hints for dwellings : consisting of original designs for
TRANSCRIPT
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HINT ( s
FOR
DWELLINGS CONSISTING OF
ORIGINAL DESIGNS
FOR
COTTAGES, FARM-HOUSES, VILLAS,
plain anlj di^mameutal;
WITH PLANS TO EACH:
IN WHICH
STRICT ATTENTION IS PAID TO UNITE CONVENIENCE AND ELEGANCE WITH
ECOiNOMY.
INCLUDING SOME
DESIGNS FOR TOWN HOUSES.
BY D. LAING, ARCHITECT JND SURFEYOR.
ELEGANTLY ENGRAVED, IN AGUA-TINTA, ON THIRTY-FOUR PLATES,
WITH APPROPRIATE SCENERY.
ILontron: Printed by S. Gosnei.l, Little Queen Street, He Iborn,
FOR J, TAYLOR, AT THE ARCHITECTURAL LIBRARY, NO. 59,
HIGH HOLCORN.
1 8 00.
Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2019 with funding frorn Getty Research Institute
https://archive.org/details/hintsfordwelling00lain_0
PREFACE.
By fome Perfons it may be deemed fuperfluous to add another
Book to the long Catalogue of Works already publiflied, on the
Subjed of Plans and Elevations for Hoiifes : if this Idea were al¬
lowed to prevail too far, an End would be put to all Hopes of fu¬
ture Improvement, to all new Arrangements, or Combinations,
in an ufeful and elegant Art. Architedlure, and efpecially its Ap-^
plication to the Conveniences of poliflied Life, is capable of an
‘ infinite Variety of Diflributions and Combinations, as well inter¬
nal as external; and every ProfelTor will have Ideas peculiarly his
own, differing from his Predeceffors, or his Cotemporaries j fome
of which he may fairly hope will be confidered as Improvements
in Conveniences and Tafle ; while, with his utmofi: Efforts, he mufl
exped fome will be treated with Negled,
From the Precepts and Examples I received in my profeffional
Education, under a moft refpedable Mafter, I am led to hope thefe
Hints for Dwellings will add an acceptable Variety to the many
elegant Works already before the Public.
Of the following Defigns, feveral have been made for particular
Situations, in which the Peculiarities of the furrounding Scenery
a T- have
m
( iv )
iiave been attended to, and the Style of the Building made to cor^
refpond with its Situation ; a Circumilance worthy of much Con-
iideration by every Perfon who wiflies to combine the ufeful with
the agreeable. Flattered by the Approbation of many of my Em¬
ployers, I am induced to lay before the Public thefe Fruits of my
Studies, from which I hope fome ufeful Hints will be obtained by
Gentlemen, who will be at the Trouble to conlider various Forms
and Effedls, before they commence a Bulinefs of much Magnitude
and Expenfe.
A late Author, of much Celebrity (Price, on the Pidurefque),
has well obferved, “ the Difference of Expenfe between good and
bad Forms is comparatively trifling ; the Difference in their Ap¬
pearance, immenfe : then when Grandeur and Magnificence are lefs
thought of, the moff painter-like Effedls may be produced, even
by a Mixture of the fimplefl; Things, when properly placed and
combined with others.’" In the following Defigns, I have endea¬
voured to fulfil the above Precept; and without degrading the grand
and magnificent, have ftudied to unite Simplicity of Charader with
Elegance of Form. Thefe my humble Endeavours afpire not to
the Rank of the grand and fublime j yet, if public Approbation
pronounce them to poffefs Ufefulnefs, combined with true Taffe, it
will be to me the moff: flattering Reward.
In the Defigns for Dwellings in the Cottage Style, I have attended
to a Simplicity fuited to the Charader of the Structure; rejecting
all Superfluity of Ornament, as inconfiffent with the Building : in
the Plans on a larger Scale, and in the Defigns for Villas, I have in¬
dulged
( V )
dulged in more Ornament and Variety of Contour, as allowable to
fuch Buildings, whofe Inhabitants may be confidered of fome Rank
in Life, and entitled to more Show as well as Conveniences : yet
here I have generally avoided expenfive Conftrudion and Decora¬
tions; one Inftance excepted, in which Expenfe was not limited.
