High voltage CO2 circuit breaker type LTA Enhancing eco-efficiency

2 CO2 high voltage circuit breaker | ABB

ABB and environmental stewardship

ABB (www.abb.com) is a leader in power and automation technologies that enables utility and industry customers to improve their performance while lowering environmental impact. The ABB Group of companies operates in approximately 100 countries and employs around 145,000 people.

We strive to: − Design eco-efficient and recyclable products − Reduce the use of energy and materials in our operations − Phase out hazardous materials − Enhance suppliers’ environmental performance − Streamline the means of transporting goods − Reduce the impact of business travel

A complete range of high voltage circuit breakersABB offers the widest range of high voltage circuit breakers in the market. Our portfolio of live and dead tank circuit breakers ranges from 72.5 kV to 1200 kV, and of disconnecting circuit breakers from 72.5 kV to 550 kV. The LTA 72D1 circuit breaker is currently available in 72.5 kV.

While meeting the growing needs of high voltage circuit breakers globally, ABB aims to do so with the minimum environmental impact.

Available as both live tank and disconnecting circuit breaker, the LTA CO2 circuit breaker introduces a step change in environmental stewardship.

ABB | CO2 high voltage circuit breaker 3

ABB and environment stewardship 2

Standards 4

Applications 4

User benefits 4

High reliability

Simplicity

Ease of installation and operation

High Switching performance

Enhancing eco-efficiency over the life cycle 5

Material and manufacturing phase

Use phase

End of life phase

The disconnecting circuit breaker option 6

Performing flawlessly in a European grid system 6

Product dimensions and specifications 7

Table of contents

4 CO2 high voltage circuit breaker | ABB

Reliable and simple

The high performance LTA 72D1 is the first high voltage circuit breaker to use carbon dioxide (CO2) as the insulating and arc extinguishing medium.

StandardsThe LTA circuit breaker fulfils IEC 62271-100 circuit breaker and IEC 62271-108 disconnecting circuit breaker standards.

Applications

The LTA 72D1 circuit breaker is designed for: − 72.5 kV distribution networks with short-circuit breaking

current requirements up to 31.5 kA. − use as a conventional circuit breaker as well as a

disconnecting circuit breaker. − areas where reducing environment impact is high priority.

User benefits with ABB’s advanced technology

High reliability with an optimized low energy self-blast CO2 interrupter and mechanical spring drive.The LTA circuit breaker platform uses an optimized self-blast CO2 interrupter requiring extremely low operating energy and therefore lower operating forces within the breaker. It is developed using the same technology and similar components as applied in ABB’s widely used SF6 LTB product range, including the high conductivity, low resistive loss copper current paths.

ABB has the world’s most extensive range of mechanical spring drives for high voltage circuit breakers. The LTA 72D1 uses the same type of mechanical spring drives as applied in ABB’s SF6 LTB product range. This provides our customers with IEC Class M2, 10,000 operation lifetime drives which have common components with ABB’s extensive worldwide installed base of mechanical spring drive operated high voltage circuit breakers.

Simplicity with a common, single pressure dielectric and interruption mediumBy virtue of the optimized interrupter design, the LTA 72D1 uses a common single pressure CO2 gas mixture providing both the interrupting function and internal dielectric withstand. The CO2 level is monitored directly and continuously online (similar to other ABB gas-based circuit breakers). No separate dielectric media versus interruption media level monitoring is needed. No special training or tools are needed.

Ease of installation and operationThe LTA 72D1 allows simple and adjustment free installation. The centrally mounted mechanical spring operating mechanism allows operators safe and convenient access to all circuit breaker status indicators and operating controls. No special training or tools are needed.

High switching performance The LTA 72D1 offers the highest dielectric withstand capability of any (non-SF6) live tank breaker in its class, while at the same time providing long electrical contact endurance.

ABB | CO2 high voltage circuit breaker 5

ABB believes in minimizing environmental impact over the entire life cycle of the product, which includes the three phases of design & manufacturing, use and end of life. ABB follows the ISO standards for product development and for giving environmental declarations.

For the LTA circuit breaker the environmental impact evalua-tion has been made with regard to the global warming poten-tial (GWP). This is because GWP is generally the dominating category of environmental impact for products consuming energy during their lifetime. The result is expressed in CO2 equivalent emissions over the product’s life cycle.

The graph below shows a comparison of life cycle environmental impact of ABB’s LTA CO2 circuit breaker with ABB’s LTB SF6 circuit breaker considering service life of 30 years. The points below elaborate how the LTA technology has evolved for reducing environment impact in each of the three life cycle phases.

Design and manufacturing phase − The LTA circuit breaker is designed for minimum material

usage for its required ratings. − By replacing the conventionally used SF6 gas with CO2, the

impact of any SF6 gas leakage during the filling phase is avoided.

− ABB’s factory is ISO 14001 certified for environmental best practices and we also conduct regular environmental audits at our suppliers’ facilities.

