high resolution carbonate reef interpretation using cross well data
DESCRIPTION
High Resolution Carbonate Reef Interpretation Using Cross Well Data. Thomas Morgan, Ph.D., Schlumberger Mike Raines*, Whiting Petroleum *formerly with Sandridge Energy. Sites: Michigan West Texas Focus: Gross Structure Internal Structure Depositional Environments. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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High Resolution Carbonate Reef Interpretation Using Cross Well Data
Thomas Morgan, Ph.D., SchlumbergerMike Raines*, Whiting Petroleum*formerly with Sandridge Energy
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Sites:Michigan
West Texas
Focus:Gross Structure
Internal Structure
Depositional Environments
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Geological Information
Well Logs
Geophysical Data
Geological Interpretation
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Michigan Silurian Reef
•Single profile•Isolated pinnacle reef•Only one additional well •No surface seismic available
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Tomographic Velocity Inversion
•Picked Direct Arrivals•3D Thin Layer Model•3D Ray Tracing•Model Interfaces and Layer Parameters Described by Chebyshev Polynomials
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Imaging•Kirchhoff Integral•Prestack Reflection Imaging•Depth•Dip Oriented and Aperture Limited•Ray Trace Travel Times from Tomographic Velocities•Angle Gather Output
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45 degrees30 degrees 70 degrees
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Interpretation Approach
Profile is in DepthExact depth tie at the wells – no time to depth conversion needed
Resolution at the outcrop level – human scale geology
Geological Interpretation versus Geophysical Interpretation
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Burnt Bluff Carbonate
Grey Niagaran
Evaporites
ReefZone
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Bioherm
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Organic Reef
Bioherm
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Bioherm
Organic Reef
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Bioherm
Organic Reef
Reef Rubble
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Organic Reef
Bioherm
Supratidal Island
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Bioherm
Organic Reef
Supratidal Island
Tidal Flats
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West Texas Permian Reef
•Multiple profiles•More complicated structure•Better well control•Surface seismic available
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Left
Middle
Right
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Wellman Unit7-6
Wellman Unit7-5
Wellman Unit5-13
Wellman Unit5-11
7-62/27/1981
7-511/13/1973
5-1310/1/1998
5-117/6/1987
<1,363FT> <2,154FT> <1,746FT>
0 100
GAMMA_RAY
6 16
Caliper
0.3 -0.1
Photo Electric
0.3 -0.1
Sonic Porosity
0.3 -0.1
Density Porosity
0 100
GAMMA_RAY
6 16
Caliper
0.3 -0.1
Photo Electric
0.3 -0.1
Sonic Porosity
0.3 -0.1
Density Porosity
0 20
PE
0 100
GAMMA_RAY
6 16
Caliper
0.3 -0.1
Photo Electric
0.3 -0.1
Density Porosity
0 20
PE
0 100
GAMMA_RAY
6 16
Caliper
0.3 -0.1
Photo Electric
0.3 -0.1
Density Porosity
0 20
PE
8000
8100
8200
8300
8400
8500
8600
8700
8800
8900
9000
9100
9200
9300
9400
9500
9600
9700
9800
9900
8000
8100
8200
8300
8400
8500
8600
8700
8800