The others, I am perfuaded, will come within the Verge of mode¬
rate Fortunes; and are not more coftly than is conliftent with the
eafy Independence of Gentlemen wiHiing an elegant Retirement.
Of the Plans, I hope the Diilribution will be found to pofTefs
Convenience, Elegance, and Economy. This Branch of the Ar-
chited’s Profeffion is the moll arduous ; and to this Point fliould all
the Powers of his Mind be directed, united to all the Intelligence
which can be furnifhed by the Employer; for within the Houfe,
thofe Comforts and Conveniences will be fought, which fliall com-
penfate for all Expenfe and Trouble. In the Plan, I may be al¬
lowed to fay, will be drown the Skill, Tade, and Ingenuity of the
Artift ; here, his Addrefs in furmounting Difficulties will evince
itfelf; and here, the Conveniences to be combined and arranged,
mud render the Manfion inviting to the Mader, and convenient to
the Family : by a good Didribution alfo much Space is faved, or
applied to ufeful Purpofes, and the Expcnfes much abridged:
and I mud again repeat, that too much Care cannot be given
to well arranging the Plan, fuitable to the Family, Circumdances,
and Defires of the Proprietor ; for a proper Attention to thefe Cir-
cumdances in the Outfet, will prevent much future Uneafinefs, or
Alterations, which never fail to create Expenfe. Particular Regard
has been given to thefe feveral Circumdances in the following
Plans,
/
( vi )
Plans, which in general have been fully ftudied, ready to be put in
Execution ; and are far from being ideal Schemes onlyI beg leave
further to obferve, whoever intends to build Ihoiild well conlider the
Fitnefs of the propofed Situation, for Health, for Convenience of
Accefs, and, above all, for a fufficient Supply of good and whole-
fome Water j his Labours and Expenditure may other wife end in
total Difappointment.
The nearer the Plan of a Building approaches to a Square, the
greater are its Conveniences, and the Coll proportionably lefs. A
Square, equal in fuperficial Extent to a Parallelogram, requires
lefs external Walling, and confequently lefs internal Finilhing. In
the following Plans I have endeavoured to make the Building as
cpmpad as poflible, whereby Convenience is produced, and Ex-
penfe is faved; when the Apartments are fcattered, and lie wide
from each other, with long Paffages, much Unpleafantnefs muft be
experienced, and much Expenfe enfue, by covering a larger Space
of Ground than is abfolutely neceffary. This Objediion, I think,
may fairly be urged againft fome Schemes which I have lately feen
by an ingenious Artift, in which his Anxiety to produce Variety
and JVant of Uniformity has led him to devife Plans void of Conve¬
nience and Economy; how far void of Talle, I will not fay ; yet,
furely, Uniformity is effential to Beauty. 1 fay this, merely to op-
pofe a Talle which I confider falfe, and an Economy which is Pro-
fufion,
•* To render this Work as ufeful as poflible, to many of the Defigns the Plan of the
Chamber Floor is added to the general or Ground Plan.
n In
( vii )
In the Defigns for Town Houfes, or Houfes built uniformly in
Rows, in the Vicinity of great Towns, I have given Examples on
two different Scales, calculated for different Circumffances in Life;
in each will be found all the Conveniences and Comforts which
could poffibly be included in fo fmall a Space ; thefe, I hope, will
' have their Ufe, and add fomething to the Conveniences of focial
Life.
In thefe coflly Times, when Labour and Materials for building
are fo extravagantly dear, I am well aware many Gentlemen would
wifh to have Eflimates of the Expenfe of each Plan and Defign ;
thefe, I fear, would only lead to much Error and falfe Conclufions ;
as Difference of Situation and Circumflances will lead to endlefs
Variation; and I cannot fuppofe any of thefe Hints will be im-
plicity followed : having calculated nearly all of thefe Plans, ready
to be carried into Execution for my feveral Employers, I am pre¬
pared to anfwer Inquiries on this Subjedl; when, all Circumflances
being truly reprefcnted, an eafy and accurate Anfwer may be
given.
January 1800.
D. L.
No. 7, Thanet Place, 'PeiTiple Bar,
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CONTENTS.
PLATE I.
JPLAN and Elevation of a Defign for a Cottage, or Farm-houfe,
to be built of Stud-work, and the Walls rough-call. The Roof
thatched with Reeds.
