Historical Books

Part 2

1st Samuel 2nd Samuel 1 Kings 2 Kings

Samuel & Saul

David as King

Solomon & Divided Kingdom

Fall of the Divided Kingdoms

1 Kings 1-11 1 Kings 12 - 2 Kings 17 2 Kings 18-25

Northern Kingdom United Kingdom under Solomon

Southern Kingdom of Judah

JUDAH

ISRAEL

Shechem

Penuel

Bethel

Dan

Samaria

Southern Kingdom of Judah

19 Kings, 1 Queen

Northern Kingdom of Israel

19 Kings

Jerusalem

Category

Kings

Capital Shechem/Samaria

Judah & Benjamin Tribes Ten Northern Tribes

Most were unstable; some were good, some were bad

Legacy of Kings

All were bad; Ahab and Ahaziah were idol

worshipers

Conquered by Babylon in 586 B.C.

FallConquered by Assyria

in 721 B.C.

Returned to the land Return No Return

Ethbaal(Itto-Baal)

OMRI

SIDON ISRAEL

AhabJezebel

Sidon

Israel

Judah

Sidon

Israel

Judah

Now Elijah the Tishbite, who was of the settlers of Gilead, said to Ahab, “As the Lord, the God of Israel lives, before whom I stand, surely there shall be neither dew nor rain these years, except by my word.” (1 Kings 17:1).

Sidon

Israel

Judah

MountCarmel

Elijah

Yahweh

Ahab

Baal

Who will you serve?

An Outline of 1An Outline of 1stst & 2 & 2ndnd Kings KingsThe United Kingdom of Solomon (1 Kings 1-12)

Wars of Judah and Israel (1 Kings 13-16)

The Ministry of Elijah (1 Kings 17 - 2 Kings 1).

The Passing of the Prophetic Mantle from Elijah to Elisha (2 Kings 2).

The Ministry of Elisha (2 Kings 3-13).

Wars of Judah and Israel 2 Kings 14-17).

The Kingdom of Judah (2 Kings 18-25).

Ethbaal(Itto-Baal)

OMRI

SIDON ISRAEL

AhabJezebel

Ahaziah Joram Athaliah

Ahaziah

Joash

JUDAH

ASA

Jehoshaphat

Jehoram

• Nineveh

• Jerusalem

Samaria

2 Kings 17:62 Kings 17:6In the ninth year of Hoshea, the

king of Assyria captured Samaria and carried Israel away into exile to Assyria. and settled them in Halah and Habor, on the river of Gozarx and in the cities of the Medes.

2 Kings 17:7-82 Kings 17:7-8Now this came about, because the

sons of Israel had sinned against the Lord their God, who had brought them up from the land of Egypt from under the hand of Pharaoh, king of Egypt, and they had feared other gods 8 and walked in the customs of the nations whom the Lord had driven out before the sons of Israel, and in the customs of the kings of Israel which they had introduced.

Hezekiah’s ReformationHezekiah’s Reformation• Religious ReformReligious Reform

• Envoys from Merodach-BaladanEnvoys from Merodach-Baladan

• Assyrian threatAssyrian threat

• Hezekiah’s TunnelHezekiah’s Tunnel

2 Kings 19:35-36Then it happened that

night that the angel of the Lord went out, and struck 185,000 in the camp of the Assyrians; and when men rose early in the morning, behold, all of them were dead.

So Sennacherib king of Assyria departed and returned home, and lived at Nineveh.

Taylor PrismTaylor Prism“As for Hezekiah, the

Jew, who did not submit to my yoke, 46 of his strong walled cities, as well as the small cities in their neighborhood, which were without number, by escalade and bringing up siege engines... Himself, like a caged bird, I shut up in Jerusalem, his royal city.

Reform under JosiahReform under Josiah• Religious Reform

• Fall of Assyria

Assyria

Babylon

Medes

Scythians

Carchemish

EGYPT

Megiddo

Assyria

Babylon

Medes

Scythians

Carchemish

EGYPT

Megiddo

605 B.C. Hostages taken from among

the nobility including Daniel and his three friends

597 B.C. A total of 10,000 of the craftsmen are taken along with Ezekiel

586 B.C. The Temple is destroyed and all the inhabitants of Jerusalem are taken into captivity

And he burned the house of the LORD, the king’s house, and all the houses of Jerusalem; even every great house he burned with fire.

