2014 Collection of Local and State Data On Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug (ATOD) Use/Abuse

& Suicide Trends

Table of Contents

Item Page(s)

Office of Chief Medical Examiners Annual Report Summary for the Western District 3-8

Virginia Department of Criminal Justice Services: Virginia Crime Trends 2002-2011. Published 3/2013

9-10

Law Enforcement Statistics for Region 2000 per locality 11

Virginia Highway Safety Traffic Crash Facts 2012 11

12 Annie E. Casey Foundation Kids Count Data Data provided by: Voices for Virginia’s Children

2012 Lynchburg City School Youth Survey Results 13

The Virginia Atlas of Community Health: Heath planning District 11 Youth Health Risk Profile 14

3

Office of the Chief Medical Examiners’ Annual Report 2012, Virginia Dept of Health: Western District

The overall number of drug/poisoning cases decreased slightly (1.62%) from 2011. Prescription drug deaths decreased by 14.3% from 2011; however, illegal (illicit) drug deaths increased by 8.3%.

The overall rate of drug/poison deaths for Virginia residents was 9.3 per 100,000 The majority of cases were accidents (77.3%), males (59.1%), whites (84.1%), and 45-54 year olds (28.0%) The Western OCME district handled one-third of all drug/poison deaths Cocaine and heroin are not the only illegal drugs used in Virginia; however, they are the main compounds found in deaths by illegal drugs. Ad-ditionally, heroin deaths are typically underestimated because heroin is very rapidly metabolized into morphine. Therefore, without known heroin history, circumstances, and/or the presence of a specific heroin metabolite, heroin cases may be missed. [NOTE: Cocaine and heroin tables and figures represent deaths in which one or both illegal drugs caused death; but other drugs/poisons also may have caused death.]

Almost 80% of the cases were males Cocaine and/or heroin were involved in 17.9% of all drug/poison cases Suicide deaths in general have been slowly increasing since 1999. In 2012, there were 14 fewer suicides (1.3% lower) than in 2011. Victims were most frequently males (77.9%), white (86.4%), and those aged 45-54 years old (20.7%).

Whites committed suicide at a rate 5.6 times that of Hispanics, 2.9 times that of Blacks, and 2.7 times that of Asians

Males were 3.5 times more likely to commit suicide than females Handguns, hangings, and drug use were the 3 most commonly used methods in suicides, with these deaths representing 42.9%, 20.0%, and 13.2% of all suicides, respectively Ethanol was present in 26.8% of all suicides, with 16.9% of suicides having a blood alcohol of 0.08% W/V or greater

Manner Western

District

state

Accident 695 2411

Homicide 56 344

Natural 458 1788

Suicide 263 1053

Undetermined 41 171

TOTAL 1513 5767

Total Number and Percentage of OCME Cases by Manner of Death and Gender, 2012

Manner of Death

Gender Accident Homicide Natural Suicide Undeter-

mined

Total

Male 1570 (65.1%) 265 (77.0%) 1240 (69.4%) 820 (77.9%) 98 (57.3%) 3993 (69.2%)

Female 841 (34.9%) 79 (23.0%) 548 (30.6%) 233 (22.1%) 73 (42.7%) 1774 (30.8%)