Enhancing eco-efficiency over the life-cycle

Use phase − The high conductivity, low resistive loss copper current

paths reduce resistive losses. − The low operating energies used by ABB’s self-blast

interrupters combined with the efficient mechanical spring drives result in lower auxiliary power supply consumption

− By replacing SF6 gas with CO2, the impact of any SF6 gas leakage during the use phase is avoided. The LTA uses highly reliable gas sealing designs that are same as our SF6 gas circuit breakers and ensure a leakage rate of less than 0.5% per year.

End of life phase − On-line monitoring for preventive maintenance. − By replacing SF6 gas with CO2, the complications of SF6

gas recovery and disposal are avoided. − Use of materials which are easy to recycle or dispose. − Improved recycling and disposal through clear declarations

adjusted to different global boundary conditions.

Replacement of SF6 with CO2 has been the pre-dominant factor in reducing CO2 equivalent emissions over the product’s life cycle by ~10 tons or 18 percent over a 30 year life time period. This estimate is based on modeling developed in accordance with IPCC (Inter-Government Panel on Climate Change) 2007 methodology.

Comparison based on average operational data. Not intended to indicate any guaranteed performance values. Estimations are based on recommended methodologies of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and ISO standards.

SF6 losses: Service phase

Auxiliary circuit: Service phase

Primary circuit losses: Service phase

Design & manufacturing and scrapping phase

0 %

20 %

40 %

80 %

60 %

100 %

120 %

SF6 circuit breaker(LTB 72D1/B with BLK 222 spring drive)

CO2 circuit breaker(LTA 72D1/B with MSD1 spring drive)

Comparative CO2 equivalent GWP impact in 30 year service life

6 CO2 high voltage circuit breaker | ABB

An LTA CO2 concept breaker has been performing flawlessly since 2010 as a pilot installation at a 132/45 kV substation in Sweden. It is operated by Vattenfall and comprises of six 132 kV bays and nine 45 kV bays.

Positioned as a busbar circuit breaker, the LTA CO2 serves as a capacitor bank circuit breaker part of the year and as a line circuit breaker for the rest of the year. It performs about 400 breaking operations a year. The pilot LTA breaker has performed flawlessly.

Vattenfall is one of Europe’s largest generators of electricity, and its largest generator of heat. The company has long been a leader in developing and embracing new technologies that foster environmentally sustainable energy production. The deployment of ABB’s LTA CO2 disconnecting circuit breaker is an important part of Vattenfall’s efforts towards achieving this objective.

The disconnecting circuit breaker option The LTA circuit breaker is also available as a disconnecting

Performing flawlessly in a European grid system

The 145 kV pilot installation in Sweden has been working perfectly for the past two years.

circuit breaker (DCB). ABB pioneered the concept of DCB in 2000. In a DCB the disconnecting function is integrated in the breaker and no separate disconnectors are required. In the past, circuit breakers were mechanically and electrically complicated and required a lot of maintenance. Modern circuit breakers however require less maintenance than disconnectors and DCBs give the best results for equipment reliability and availability.

DCBs also further enhance equipment eco-efficiency of the equipment over the life cycle as:

− they use less primary apparatus and therefore lower raw material.

− have lower electrical losses during the use phase. − provide space saving of up to 60 percent.

Scalable TechnologyThe LTA 72D1 is designed for 72.5 kV but the flawless operations of the pilot project on 145 kV confirms the potential for applications on even higher voltage levels for ABB’s CO2 technology in the future.

ABB | CO2 high voltage circuit breaker 7

Dimensions and specifications

LTA D1, Two-column stand, Three-pole operation Rated voltage: 72.5 kV

Dimensions (mm) Rated voltage A B C D E F

72.5 kV 5204 1214 1260 3837 1500 3674

Available dimensions for phase distances and height to lowest part of insulator (mm)Rated voltage Phase distance

72.5 kV 1050 1500 1750

LTA RatingsVoltage 72.5 - 84 kV

Current 2750 A

Breaking current 31.5 kA

Frequency 50 Hz

Ambient temperature -50 to +50°C

Operation Three-pole

Product main partsCircuit breaker LTA D

Operating mechanism MSD 1

LTA DCB RatingsVoltage 72.5 kV

Current 2750 A

Breaking current 31.5 kA

Frequency 50 Hz

Ambient temperature -50 to +50°C

Operation Three-pole

Product main partsCircuit breaker LTA D

Operating mechanism MSD 1

Earthing switch NVA

Operating mechanism SM 800

LTA Circuit Breaker LTA Disconnecting Circuit Breaker (DCB)

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Contact us

ABB AB High Voltage Products SE-771 80 Ludvika, SwedenPhone: +46 (0)240 78 20 00 E-mail: circuit.breaker@se.abb.com www.abb.comwww.abb.com/highvoltage

©Copyright 2014 ABB. All rights reserved

NOTE: ABB AB works continuously with product improvements. We therefore

reserve the right to change designs, dimensions and data without prior notice.