PLATE IL
Plan and Elevation of a Farm-houfe.—This Plan prefents every
Convenience for a genteel Family, reliding on a refpedtable Do¬
main in the Country. The bell Rooms are intended to be pa¬
pered, and to have Paper Cornices. The Chimney-pieces of
Portland Stone, or of baked Brick Earth, which may be had call
of various Patterns, either coloured or bronzed : thefe are cheap
and elegant. Rooms may be made in the Roof, if requilite.
PLATE HI.
Plan and Elevation of a Dwelling in the Cottage Style.—The Plinth
to be of Flints j the Walls above to be rough-caft, and dafhed
with Pebbles ; the Portico formed of Trunks of Trees in the
rough j Windows of the Pattern here fhown, may be done of
common Lead-work.
b PLATE
( lO )
PLATE IV.
Delign for a Lodge, to be built at Thibbarton, in Suffolk ; pro-
pofed to be built of Mud-walling j the Plinth of large Pebbles,
or Flints.
PLATE V.
Plan and Elevation for a double Cottage.—The back Part is one
continued Hoping Roof, which covers the Wafli-houfe, &c.; to
the Cellar and Pantry it is neceffary to have a Ceiling, but to the
Wafli-houfe none. Two Bed-rooms may be obtained over the
Dwelling-room, for each Family.
PLATE VI.
Plan and Elevation for an ornamental Cottage, or Lodge, made for
a Nobleman.—By defcending five or fix Steps from the Dwell¬
ing-room into the Dairy, an additional Bed-room may be ob¬
tained over it, without varying the Height of the Wings ; the
Dairy alfo will be cooler for being funk.
PLATE VII.
Defign for a Country Refidence, made for the late Ruffian Conful
at Hamburgh, and intended to be built at Francfort.—The Offices
to be in the Bafement ; the Hall is propofed to be warmed by an
ornamented Stove.
PLATE VIII.
Plan and Elevation of a Villa; propofed to be built with Brick¬
work, and cafed with Compofition, or Stucco. The Ceiling of
the
( •• )
the Veftibule may be turned with Brick, and covered with Com- pofition.
PLATE IX.
Plan and Elevation of a Defign for a Villa, near the Sea-fide.
PLATE X.
Plan and Elevation of a Defign for a Villa.—The covered Way be¬
tween the Offices prevents them being offenfive to the Houfe.
The Trellis-work in Front ffiould be painted green, and inter¬
woven with Honeyfuckles, Woodbine, &c. It is propofed to
heat the Confervatory by means of the Copper Fire in the Waffi-
hoiife j and the Warmth may be very generally diffufed by Iron
or earthen Retorts, fixed in the Wall : the Fire in the Parlour
may alfo contribute to this Effedl. A Forcing-pump in the
Kitchen will fupply a Ciftern over the Water-clofet, whence
Water may be laid on to the Dreffing-room and Kitchen. A Re-
fervoir over the covered Way will fupply Rain-water for do-
mefiic Purpofesj this may be occafionally filled by the Force-
pump, which alfo will fupply the Bath, hot Water for the Ser¬
vice of which, may eafily be obtained by a Pipe from the Kitchen
Boiler. The Dreffing-room may be warmed by a Retort, heated
by the Kitchen Fire. By defcending a few Steps into the
Dreffing-room and Bath, a Chamber rnay be obtained over them,
the Entrance to which will be from the Landing on the Stairs.
PLATE XL
Ground Floor and Chamber Floor Plans of a Defign for a Villa, to
be creeled for a Gentleman at Ballymahon, near Mullingar, in Ireland.
b 2, p L iVl'-U
( '2 )
PLATE XII.
Elevation of the Lawn Front.
PLATE XIII.
Ground Floor and Chamber Floor Plans of a Defign for a Villa.—
The Plan of this Houfe is fo conftrudted, that all the Chimnies
are carried up in the external Walls; an Arrangement attended
with fome Conveniences, and at the leaft Expenfe. The Flanks,
or gable Ends, are finifhed with a Pediment, on the Apex of
which the Flues are brought into one Stack, over an Arch. It is
propofed, the Partitions Ihould be all of Quarterings with Lath
and Plaifter; thofe between the Kitchen, Drawing-room, and
Dining-room, excepted, which fhould be of nine-inch Brick¬
work. The Timbers in the Roof may be fupplied with Air,
by leaving Apertures in the external Walls, covered with Iron or
Copper Gratings.
