Contents

Preface .............................................................................................................................................. v 27‘h European Peptide Symposium Commitees ............................................................................. V i i

Sponsors, Benefactors, Contributors, and Donors ........................................................................ V i l i

............ x 27‘h European Peptide Symposium. Number of active participants per countries.. .......................... XI

.................................. MI

European Peptide Society Committee and Council

European Peptide Symposia ............... Contents.. ............................. .................. .......

Abbreviations. ...................... ....................................................... Turning virulence on and off in Staphylococci Torn W. Muir ....................................................................................................................................................... 2

Peptide related drug research at the IDR Sandor Bajusz ..................................................................................................................................................... .6

Twenty years among opioid peptides. Affinity labeling of the opioid receptors. KalniAii Medzihradszky ...................................................................................................................................... 10

Peptidomimetics: control of chemical shape. The synthesis of cyclic p-amino acids using ring-closing metathesis Andrew D. Abell and .lames Gardiner ................................. ............ ..... 14

A synthetic strategy toward constraincd head-to-tail cyclopeptidcs Maria C. Alcaro, Giuseppina Sabatino. Mauro Ginanneschi, Mano Chelli, Armida Di Fenza, Paolo Rovcro‘ and Anna M. Papini .......... .............. ..... 16

New constrained amino acids for the siudy of the role of the basic residues in bradykinin antagonists Maria C. Alcaro, Tiillio Terzani, Franccsca Nuti, Mario Chelli. Fabrizio Mactietti, Laura Quartara. Kiccardo Patacchini, Stefania Mcini, Sandin Giuliani. Alberto Hrandi, Paolo Kovero. and Anna .M. Papini ................................................................................................................................................................. 18

Controlling the cysteine framework of N - - K cyclic analogues of a-conotoxin ImI Christopher J . Arinishaw, Julie L. Dutton, Richard J. Lcwis, David J. Craik. Paul F. Alewood ......................... 20

Peptide derived non-peptidic a4P7-integriii antagonists Torsten Arndt, Dirk Gottschling, Jucrgeii Boer, Anja Schuster. Hernhard Holzmann , and Horst Kessler ......... 22

An improved peptide SPOT synthesis method for CDX T cell epitope mapping Iiolger Wenscliuh, Thomas Ast, Dirk Schani , and Gemot Geginat ................................................................... 24

Crystal structure of a bicyclic bridged hcxapeptide Andre Aubry, Claude Didierjean, Jérorne Giovannoni, Muriel Arnblard, Ptiilippe Durand, Patrice Renaut, and Jcan blartinez ................................................................................................................................. 26

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The synthesis of histidine containing cyclic peptides Dirk Biichlc, Anke Kraft, and Norbert Sewald ............................ .28

Plant peptide hormone phytosulfokinc (PSK): Synthesis of new analogues and their biological evaluation hgata Bahyrycz, Yoshikatsu Matsubayashi. .Mari Ogawa, Youji Sakagami, and Danuta Konopinska ....................................................................................................................................... 30

XIV

Galanin receptor ligand and antisense oligonucleotides in the sludy of hippocampal galanin receptors Lajos Balapiri, Antony Mazaratti, and Tamas Hartfai .................................................................................... 3 2

Exploring difficult Fmoc deprotections Phillip \hi. Banda ........................................................................................................ 34

Synthesis and synthetic applications of N-TCP protected amino acids. Eduard Bardaji, Esther Cros, Xavier Mejias, KaTael Ferre, and Marta Planas .................................................... 36

Application of benzhydryl halides and amines in solid phase synthesis K. Barlos D. Gatos, V. Kalaitzi, C. Katakalou, E. Scariha, S. Mourtas, M. Karavoltsos, and G. Midard ................................................................................................................................... 38

New chromogenic substrates derived from insulin Tomislav Barth, Jana Strakova, Jana Barthova, Jana Suchankova and Vaclav KaSiCka ..................................... 40

Solid phase synthesis of bioactive fullero-peptides Alberto Bianco, Davide Pantarotto, Jean-Paul Briand,and Maurizio Prato ......................................................... 42

Antitumor screening of peptidomimetic compounds Gyorgyi Bokonyi, Lhszlo Orti, Zoltan Greff, Richard Schwab, Edit. Z . Szabo, Esaer Schafer. Ferenc Ho1 Iosy, and Gyorgy Kiri .................................................................... ...................... ....... 44

Effects of substrate tnirnetics on the flexibility of enzyniatic peptide synthesis Frank Bordusa ...................................................................................... ..... 46

Synthesis of pseudo-peptides containing amide bond replacements using a ‘Safety Catch’ linker. Gregory T. Bourne, Douglas A. Horton, Marc R. CarnpiteIli. lustin F. Coughlan, Nguri .i. Teakle, Stephen G. Lovc and Mark L. Smythe ............................................................................................................... 48