TOTAL 2411 344 1788 1053 171 5767

4

Total Number of Drug/

Poison Cases by District

OCME

Cases

Percentage Total Number of Drug/Poison

Deaths by Cocaine , Heroin &

Combination

Cocaine Cocaine &

Heroin

Heroin Total

Deaths

Central 186 23.1% Central 11 6 38 55

Northern 211 26.2% Northern 18 6 33 57

Tidewater 140 17.4% Tidewater 16 6 35 57

Western 268 33.3% Western 20 2 9 31

TOTAL 805 100.0% TOTAL 65 20 115 200

Total Number of OCME Drug/Poison Cases by District and Cause of Death, 2012

OCME District

Cause of Death Central Northern Tidewater Western Total

Ethanol Poisoning 11 4 8 11 34

Ethylene Glycol Poisoning 2 4 1 1 8

Illegal (Street) Drug Poisoning 54 35 47 20 156

Inhalant Poisoning 3 2 2 1 8

Mixed Drug Category 8 55 24 45 132

Not Otherwise Specified Poisoning 1 1 5 1 8

OTC Poisoning 9 7 5 3 24

Other Poisons (Heavy Metals, etc.) 0 1 0 1 2

Prescription Drug Poisoning 98 102 48 185 433

TOTAL 186 211 140 268 805

Total Number and Rate of Drug/Poison

Deaths by City/County of Residence

Total Number of Drug/Poison Deaths by Fentanyl,

hydrocodone, methadone, and oxycodone

Combination and City/County of Residence

Total Number and Rate of Cocaine and Heroin

Combination Deaths by City/County of Residence

County/City of

Residence

Total

Deaths

Rate per

100,000

County/City of

Residence

Total

Deaths

Rate per

100,000

County/City of

Residence

Total

Deaths

Rate per

100,000 Amherst County 4 12.4 Amherst County 1 3.1 Amherst County 2 6.2

Appomattox County 0 0.0 Appomattox County 0 0.0 Appomattox County 0 0.0 Bedford City 0 0.0 Bedford City 0 0.0 Bedford City 0 0.0

Bedford County 7 10.1 Bedford County 4 5.7 Bedford County 1 1.4

Campbell County 2 3.6 Campbell County 2 3.6 Campbell County 0 0.0 Lynchburg City 10 13.0 Lynchburg City 7 9.1 Lynchburg City 1 1.3

TOTAL 23 39.1 TOTAL 14 21.5 TOTAL 4 8.9

Drug Related Deaths 2012

5

Total Number of OCME Drug/Poison Cases by District and Cause

of Death, 2012 OCME District

Cause of Death Central Northern Tidewater Western Total

Ethanol Poisoning 11 4 8 11 34

Ethylene Glycol

Poisoning

2 4 1 1 8

Illegal (Street) Drug

Poisoning

54 35 47 20 156

Inhalant Poisoning 3 2 2 1 8

Mixed Drug

Category

8 55 24 45 132

Not Otherwise

Specified Poisoning

1 1 5 1 8

OTC Poisoning 9 7 5 3 24

Other Poisons

(Heavy Metals, etc.)

0 1 0 1 2

Prescription Drug

Poisoning

98 102 48 185 433

TOTAL 186 211 140 268 805

Drug Related Deaths 2012

Total Number of OCME Drug/Death Cases by Age

Group and Manner, 2012

Age Group

(years)

Accident Suicide Undetermined Total

<1 0 0 0 0

1-4 0 0 0 0

5-9 0 0 0 0

10-14 0 0 0 0

15-19 8 1 0 9

20-24 50 5 3 58

25-34 161 30 7 198

35-44 170 33 8 211

45-54 166 49 10 225

55-64 57 20 5 82

65-74 10 7 0 17

75-84 0 1 1 2

85+ 0 3 0 3

TOTAL 622 149 34 805

6

Total Number and Rates of OCME Cases by Manner of Death and City/County of Residence, 2012 Manner of Death

County/City

of Residence Accident Total

Accident

Rate Homicide

Total Homicide

Rate Natural

Total Natural

Rate Suicide

Total Suicide

Rate Undetermined

Total Undetermined

Rate Total Rate per

100,000

Amherst

County 19 58.7 0 0.0 24 74.1 4 12.4 1 3.1 48 148.2

Appomattox

County 8 52.9 0 0.0 3 19.8 1 6.6 0 0.0 12 79.3

Bedford City 1 16.8 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 16.8 0 0.0 2 33.5

Bedford

County 36 51.7 1 1.4 9 12.9 10 14.4 0 0.0 56 80.5

Campbell

County 19 34.4 3 5.4 11 19.9 7 12.7 0 0.0 40 72.5

Lynchburg

City 34 44.1 3 3.9 11 14.3 9 11.7 0 0.0 57 73.9

Total Number of Homicide Deaths by City/County of Injury and Year of Death

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Total Amherst County 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 3