(2 Kings 25:9).

KingsKingsProphetic

Perspective: Judgments

ChroniclesChroniclesPriestly Perspective:

Hope

Wars Prominent Temple Prominent

History of thrones History of Davidic line

Israel & Judah Mostly Judah

Morality Redemption

Amos

The Prophet of Social Justice

610 600 590 580 570 560 550 540 530

Kings of Judah

Obadiah?

Jeremiah

Daniel

Ezekiel

Zephaniah

Habakkuk

Joel? Jerusalem & Temple Destroyed

ReturnfromExile

Babylonian Captivity

Medes

Persians

Lydians

Babylon

Ezra 1:2-3Ezra 1:2-3Thus says Cyrus king of Persia,

“The LORD, the God of heaven, has given me all the kingdoms of the earth and He has appointed me to build Him a house in Jerusalem, which is in Judah. 3 Whoever there is among you of all His people, may his God be with him! Let him go up to Jerusalem which is in Judah and rebuild the house of the LORD, the God of Israel; He is the God who is in Jerusalem.

Ezra 1:4Ezra 1:4“Every survivor,

at whatever place he may live, let the men of that place support him with silver and gold, with goods and cattle, together with a freewill offering for the house of God which is in Jerusalem.”Cyrus

theGreat

Haggai &Haggai &ZechariahZechariahprophesyprophesyand urgeand urge

constructionconstructionto beginto begin

againagain

CambysesCambyses

Construction halted

Cyrus the Cyrus the GreatGreat

Permission given to rebuild

CambysesCambyses

Construction halted

Cyrus the Cyrus the GreatGreat

Permission given to rebuild

Darius the Darius the GreatGreat

Permission given to complete

1st Return under Zerubbabel &

rebuilding Temple

Ezra 1-6

Ezra 7-10

Events of Book of Esther

2nd Return under Ezra

3rd Return under Nehemiah &

rebuilding walls

Book of Esther

Book of Nehemiah

538-516 B.C.

473 B.C.

458-457 B.C.

445-444 B.C.

Cast of CharactersCast of Characters• Esther (also known as Hadassah).

• Ahasuerus: Xerxes

• Mordecai & Haman

The NarrativeThe Narrative• A new queen

• Mordecai saves the king

• Haman’s jealousy

• A plan for ethnic cleansing

• Plea to Esther

• Haman’s plan

• The king’s plan

• Esther’s revelation

• The Jewish deliverance

Esther 9:24Esther 9:24For Haman the son of Hammedatha,

the Agagite, the adversary of all the Jews, had schemed against the Jews to destroy them, and had cast Pur, that is the lot, to disturb them and destroy them.

HamanHamanA descendant of Agag

(Esther 3:1), the king of the Amalekites whose life

Saul spared in disobedience to the command of God.

MordecaiMordecaiFrom the tribe and family

of Saul (Esther 2:5).

The enemy of the people of God

The savior of the people of God

Points to PonderPoints to Ponder• Esther is the book of God’s

Providence

• The Success of Haman’s plot would also exterminate the seed through which the Messiah would come

• This book reminds us that God works in the lives of both the great and the small

A Picture of ChristA Picture of Christ

Esther was the virgin bride who married the king.

The StoryThe Story The PictureThe Picture

The church is the spotless bride who marries the King

The king’s former wife had been displeasing and had been set aside.

The natural branches were broken off due to unbelief.

A Picture of ChristA Picture of Christ

Haman plotted against Mordecai and against all the Jews.

The StoryThe Story The PictureThe PictureSatan has set himself against Christ and against all men

Mordecai convinces Esther to intercede on behalf of her people.

Jesus Himself interceded on behalf of His church.

A Picture of ChristA Picture of Christ

Esther agrees to intercede after the people have fasted for three days.

The StoryThe Story The PictureThe PictureChrist interceded on our behalf and then was in the grave three days.

Haman plans to have Mordecai executed for not bowing down to him.

Jesus was tempted by Satan to worship him; Satan’s attack culminated in the cross.

A Type of ChristA Type of Christ

Haman met his end on the gallows he had intended for Modecai.

The StoryThe Story The PictureThe Picture

Christ intentionally went to the cross that was prepared for us.

In both cases, that which looked like certain death and defeat was turned into ultimate victory.