8900
9000
9100
9200
9300
9400
9500
9600
9700
9800
9900
8000
8100
8200
8300
8400
8500
8600
8700
8800
8900
9000
9100
9200
9300
9400
9500
9600
9700
9800
9900
8000
8100
8200
8300
8400
8500
8600
8700
8800
8900
9000
9100
9200
9300
9400
9500
9600
9700
4 11.34# J-55
5 1/2 17# N-80
7 5/8 29.7# N-80
7 5/8 29.7# S-95
5 1/2 17# N-80
5 1/2 17# L-80
5 1/2 23# CR-80
7 5/8 29.7# L-80
SubseaTVD(ft)
SubseaTVD(ft)
-4600 -4600
-4700 -4700
-4800 -4800
-4900 -4900
-5000 -5000
-5100 -5100
-5200 -5200
-5300 -5300
-5400 -5400
-5500 -5500
-5600 -5600
-5700 -5700
-5800 -5800
-5900 -5900
-6000 -6000
-6100 -6100
-6200 -6200
-6300 -6300
-6400 -6400
-6500 -6500
-6600 -6600
-6700 -6700
Terry Co., Texas
HS=100
PETRA 3/9/2009 4:47:17 PM (Xwell 35 Hz_Interp.CSP)
~ Reef Top
Marker Near OWC
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Wellman Unit7-6
Wellman Unit7-5
Wellman Unit5-13
Wellman Unit5-11
7-62/27/1981
7-511/13/1973
5-1310/1/1998
5-117/6/1987
<1,363FT> <2,154FT> <1,746FT>
0 100
GAMMA_RAY
6 16
Caliper
0.3 -0.1
Photo Electric
0.3 -0.1
Sonic Porosity
0.3 -0.1
Density Porosity
0 100
GAMMA_RAY
6 16
Caliper
0.3 -0.1
Photo Electric
0.3 -0.1
Sonic Porosity
0.3 -0.1
Density Porosity
0 20
PE
0 100
GAMMA_RAY
6 16
Caliper
0.3 -0.1
Photo Electric
0.3 -0.1
Density Porosity
0 20
PE
0 100
GAMMA_RAY
6 16
Caliper
0.3 -0.1
Photo Electric
0.3 -0.1
Density Porosity
0 20
PE
8000
8100
8200
8300
8400
8500
8600
8700
8800
8900
9000
9100
9200
9300
9400
9500
9600
9700
9800
9900
8000
8100
8200
8300
8400
8500
8600
8700
8800
8900
9000
9100
9200
9300
9400
9500
9600
9700
9800
9900
8000
8100
8200
8300
8400
8500
8600
8700
8800
8900
9000
9100
9200
9300
9400
9500
9600
9700
9800
9900
8000
8100
8200
8300
8400
8500
8600
8700
8800
8900
9000
9100
9200
9300
9400
9500
9600
9700
4 11.34# J-55
5 1/2 17# N-80
7 5/8 29.7# N-80
7 5/8 29.7# S-95
5 1/2 17# N-80
5 1/2 17# L-80
5 1/2 23# CR-80
7 5/8 29.7# L-80
SubseaTVD(ft)
SubseaTVD(ft)
-4600 -4600
-4700 -4700
-4800 -4800
-4900 -4900
-5000 -5000
-5100 -5100
-5200 -5200
-5300 -5300
-5400 -5400
-5500 -5500
-5600 -5600
-5700 -5700
-5800 -5800
-5900 -5900
-6000 -6000
-6100 -6100
-6200 -6200
-6300 -6300
-6400 -6400
-6500 -6500
-6600 -6600
-6700 -6700
Terry Co., Texas
HS=100
PETRA 3/9/2009 4:47:17 PM (Xwell 35 Hz_Interp.CSP)
~ Reef Top (Erosional)
Marker Near OWC
On Lap
Shaley Lag Deposit
Stacked MoundsStacked Mounds
Inter-Mound COInter-Mound CO33 Debris Debris
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Wellman Unit7-6
Wellman Unit7-5
Wellman Unit5-13
Wellman Unit5-11
7-62/27/1981
7-511/13/1973
5-1310/1/1998
5-117/6/1987
<1,363FT> <2,154FT> <1,746FT>
0 100
GAMMA_RAY
6 16
Caliper
0.3 -0.1
Photo Electric
0.3 -0.1
Sonic Porosity
0.3 -0.1
Density Porosity
0 100
GAMMA_RAY
6 16
Caliper
0.3 -0.1
Photo Electric
0.3 -0.1
Sonic Porosity
0.3 -0.1
Density Porosity
0 20
PE
0 100
GAMMA_RAY
6 16
Caliper
0.3 -0.1
Photo Electric
0.3 -0.1
Density Porosity
0 20
PE
0 100
GAMMA_RAY
6 16
Caliper
0.3 -0.1
Photo Electric
0.3 -0.1
Density Porosity
0 20
PE
8000
8100
8200
8300
8400
8500
8600
8700
8800
8900
9000
9100
9200
9300
9400
9500
9600
9700
9800
9900
8000
8100
8200
8300
8400
8500
8600
8700
8800
8900
9000
9100
9200
9300
9400
9500
9600
9700
9800
9900
8000
8100
8200
8300
8400
8500
8600
8700
8800
8900
9000
9100
9200
9300
9400
9500
9600
9700
9800
9900
8000
8100
8200
8300
8400
8500
8600
8700
8800
8900
9000
9100
9200
9300
9400
9500
9600
9700
4 11.34# J-55
5 1/2 17# N-80
7 5/8 29.7# N-80
7 5/8 29.7# S-95
5 1/2 17# N-80