PLATE XIV.
Elevation of the Entrance Front. /
*
PLATE XV.
Ground and Chamber Floor Plans of a Delign for a Houfe, to be
built at Abbots Langley, Hertfordfhire.
PLATE XVI.
Elevation of the Lawn Front. After much Confideration, another
Delign was preferred.
a PLATK
( '3 )
PLATE XVII.
Ground and Chamber Plans of a Defign for the foregoing Situation,
now carrying into Execution.—It is propofed there fhould be
Garrets in the Roof, the Windows of which are concealed by
being fixed in the middle Gutter, whence alfo the PalTage is
lighted by a Sky-light. Water is intended to be brought from
the Roof into a Tank funk under-ground near the Offices, which
will be fupplied by a Lifting-pump.
PLATE XVIIl.
Elevation of the South Front.
PLATE XIX.
Ground Floor and Chamber Floor Plans of a Defign for a Villa,
propofed to be ered;ed on the Banks of the Thames.
PLATE XX.
Elevation of the South or Lawn Front, towards the River.
PLATE XXL
Ground and Chamber Plans of a Defign for a Sporting Lodge.—
The Kitchen and Stable Offices are propofed to foim conefpond-
ing Wings on each Side the Houfe, and to be planted out by a
Shrubbery. The principal Front and Pilafters to be of Brick,
faced with artificial Stone.
PLATE XXIL
Elevation of the principal E'ront.
PI.ATE
( 14 )
PLATE XXIII.
Ground and Chamber Plans for a Villa, defigned to be eredted on
Clapbam Common.-—The Offices are in the Bafement Floor,
which is propofed to be arched.
PLATE XXIV.
View of the Entrance Front in Perfpedtive.
PLATE XXV.
Ground and Chamber Plans of a Defign for a Sporting Villa, in-*
tended to be carried into Execution on Epping Foreft.
PLATE XXVI.
Elevation of the Lawn Front.
PLATE XXVII.
Ground and Chamber Plans of a Defign for a Sporting Box, in a
Champaign Country.—The principal Room on the Chamber
Floor is well calculated for an Obfervatory.
PLATE XXVIII.
Lawn, or Garden Front.
PLATE XXIX.
Principal Floor Plan of a Manfion, defigned for a Nobleman, and
intended to be built at in the County of Kildare, in
Ireland, on the Banks of the Lifi’ey.—The Offices propofed to be
funk. The Rooms on the principal Floor are i8 Feet high, ex¬
cept the Withdrawing-room, which is 24 Feet high, over which
arc the Servants’ Rooms. The Elfate produces a fine Stone,
with which this Manfion is purpofed to be built.
PLATE
V
( -5 )
PLATE XXX.
Elevation of the principal Front.
PLATE XXXI.
Plans and Elevations for two Houfes, with Coach-houfe and Stables
attached, calculated for the Neighbourhood of the Metropolis,
or other principal Towns.—The Entrance Door leads alfo to the
Garden; the Servant’s Room over the Kitchen, communicates at
the Landing on the Stairs ; a Servant’s Staircafe may be placed
where the Pantry is marked in Plan B ; the Arrangement of
the Offices in Plan A, admits their abutting againft the Offices of
the adjoining Houfe, if that Diflribution ffiould be preferred.
Either of the Plans may be adopted for detached Houfes. A Se¬
paration is intended between the Gardens by a funk Foffe, with
an upright Poll; and railed Fence in the Middle, planted on each
Side with a low Shrubbery, on an Embankment raifed from the excavated Ground.
' PLATE XXXII.
Plan of a Defign for Six Houfes in a Row, with Stabling, Coach-
houfe, &c. for each ; fuitable for Situations hmilar to the fore¬
going, but on a more exterffive Scale.
PLATE XXXin.
Ground and Chamber Plans of one of the Houfes on a larger Scale.
A Room leading from the Drelling-room is allotted for a Shower Bath.
PLATE XXXIV:
Elevations next the Road of two of the Houfes, with the Entrances to four. ,
FINIS.
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