Appomattox County 0 2 1 0 8 1 0 12

Bedford City 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1

Bedford County 1 2 0 0 2 1 1 7

Campbell County 2 2 2 5 2 1 3 17

Lynchburg City 2 1 4 0 3 4 3 17

TOTAL 5 8 9 5 15 8 7 57

Manner of Death by Locality, 2012

7

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Total

Amherst County 4 6 6 7 7 5 7 42

Appomattox County 2 0 0 3 3 2 2 12

Bedford City 1 1 1 2 2 0 1 8

Bedford County 7 6 9 14 14 13 8 71

Campbell County 6 3 7 6 6 10 9 47

Lynchburg City 8 6 13 5 9 10 6 57 TOTAL 28 22 36 37 41 40 33 237

Total Number of Suicide Deaths by City/County of Injury and Year of Death

Suicide Deaths 2012

Total Number of Child Suicide Deaths by Cause and Method of Death, 2012

Method of Death Autopsied Total Cases Asphyxia Hanging 8 12 Drug Use Ingested and/or injected illegal, prescription, and/or other type of drug 1 1 Motor Vehicle Car 1 1 Traumatic Injury Gunshot Wound 11 11 Handgun (6) (6) Rifle (3) (3) Shotgun (2) (2)

TOTAL CHILD SUICIDE DEATHS 21 25

8

Total Number of Suicide Deaths by Cause and Method of Death

Method of Death Autopsied Total

Cases Asphyxia Drowned 9 14 Hanging 56 211 Helium 2 11 Plastic Bag 2 5 Oxygen replacement/displacement 2 2

Other asphyxia 2 6 Drug Use Ingested and/or injected illicit, prescription,

and/or other type of drug

120 139

Jump Jump from height 2 19 Poisoned Carbon monoxide poisoning 2 18 Ingested ethylene glycol 6 8 Ingested other poison (ex. Heavy metals,

etc.)

1 2

Other Other 0 1 Traumatic Injury Cut/Stabbed self 10 11 Thermal burns and/or inhalation of com-

bustible material

5 5

Shot self with firearm 582 585 Handgun (450) (452) Rifle (48) (49) Shotgun (84) (84) Vehicular

Car 4 4 Multiple 0 1 Pickup Truck 1 1 Tractor Trailer 0 3 Train 1 7 TOTAL SUICIDE DEATHS 807 1053

Total Number of Suicide Deaths by Manner of Death and Ethanol Level, 2012

Method of Death No Ethanol 0.01-0.07% W/V ≥0.08% W/V Total Cases

Asphyxia

Drowned 8 4 2 14

Hanging 160 21 30 211

Helium 9 1 1 11

Plastic Bag 5 0 0 5

Oxygen replacement/displacement

0 2 0 2

Other asphyxia 5 0 1 6

Drug Use

Ingested and/or injected il-licit, prescription, and/or other type of drug

90 19 30 139

Jump

Jump from height 18 0 1 19

Poisoned

Carbon monoxide poisoning 11 5 2 18

Ingested ethylene glycol 6 2 0 8

Ingested other poison (ex. Heavy metals, etc.)

2 0 0 2

Other

Other 1 0 0 1

Traumatic Injury

Cut/Stabbed self 7 3 1 11

Thermal burns and/or inhala-tion of combustible material

3 1 1 5

Shot self with firearm 434 45 106 585

Vehicular

Car 4 0 0 4

Multiple 0 0 1 1

Pickup Truck 1 0 0 1

Tractor Trailer 3 0 0 3

Train 5 1 1 7

TOTAL SUICIDE DEATHS 772 104 177 1053

Virginia Suicide Deaths 2012

9 Virginia Department of Criminal Justice Services: Virginia Crime Trends 2002-2011.

VIRGINIA DRUG ARREST RATE, 2002–2011 Drug offenses are defined as the unlawful cultivation, manufacture, distribution, sale, purchase, use, possession, transportation, or im-portation of any controlled drug or narcotic substance or the unlawful manufacture, sale, purchase, possession, or transportation of equipment or devices utilized in preparing and/or using drugs or narcotics. The drug arrest rate is the number of arrests for drug of-fenses per 100,000 arrest-age population (ages 10 and older). The total drug arrest rate includes arrests of both juveniles and adults. Drug arrest statistics can reflect law enforcement anti-drug activities and are not an accurate indicator of drug prevalence. Virginia drug arrest rates rose while U.S. drug arrest rates fell from 2002 to 2011. Over the decade, the drug arrest rate in Virginia