5 1/2 17# L-80
5 1/2 23# CR-80
7 5/8 29.7# L-80
SubseaTVD(ft)
SubseaTVD(ft)
-4600 -4600
-4700 -4700
-4800 -4800
-4900 -4900
-5000 -5000
-5100 -5100
-5200 -5200
-5300 -5300
-5400 -5400
-5500 -5500
-5600 -5600
-5700 -5700
-5800 -5800
-5900 -5900
-6000 -6000
-6100 -6100
-6200 -6200
-6300 -6300
-6400 -6400
-6500 -6500
-6600 -6600
-6700 -6700
Terry Co., Texas
HS=100
PETRA 3/9/2009 4:47:17 PM (Xwell 35 Hz_Interp.CSP)
~ Reef Top
Stacked MoundsStacked Mounds
Inter-Mound COInter-Mound CO33 Debris Debris
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Wellman Unit7-6
Wellman Unit7-5
Wellman Unit5-13
Wellman Unit5-11
7-62/27/1981
7-511/13/1973
5-1310/1/1998
5-117/6/1987
<1,363FT> <2,154FT> <1,746FT>
0 100
GAMMA_RAY
6 16
Caliper
0.3 -0.1
Photo Electric
0.3 -0.1
Sonic Porosity
0.3 -0.1
Density Porosity
0 100
GAMMA_RAY
6 16
Caliper
0.3 -0.1
Photo Electric
0.3 -0.1
Sonic Porosity
0.3 -0.1
Density Porosity
0 20
PE
0 100
GAMMA_RAY
6 16
Caliper
0.3 -0.1
Photo Electric
0.3 -0.1
Density Porosity
0 20
PE
0 100
GAMMA_RAY
6 16
Caliper
0.3 -0.1
Photo Electric
0.3 -0.1
Density Porosity
0 20
PE
8000
8100
8200
8300
8400
8500
8600
8700
8800
8900
9000
9100
9200
9300
9400
9500
9600
9700
9800
9900
8000
8100
8200
8300
8400
8500
8600
8700
8800
8900
9000
9100
9200
9300
9400
9500
9600
9700
9800
9900
8000
8100
8200
8300
8400
8500
8600
8700
8800
8900
9000
9100
9200
9300
9400
9500
9600
9700
9800
9900
8000
8100
8200
8300
8400
8500
8600
8700
8800
8900
9000
9100
9200
9300
9400
9500
9600
9700
4 11.34# J-55
5 1/2 17# N-80
7 5/8 29.7# N-80
7 5/8 29.7# S-95
5 1/2 17# N-80
5 1/2 17# L-80
5 1/2 23# CR-80
7 5/8 29.7# L-80
SubseaTVD(ft)
SubseaTVD(ft)
-4600 -4600
-4700 -4700
-4800 -4800
-4900 -4900
-5000 -5000
-5100 -5100
-5200 -5200
-5300 -5300
-5400 -5400
-5500 -5500
-5600 -5600
-5700 -5700
-5800 -5800
-5900 -5900
-6000 -6000
-6100 -6100
-6200 -6200
-6300 -6300
-6400 -6400
-6500 -6500
-6600 -6600
-6700 -6700
Terry Co., Texas
HS=100
PETRA 3/9/2009 4:47:17 PM (Xwell 35 Hz_Interp.CSP)
~ Reef Top
Shaley Lag Deposit
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Conclusions
• Depth profiles provide unambiguous well ties• Resolution allows a truer look at the geology• Geophysical effects pushed down to smaller scale• Reservoir level geologic Interpretation is possible
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High Resolution Interpretation of a Permian Reef
Michael A. Raines, Sandridge Tertiary, LLC, Thomas R. Morgan*, Ph.D., Schlumberger
Poster PDC P2, Station D1 Tuesday, October 27 at 11:40 a.m.
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Acknowledgments:
We would like to thank Sandridge Energy and Michigan Technological University for the use of the data.
References:
Bube, K., and R. Langan, 1999, On a continuation approach to regularization for crosswell tomography: 69th Annual International Meeting, SEG, Expanded Abstracts, 1295-1298.
Liao, Q., and G. A. McMechan, 1997, Tomographic imaging of velocity and Q, with application to crosswell seismic data from the Gypsy Pilot Site, Oklahoma: Geophysics, 62, 1804-1811.
Quan, Y., and J.M. Harris, 1997, Seismic attenuation tomography using the frequency shift method: Geophysics, 62, 895-905.
Huh, M.H., L.I. Briggs, and D. Gill, 1977, Depositional Environments of Pinnacle Reefs, Niagaran and Salina Groups, Northern Shelf, Michigan Basin, in: Studies in Geology No. 5, Reefs and Evaporites – Concepts and Depositional Models, AAPG, J.H. Fisher ed.