hidden tree cover loss in biologically rich landscape: forest transition in yunnan
TRANSCRIPT
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Hidden Tree Cover Loss in Biologically Rich
Landscape: Forest Transition in Yunnan
云南森林转型:生物多样性丰富景观中林木的隐形丧失
Jianchu Xu, Principle Scientist and Regional Coordinator, East and Central AsiaWith support from Zhuangfang Yi, Daniel Müller and Zhanli Sun
Presented at the Sloping Lands in Transition: Sharing Knowledge of China’s Conversion of Crop Land to Forest Program15 April 2014, Kunming, China
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Forest transition in China中国的森林转型
10
15
20
25
Nat
iona
l for
est
cove
r (%
)
GreatLeap
Forward
HouseholdResponsibility
SystemNFPPSLCP
Goal:23%
Goal:26%
1958 1981 1999 2009 2020 2050
Sources: Zhang (1949); Forestry Surveys (1976-2009); Forestry Ministry (2020, 2050)
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Not All Good Stories不完全是美丽的故事
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Plant species diversity in Yunnan云南的物种多样性
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Coniferous forest
Tropical rainforest
Moist evergreen broadleaf forest
Plateau wetland areas
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Forest Tenure and Transition林地权属和森林转型
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云南森林转型的三种类型
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Forest transition pathway(森林转型途径):1. economic development
pathway (滇东北的外出打工型)
2. smallholder intensification pathway (滇南和滇西南
的经济林木种植的劳力输入型)
3. forest scarcity pathway (滇
中地区的森林缺乏、经济增长和劳力输入).
4. Conservation pathway (滇
西北森林保护和旅游开发和劳力输入).
森林转型和人口流动
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10credit: Nature 2009 457:246
credit: Science 2009 324:1024
credit: Science 2009 324:1024
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Rubber Expansion in Xishuangbanna
西双版纳橡胶种植的扩张
87,000 ha 153,000 ha 424,000 ha (18.3%)
Xu et al. 2013 Ecological Indicators http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2012.08.023
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What explains
local forest transition pathways
in Yunnan province, Southwest China?
云南森林转型途径的地方解译?
Frayer et al., 2014. Land Use Policy 36: 248-258
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Village variations in forest cover changes
十个不同村庄森林覆盖的变化
0
50
100
150
Great Leap
Forward Cultural
Revolution
HouseholdResponsibility
SystemNFPPSLCP Reference
1958 1966 1981 1999 2010 2020
Plantation forest
0
50
100
150
1958 1966 1981 1999 2010 2020
Total forest
0
50
100
150
200
Great Leap
Forward Cultural
Revolution
HouseholdResponsibility
SystemNFPPSLCP Reference
1958 1966 1981 1999 2010 2020
Secondary forest
次生林
森林总面积
人工种植林
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Village variations in forest cover changes
0
50
100
150
200
Great Leap
Forward Cultural
Revolution
HouseholdResponsibility
SystemNFPPSLCP Reference
1958 1966 1981 1999 2010 2020
Secondary forest
次生林
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Village variations in forest cover changes
0
50
100
150
Great Leap
Forward Cultural
Revolution
HouseholdResponsibility
SystemNFPPSLCP Reference
1958 1966 1981 1999 2010 2020
Plantation forest
人工种植林
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Village variations in forest cover changes
0
50
100
150
Great Leap
Forward Cultural
Revolution
HouseholdResponsibility
SystemNFPPSLCP Reference
1958 1966 1981 1999 2010 2020
Total forest
森林总面积
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0
50
100
1960 1980 2000 2020
Secondary forest
0
50
100
1960 1980 2000 2020
Plantation forest
0
50
100
1960 1980 2000 2020
Total forest
Aggregated forest cover changes at
village level
次生林
森林总面积
人工种植林
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0
50
100
1960 1980 2000 2020
Secondary forest
0
50
100
1960 1980 2000 2020
Plantation forest
0
50
100
1960 1980 2000 2020
Total forest
State-forest programs
Aggregated forest cover changes at
village level
Yunnan forest transition: 1985
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0
50
100
1960 1980 2000 2020
Secondary forest
0
50
100
1960 1980 2000 2020
Plantation forest
0
50
100
1960 1980 2000 2020
Total forest
10
15
20
25
1958 1981 1998 2010 2020
National forest cover (%)
Forest transition: 1981
Yunnan forest transition: 1985
National forest cover (%)
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Intensification
Market-production
Subsistence
Expansion
Transitional pathway农民的林业管理已成为市场驱动的集约化种植
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How about Agricultural Land?农地的情况如何呢?
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Tree cover loss in agricultural land
云南农地十年间丧失林木覆盖面积等于西双版纳的面积
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Contact: Jianchu Xu
Principle scientist and Regional Coordinator East and Central Asia
Professor, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Email: [email protected]
Thank you!