increased by 25%, while the drug arrest rate decreased nationwide by 6%. Virginia’s drug arrest rate over the decade was consistently below national rates and the rates for all but one of the bordering

states (West Virginia). From 2010 to 2011 the drug arrest rate in Virginia increased by 3% compared to a 5% decrease nationally. Virginia’s drug arrest rate increased by almost 21% from 2002 to 2011 and increased by almost 5% from 2010 to 2011.

Statewide violent index crime rate 2002 statewide violent index crime rate: 288.0 2011 statewide violent index crime rate: 197.3 From 2002 to 2011 the violent index crime rate decreased statewide by 32%. From 2002 to 2011 the violent index crime rate declined in each State Police division.

Drug Arrest

Rate by Year

Percent of

Change

2002 2010 2011 2002-2011 2010-2011

427.6 492.6 515.5 +20.6 +4.6

Virginia US

2011 Violent index crime rate 196.7 386.3

2011 property index crime rate 2249.6 2908.7

2011 Drug arrest rate 442.5 505.9

10

Locality Violent Crime rate Property Crime Rate Drug Arrest Rate

2002 2011 2002 2011 2002 2011

Amherst County 100.7 90.2 1,104.6 1,712.9 290.1 260.2

Appomattox County 80.1 86.4 699.0 844.4 109.2 120.

Bedford City 490.5 258.9 3,164.6 3,672.5 366.8 1,598.5

Bedford County 95.8 69.3 1,404.7 1,207.3 229.6 142.3

Campbell County 191.5 107.2 1,944.5 1,702.6 119.1 104.0

Lynchburg City 471.9 364.7 3,567.1 3226. 803.5 1279.2

Virginia Department of Criminal Justice Services: Virginia Crime Trends 2002-2011.

Virginia Index Crime Rates and Drug Arrest Rate by Locality, 2002 and 2011 Source: DCJS

Crimes rates are reported per 100,000 population. Arrest rates are reported per 100,000 arrest-age population (ages 10 and older). Rates shown include contributions from all agencies reporting within the geographic locality, including

town, college/university, and other agencies.

11

Law Enforcement Statistics for Region 2000 per locality

2013 LYNCHBURG

DUI Arrests: Underage DUI Arrests 280

DUI Arrests Over 21YOA - 1,026

Alcohol Related Accidents: 70 in the city, 28 of which resulted in injuries. There were no alcohol related traffic fatalities.

Attempts to purchase, purchase, possession and consumption of an alcoholic beverage: 92 arrests

Alcohol/drug involvement in cases involving vandalism, property damage, rape, robbery, assault, murder, etc. This information

only applies where offender is known to have been under the influence of alcohol or drugs. Information for victims is not tracked.

Assaults: 297 Rape: 7 Property damage: 35 Robbery: 3 Other Sex Offenses: 5

2013 Campbell County 2014 Campbell County (through June 24th)

DUI Arrests: Underage DUI Arrests 3 • DUI Arrests: Underage DUI Arrests:1

DUI Arrests Over 21YOA: 79 • DUI Arrests Over 21YOA: 51

Underage Possession arrests: 12 • Underage Possession arrests: 7

Contributing to the delinquency of a minor arrest: 3 • Contributing to the delinquency of a minor arrest: 4

