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A PRESENTATIONBASED ON

INDUSTRIAL TRAINING IN

DOORDARSHAN HIGH POWER TRANSMITTER, KANPUR

Submitted by: Guided by:Hina Saxena Mr. P.P SinghECE 4th year A.E.R.K.G.I.T, Ghaziabad Doordarshan, Kanpur

CONTENTS

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1. Subtopic-A case study related to DD/AIR.2. Recent Scenario Of Electronic Media3. Television In Day To Day Life4. Introduction5. A Short History6. TV Studio7. Vision mixer8. Audio & video chain9.MSR 10.Earth station11.OB VAN & DSNG

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BRIEF STUDY OF DECAY IN GOVT. SECTOR ELEC. ENTERTAINMENT MEDIA IN INDIA

(DORDARSHAN/ AKASHWANI)

V/S

4Elect. Media In Day To Day Life

INTRODUCTION

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Broadcasting:

Process of sending information to a distant place is called Broadcasting.

Means of Broadcasting in India: 1.Terrestrial 2.Satellite 3.Internet

Both AIR & DD make use of both Terrestrial & satellite.

A SHORT HISTORY

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1- Broadcasting started in India in the year 1923.2- AIR was formed in the year 1936.3- In 1947, AIR was covering 2.5% & about 11% of land & population respectively.4- 1st T.V Station was established in Delhi in 19595- T.V was separated from AIR in 19766- DD has 1500 Transmitters and 70 Production centers across the Country.

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TV STUDIO

• A Television Studio is an installation in which television or video productions take place by using several supporting equipments.

COMPONENTS OF TV STUDIO

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1. Camera2. Lighting3. Microphones4. Vision mixer and Audio consoles5. MSR6. VTR7. Acoustics8. Post production and video effects9. Supporting services like AC, UPS

VISION MIXER

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1. A vision mixer (also called video switcher, video mixer or production switcher) is a device used to select between several different video sources and in some cases mix video sources together and add special effects.

2. It has many input sources such as cameras, VCR/ server, Graphics/Character Generators etc.

3. Out of these i/p, any source can be taken as o/p.

4. Sources can be changed as cut to cut, dissolve, wipe and other special effects.

TYPICAL VIDEO CHAIN

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1-Use PAL system (720*576) in 4:3 aspect ratio.2-For TV Transmission It uses VSM .

3-It Uses C Band( DTH uses Ku band) and in the transmitter room it has two 10 KW Transmitters for Broadcasting.

TYPICAL AUDIO CHAIN

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DistributorAudio Console

Analog to AES

Converter

Earth station through

Optical Fiber

STL Link

Sources

MSR (MASTER SWITCHING ROOM)

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# It is the heart of the studio.# Most of the switching electronics is kept e.g. camera base stations, switcher main frame, Satellite receivers, MW link, DDA & most of the patch panels.# Signal is routed through MSR.# Signal can be Monitored at various stages

EARTH STATION

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Earth Station is a very important part of satellite communication system for

broadcasting of signals.

•It is an uplink center from which the signals are fed to Satellite for distribution in a specified area covered by the Satellite.

•The signal is up-linked from the Earth Station and received by many down link centers in TV broad casting via PDA.

•Two Types:1) Analog2) Digital•Digital Earth Stations are widely used because of various advantages over analog.

MAJOR COMPONENTS OF DIGITAL EARTH STATION

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• PDA (Parabolic Dish Antenna)

• FEED• Wave Guide / Low Loss

Cable• Up converter• Modulator• Encoder• Multiplexer• IRD (Integrated

Receiver Decoder)

OB VAN

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Outside broadcasting (OB) is the electronic field production (EFP) of television or radio programmes (typically to cover television news and sports television events) from a mobile remote broadcast television studio.

OB VAN

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• A typical OB Van is usually divided into 4 parts.

• The first and largest part is the production area or sitting area for all directors & producers.

• The second part of a van is for the audio engineer.

• The 3rd part of the van is video tape• The 4th part is transmission where the

signal is monitored by and engineered for quality control purposes and is transmitted or sent to other trucks.

If there is a live program to be telecast following options can be chosen.

Microwave link DSNG (digital satellite news gathering)

MICROWAVE LINK

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Audio and video signals are feed to micowave transmitter. Input video is processed and up converted to 12.25 & 12.30 GHz. Approx transmission power is 600 milli watts Transmit/ receive station is 1.1 m in diameter.

DSNG

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• Audio/ video input is processed by an encoder as per mpeg-2 standard.

• The audio and video along with other data are multiplied.

• Multiplied data forward error corrected using a standard technique.

• Error corrected codes are QPSK modulated at 70 MHz.

• The modulated signal is up converted to power amplifiers.

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DOORDARSHAN IS IN THE RACE !

1- Free To Air Service provider.

2- India’s National TV Channel / wireless Broadcasting

Media ( DD National/ DD News / DD Metro Etc. )

3- Directly works Under Government Policies .

4- Terrestrial Broadcasting of Programs In the

regional Languages that have similar contents that

belongs to the specific region. Likewise DD Bareilly,

DD Lucknow , etc.

5- Prasar Bharti, India have the largest amount of

Land , machinery and workers than any other Media

Provider company in India.

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DOORDARSHAN IS LOOSING THE RACE !

1- Not running with recent trends and Viewers Expectations.

2- No use of latest virtualization /visualization techniques in

educational/ informative programs so due to this they are so Boring.

3- Very Less TRP then Other Competitors in market, like colors, zee,

star etc.

4- Youth Content in Programs are so less. i.e. Music/ Employment

Programs/ Personality Improvement programs/ Quiz programs etc.

5- Not Utilizing their full assets.

6- Not interested in market survey at all.(No feedback from users

side).

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SUGGESTED SOLUTIONS

1- Give Chance to Young minds, so they can show their Creativity.

2- Best Optimized use of Presently availiable resources.

3- Understand the Funda’s of Todays Market. 4-4-4- Proper Promotion of programs by paid and free mediums.

4-Paid-High Resolution Cam/ Proper editing software.

5-Free- Facebook / Google/ Youtube.

6- Take support from the Experienced Co-operate persons to rise fast.

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CONCLUSION

• Overall a very nice experience .

• Learn about Team work power.

• Updated my knowledge about the National Income and also Doordarshan role in it.

• Practically watched how studio recording take place.

Finally I can say that this summer training make me feel like I am really a Future Engineer.

THANK U A

LL