-program device
Great description here: www.computinghistorymuseum.org/teaching/lectures/pptlectures/7b-eniac.ppt
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front panel switches
DEC PDP-8
TI 980
1960’s
The internal architecture of the machine is exposed in the controls. You can see that the PDP-8 is an octal computer, with its switches in three-bit configurations (it takes three bits to count from 0 to 7, for a total of 8 numbers. Base 8. Octal. Get it?). The TI 980 is a hexadecimal machine, with switches in groups of four. Using the switches, you program the machine one word at a time (a word being, say, two hexadecimal bytes for the TI).
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configure switches, run batch, output to tape
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batch processing: feed it cards, wait while it runs
What you used to dopunch a deck of cards; take the cards to a little window, hand them to the operator; she puts them in line with everyone else’s jobs; when it’s your turn she puts your cards in the hopper and pushes “RUN”; your program works or it doesn’t; an hour or twelve later, you pick up your cards and (hopefully) printout at the same little window.
What you do nowdouble-click an icon, see what happens immediately.
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preparing punch cards
An important by-product:
confetti. All
the chaff from all those cards was just great to throw around the dorm.
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preparing punch cards
Each key press punches holes, so there’s no “erase.” Fixing a mistake almost always required ejecting the card and starting it over.
In a pinch – say you really needed to fix a card and the punch was down – a clever operator might know enough about the card encoding to close some holes with tape and open others with a knife.
So on the one hand, we were adapting to the machines. On the other hand, the workings of the machines were exposed, right out where we could get to them.
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punch cards
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:FortranCardPROJ039.agr.jpg
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http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/IBM_card_punch_029.JPG
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operator console
IBM System 3601960’s
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at home, it’s still the switches – but what to do with it?
MITS Altair 88001975
One of the first commercially available home computers. You ordered it. You built it. You operated it through front panel switches.
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next?
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Command Line Interface
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http://www.secretgeometry.com/apps/cathode/
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Nog vb?
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Nog vb?
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Grafische gebruikersinterface
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WIMP• Windows
IconsMenus, andPointing devices
• Characteristics
• intuitive
• consistent
• forgiving
• protective
• But not necessarily best for expert!
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Ivan Sutherland: Sketchpad (1962)Tu
ring
Aw
ard
1988
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=USyoT_Ha_bA21
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D. Engelbart, Augment
•Stanford Research Institute
• invented interactive computing (mouse, windows, groupware, ...)
• team went to Xerox PARC
•http://dougengelbart.org/
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D. Engelbart, Augment
• demo at 1968 Fall Joint Computer Conference
• video, microwave transmission, ...
• http://www.dougengelbart.org/firsts/dougs-1968-demo.html
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24http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X4kp9Ciy1nE
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http://cfdj.sys-con.com/read/536976.htmSunday 17 March 13
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http://cfdj.sys-con.com/read/536976.htmSunday 17 March 13
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http://cfdj.sys-con.com/read/536976.htmSunday 17 March 13
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http://erikduval.wordpress.com/2010/01/31/happy-85th-carrying-the-torch/
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XEROX PARC Star (1981)
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QYvxgNhUwBk
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a tool for home and small business calculations
visicalcDan Bricklin1979
Finally people had a reason to buy a home computer (specifically, an Apple II): so they could use VisiCalc, the first spreadsheet.
THE place to learn about Visicalc: www.bricklin.com/visicalc.htmDownload a working version!
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Macintosh, 1984
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Macintosh, 1984
30 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G0FtgZNOD44 Sunday 17 March 13
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All 39 pages of advertising that Apple bought in a 1984 issue of newsweek are available here: http://www.aci.com.pl/mwichary/computerhistory/ads/macnewsweek
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Windows 1.0 (1985)
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y48rthTbrA8&NR=1
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beyond then ...
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http://blogs.msdn.com/tom/archive/2009/03/03/future-vision-ux-ideas.aspx
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Cf7IL_eZ38
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CGwvZWyLiBU
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9c6W4CCU9M4
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http://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/pattie_maes_demos_the_sixth_sense.html
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http://www.lce.hut.fi/research/css/bci/
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41http://dagkrant.kuleuven.be/files/pdf/ck21-nr06.pdf
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The future has already arrived.It's just not evenly distributed yet.
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what did you...
• like most?
• want most?
• dislike most?
• fear most?
• ...?
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and why...Sunday 17 March 13
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45Thanks!
Questions?http://erikduval.wordpress.com/
@ErikDuval
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