Juvenile drug possession offenses: 14 • Juvenile drug possession offenses: 10

Virginia Highway Safety Traffic Crash Facts 2012

Locality Alcohol related

Accidents

Alcohol related

Fatality

Alcohol related

Injuries

Amherst 39 0 27

Appomattox 26 0 18

Bedford 85 7 85

Campbell 67 5 37

Lynchburg City 98 3 57

Virginia 8777 (7.1%) 229 (29.6%) 5,861 (8.8%)

Statewide there were 28,719 DUI convictions in 2012

12

LOCALITY 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Amherst County Percent 17.4% 17.7% 18.9% 20.2% 20.3%

Number 1131 1184 1291 1333 1333

Appomattox County Percent 20% 21.9% 21.8% 22.3% 24%

Number 629 689 717 725 783

Bedford City Percent 25.8% 25.5% 27.9% 29.4% 29.5%

Number 328 326 350 352 346

Bedford County Percent 10.3% 11.2% 12.9% 13.7% 13.3%

Number 1445 1661 1947 2039 1,931

Campbell County Percent 16.2% 17.8% 18.6% 23% 19.2%

number 1816 1996 2211 2674 2,199

Lynchburg City Percent 24% 26.6% 29.6% 25.2% 29.3%

number 3522 3857 4267 3687 4,341

Virginia Percent 13.6% 14% 14.6% 15.6% 15%

Number 244,210 255,156 266,606 284,561 283.035

Annie E. Casey Foundation Kids Count Data Data provided by: Voices for Virginia’s Children

Children (0-17) living in poverty

13 2012 Lynchburg City School Youth Survey Results

Executive Summary

TOBACCO: Although most questions addressing tobacco use indicated that local students engaged in this type of behavior at a

constant or slightly lower rate than the nationally surveyed students, more high school students have tried to quit smoking.

Purchasing cigarettes from stores was indicated by 12th grade students as the primary point of access.

ALCOHOL: Similarly the Alcohol portion of the survey elicited responses indicate that the local students’ engagement in behav-

ior in this area is similar to or slightly lower than that of national students. One exception, however, is apparent from the results

of the question regarding how old the responded was when they took their first drink. The Lynchburg City survey indicate that

slightly more of those students had their first drink before the age of 13, especially among 6th grade students.

DRUGS: Except for one question within the Drugs section of the survey, all survey results were within a 2% range of the na-

tional results. The question excepted from this finding is the one concerning the use of steroids without a doctors prescription.

The percentages of local high school students who engaged in this behavior are 3% higher than those of their national

counterparts. A significant decrease for being offered, sold, or given illegal drugs among 12th grade students was also evi-

dent.

SEXUAL INTERCOURSE: The most notable and significant difference between local and national students was found result-

ing from the survey section regarding Sexual Behavior. Lynchburg City School students are having sexual intercourse at higher

or comparable rates to national samples, with increases noted in having sex with 3 or more people in their life time among high

school age students. Use of alcohol or drugs before having sexual intercourse increased since 2008 and is higher than na-

tional counterparts. Considerably more high school students use a condom.

14 The Virginia Atlas of Community Health Heath planning District 11 Youth Health Risk Profile

INDICATOR VIRGINIA HPD 11 AMHERST

COUNTY

APPTX

COUNTY

BEDFORD

CITY

BEDFORD

COUNTY

CAMPBELL

COUNTY

LYNCHBURG

CITY

High school-aged youth (14-19) who had

at least one drink of alcohol on at least 1

day during the 30 days before the survey. 189,350 7,081 850 334 121 1,841 1,353 2,582

High school-aged youth (age 14-19) who

felt sad or hopeless almost every day for

two or more weeks in a row so that they

stopped doing some usual activities

159,249 5,573 684 255 97 1,331 1,033 2,174

High school-aged youth (age 14-19) who

smoked cigarettes; smoked cigars,

cigarillos, or little cigars; or used

chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip on at least

1 day during the 30 days before the

survey

130,030 4,783 566 230 81 1,276 923 1,706

High school-aged youth (age 14-19) who

rode with a driver who had been drinking

alcohol one or more times in a car or

other vehicle during the 30 days before

the survey

125,783 4,426 535 209 75 1,114 837 1,655

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22