High-Z target test at HiRadMatProposal 1409

C. Torregrosa, A. Perillo-Marcone, F. Loprete, M. Di Castro, D. Horvath, M. Calviani (EN/STI)With feedbacks from A. Lechner, S. Montesano (EN/STI)

HiRadMat Scientific Board Meeting14th March 2014

M. Calviani - High-Z target test at HiRadMat - proposal 1409

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Outline AD-target design and target R&D Proposed HiRadMat tests Beam requirements and experimental setup

14 March 2014

M. Calviani - High-Z target test at HiRadMat - proposal 1409

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Introduction Target material R&D: realization of a new

target for the antiproton physics in the AD machine and for future CERN projects

Challenging regime in terms of strain rates and stresses

High-Z material mandatory for AD physics: iridium, tungsten and tungsten heavy alloys under consideration

14 March 2014

M. Calviani - High-Z target test at HiRadMat - proposal 1409

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AD-target zone

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Production of antiprotons for the AD physics 26 GeV/c protons, 1.45*1013 p/pulse 60 kJ/spill 4 bunches separated by 105 ns 1.45*1013

p/spill Beam size: 0.5(H)x1(V) mm2 1s

M. Calviani - High-Z target test at HiRadMat - proposal 1409

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Target design

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Modular and compact device, composed by coaxial elements: Iridium production

material Inner core is a 5.5 cm Ir,

3 mm Ø cylinder embedded into a graphite matrix

Graphite cladding Water-cooled Ti alloy

body

M. Calviani - High-Z target test at HiRadMat - proposal 1409

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Energy density

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Max energy density due to beam in the target ~7.5 kJ/cm3/pulse

M. Calviani - High-Z target test at HiRadMat - proposal 1409

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Temperature transient in Ir rod (AD)

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2200 C° peak temperature single pulse

Temperature gradients of 2000 C° in <1.5 mm

Ir parameters at very high temperature not know in literature

M. Calviani - High-Z target test at HiRadMat - proposal 1409

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Strain rates

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Strain rates up to 4*104 s-1

Radial oscillation ~5-25 mm, max radial velocity 65 m/s

Frequency ~1 MHz

M. Calviani - High-Z target test at HiRadMat - proposal 1409

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Radial stresses

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Rod centre: Compressive ~10

GPa Tensile ~6.5 GPa

External surface: Compressive

~450 MPa Tensile ~300 MPa

M. Calviani - High-Z target test at HiRadMat - proposal 1409

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No real experience of material behaviour under these extreme conditions exists

Implicit FEM results are a coarse approximation of reality due to high dynamic stresses, high strain rates and high temperatures

Hydro-codes (collaboration with EN/MME): hydro-dynamic response of material at high

pressure and temperature HiRadMat tests with the objective to:

Cross-check with numerical results (EOS models, strength material models, etc.)

Experimental insights of material behaviour at such conditions

14 March 2014

M. Calviani - High-Z target test at HiRadMat - proposal 1409

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HiRadMat setup Material to be tested:

6 mm Ø rods, ~100 mm long Iridium, W, WL, WRe (2 for each) + 2 nickel coated

+ CuCrZr/Ni (~10 total) Installed on rotated wheel, allowing an

alignment accuracy of ≤100 mm Upstream hBN jaws (~400 mm long, 1l) for

beam alignment, 4 planes with 2 axis Tank in inert atmosphere (He), to avoid

oxidation (either leak tight or in slight under pressure with HEPA filters)

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M. Calviani - High-Z target test at HiRadMat - proposal 1409

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Preliminary tank ideas

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M. Calviani - High-Z target test at HiRadMat - proposal 1409

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Tank design of proposal 1409 (this) and 1410 could be very similar, with similar alignment requirements and instrumentation

M. Calviani - High-Z target test at HiRadMat - proposal 1409

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Beam requirements Pulse intensity ~1-5*1012 p/pulse Spot size: 1x1 mm2 1.5x1.5 mm2

Total number of medium-high intensity pulses: ~300-400 Ramp-up approach Other ~200 low intensity pulses could be anticipated

Integral intensity ~2*1015 POT Beam alignment/stability:

Maximum shift pulse-by-pulse ~100/200 mm Important to have it guaranteed, not only monitor

Monitor beam asymmetry ~100 mm

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M. Calviani - High-Z target test at HiRadMat - proposal 1409

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Observables and instrumentation1. Radial displacement of the rods, for different

longitudinal positions Attocube FPS3010 interferometer

2. Temperature increase on the target rod Fiber-optic based pyrometers

3. Images of crack propagation and possible particle projections

Fast camera (flash need to be procured)4. Strains gauges at various longitudinal positions5. Internal cracks

Ultrasonic sensors (EMAT)

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M. Calviani - High-Z target test at HiRadMat - proposal 1409

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Additional tools BLMs

Potentially standard ones installed close to the tank, hBN scan

Beam losses during alignment “button” BPMs

To be installed on the target seeing the beam to have real-time beam position on target

Resolution ~50-100 mm

14 March 2014

M. Calviani - High-Z target test at HiRadMat - proposal 1409

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Radiation levels (TID, HEH)

14 March 2014

O(~50) kGy/experiment @20 cmO(~1013) HEH/cm2/experiment @20 cm

Rad-hard electronics close to the experimental setup

Non rad-hard in the bunker upstream the tables

M. Calviani - High-Z target test at HiRadMat - proposal 1409

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Effect of a 7.2 us pulse HiRadMat pulse is ~15x longer than the AD-

target one dynamic response is different

14 March 2014

Long pulse reduces the radial stresses, staying in compressive state rather than oscillating between compressive to tensile

Beam parameters to be adapted

M. Calviani - High-Z target test at HiRadMat - proposal 1409

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Radioprotection aspects

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PRELIMINARY Pessimistic

evaluation based on all protons reaching a single target

~100 mSv/h at 10 cm after 6 months

M. Calviani - High-Z target test at HiRadMat - proposal 1409

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Conclusions We propose the realization of a HiRadMat

test of high-Z target materials Measurement of radial displacement and

cross-check of numerical simulations Important to assess which beam parameters

can be “guaranteed” Experiment could be foreseen for spring

2015

14 March 2014

M. Calviani - High-Z target test at HiRadMat - proposal 1409

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BACKUP

M. Calviani - High-Z target test at HiRadMat - proposal 1409

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HiRadMat conditions – intensity required to reach 2050 °C ~1.4*1012 p/pulse

W rod

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M. Calviani - High-Z target test at HiRadMat - proposal 1409

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Energy density variation

14 March 2014