Highly acid-labile backbone amide linkers: o-BAL and T-BAL Ulrik Boas,Jcspcr Brask,Jern B. Christenscn,nnd Knud J. Jensen ...................................................................... 50

Unsaturated non-proteinogenic a-amino acids as versatile synthetic bui Iding blocks Q.B. Broxlerman, R.H. Blaauw, B. Kaptein. M. IJsselstijn, Floric P.J.T. Rutjec, and H E , Schocniaker ............................................................................................................................................... 52

A new racemization niechanism for amino acids Hans Brikkner, Jochen Kirschhauni and Ralf Patzold ....................................................................................... 54

A new class ofpeptide bioconjugates utilizes modified C-sugars to improve bioavailabiiity F. M. Brunei, K. G. ‘l‘aylor, A. I’. Spatola .......................................................................................................... 56

C.omparison of fragment condensation and stepwise approaches to the synthesis of synaptobrevin peptides Sergey V. Rurov, Anna V. Pavlot7kaya, Marina Yu. Doroch, Zoya I’. Shkarubskaya, Mohmmad- Ragher Salchi, Matirnoud ‘favaiìae, Seyyed .I. Mousavi, and Firoz Ebrahimi .................................................... 58

Synthesis of Combinatorial Neoglycopeptide Arrays o, Michael J. Nguyen. Michael D. MacL.areii. Dawn R. Bunieli, arid Vivek A.

Sasikumar ........................................................................................................................................................... 60

Synthesis of enantiomerically pure cyclopropane analogues o f protcinogenic. amino acids using chiral HPLC Carlos Caliviela, Ana I. Jiménez, Gema Ballano, and Pilar Lope

Will the N-terminus of human growth hormone releasing hormone (hGHRi i ) forni a polyproline (PPII) helix‘? Laura Czrvini, Cynthia Donaldson, Wylie Vale and Jean Rivicr ........................................................................ 64

Total chemical synthesis of cramhin Neeraj Chopra. rhhee Rang and Stcphen 13.11. Kcnr ......................................................................................... 66

New synthetic routes to dipeptide minietics Alexey N. Chulin, Igor I,. Kodionov, and Vadiin T. ivaiiov ............................................................................... 68

HRMAS-NMK monitoring of the assembly of resin-bound aggregating sequences: effect of the peptide loading and the solvent system Eduardo M. Cilli, Clovis R. Nakaie, Suely C. 1:. Kibeiro, Fabio C. L. Almeida, Keinaldo Mxchrtto and Ana P. Valente ................................................................................................................................................... 70

Synthesis of a glycopeptide with a partial structure o i a tunior associated mucin Irene Col avita, Domcnico Mastroianiii, and Horst Kunz ................................................................................... 72

synthesis and in vivo antiinflammatory activity of long chain 2-amino-alcohols Violetta Constantinou-Kokotou,Victoria Magrioti,and Diinitra Hadj ipavlou-Litina ......................................... ,74

Application of the DMSO/TFA oxidation to the one-pot regioselective formation of multiple disulfide bonds in peptides Alan Cuthbertson and Bird Indrevoll.. .......................................................................................................

Facile synthesis of a homopeptide containing seven consecutive sterically hindered residues of C'-methyl-valine via the azidoibromide method Alma Dal Pozzo, Ming Hong Ni, Quirinus H. Broxtermaii. Bernard Kaptein, and Fernando Forniaggio ......................................................................................................................................... 78

Cross-antigenic and cross-immunogenic properties of topological derivatives of amyloid beta 1-40 peptide Maria Rossi, Miriam Della Selua, Angela Sciirallo, Rocco &lone, Maurizio Colombo, and Antonio Verdoliva .......................................................................................................................................................... 80

Peptide aldehyde reactivity in aqueous solution: influence of the hydrated forni studied by Electrospray Mass Spectrometry Guy Le Fallier, Corirme tluré, and Agnks Delriias ............................................................................................ 82

Racemization studies on novel C1-HOBt-based coupling reagents Annida Di Fenra and Paolo Rovero ................................................................................................................... 84 Peptide cyclisation using polymer supported reagents Xavier Doisy and Dan Ifruh .................................................................................... .86

Tluinan glucagon-like peptide-1 amide (hGLP-1(7-36)NH21 i s cleaved by plasina enzymes not only at the N-tertiiiiius but also at the C-terminus-development of novel GLP-1 analogs which are highly resistant to enzymatic degradation Jesse %. Dong, Jundong %hang, Xiacijiin Zou. Ycclana Slien. John E. Taylor. Michael Culler, Chee-Wai Woon, and Jacques-Pierre Moreau .................................................................................................................... 88

ilevelopment of hydrophilic polyamide SynPhase.'" Lanterns: synthesis of a-ketoamide peptidomimetics Michael FitzGerald, Franccsca Ercole. Seiiake Perera, Phil Riley, Rhoiida Camphell, Yen I'ham, Philip Rea, Saiiian Sandatiayake, Zeiiiin Wu, and Nicholas J . Ikic ............................................................................... 90

Angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory properties of an equine casein tryptic digest and characterisation of some active peptides. Antiinio Silvio Egito. Mii~icllc Haiissard. Chitital Poinon. Jean-Miche1 Girardet? Sylvie Campagna. Laurent Miclo, and Jeiin-Luc Ciaillard .......... ................. .............. 92

Synthesis of ii«n-proteiiiogeiiic amino acids from ~~'-(4-t«lucncs~ilfOi-iyl) dehydroalaninc derivatives l'aula M.'T. Fcrrcira, H e m h i L.S. Maia, and Luis S. Monteiro .......................................................................... 94

On the synthesis of N'-glycosylated a,y-diamino acid containing peptides Fernando filim, Laura Biondi. Marina Gobbo, Elisa Giaiinini. Dante Goldin, and Raiiicro Kocchi .................. 96

Interaction bctween the TOAC nitroxyl radical and the photoexcitcd [t7e] fullerenc iriplet chromophore covalently linkcd to a peptide template feriiaiidc) Foriiia.gio.Cloudio Toiiiolo, I.'ederie« Della Negra,Miclielc Maggini. Gianfmiico Scorrano, Martina Mazzoiii, Antonio 'I'offoleiii, and Carlo Cowaja .................................................................................. 98

Serendipitous discovery of a reaction leading to peptide dialkyl peroxides Fernando Fortiiaggio, Alessandro Morcttci. Marco Crisrna, Sahtina Aniimcllo, Flavio marii in. Bernard Kaptein, Quirinus R. Rroxtcrnian, arid Claudio Tonioio .................................................................................. 100

XVI

Large-scale protein-protein-interaction mapping with synthetic peptide arrays: epitope- targeted proteome analysis Ronald Frank, Krzysztof Bialek and Andrzej Swistowski

Modelling of protein P2 from Huemophilus infuenzae: the role of surface exposed loops on MEK1 -MEK2/MAPK cascade activation Stefania Galdiero, Domenica Capasso, Mariateresa Vitiello, Marina D'Isanto, Erminia Di Niola, Carlo Pedone, and Massimiliano Galdiero

Synthesis of gamma-turn mimetics utilizing fast microwave-assisted palladium-couplings Jennie Georgsson, Mats Larhed, and Anders Hallberg ..................................................................................... 106

Synthesis and structural investigations of a a-hydroxylated P-hexapeptide Francois Gessier, Magnus Rueping, and Dieter Seebach ................................................................................. 108

Amino acid and peptide labeling with an azo dye Susana M.B. Fraga, M. Sameiro T. Goncalves, and Hernani L.S. Maia ........................................................... 110

Exploring different approaches for the stereoselective synthesis of amino acid-derived 4- alkyl-4-carboxy-2-azetidinones Rosario Gonzalez-Mufiiz, Guillermo Gerona-Navarro, M. Angeles Bonache, Carlos Garcia- Aparicio, Mercedes Martin-Martinez, M. Teresa Garcia-Lopez, Miriam Royo,and Fernando Albericio ............................................................. ...................................................... 112

Bivalent transition metal complexes of pseudopeptides useful for the hydrolysis of phosphate esters Georg Greiner, Wolfgang Poppitz, Ulrich Sternberg, and Siegmund Reissmann.. .......... 114

Morphiceptin anaologues containing a new p-turn thiazolidine mimeti ro Campiglia, Isabel Gomez-Monterrey, Alfonso Carotenuto, Laura Giusti, and Ett .......... 116

Urotensin-I1 (U-11) analogues containing modifications at disulfide bridge: synthesis, biological and conformational studies Paolo Grieco, Pietro Campiglia, Ettore Novellino, , Paolo Rovero, Enrico Zampelli, Riccardo Patacchini, and Carlo A. Maggi .............. ........................................................... 11s

New strategies for the asymmetric synthesis of peptides via conjugate addition of N-nucleophiles Carola Griehl, Ronny Andrecki, Simone Bieler, and Iris Thondorf .................................................................. 120

Application of non-proteinogenic amino acids: evaluation of coupling procedures Markus Gude and Sophie Barthélémy ................................................................................. 122

Modification of Phe'-Glg peptide bond in nociceptiniorphanin FQ( 1-1 3)NH2: synthesis and characterization in the mouse vas deferens Remo Guerrini, Ros a Zucchini, Daniela Rizzi, Girolamo Calò, Domenico Regoli, and Severo Salvadori .... .............................................................................................................. 124

of piperidinones. An expedient synthesis of (2S,5R)-5- hydroxylysine.

Evaluation of primary amines for peptoid synthesis and identification of by-products using LC-MS

Oostatic peptides with 3H-labeled proline: synthesis, biological activity, binding and distribution studies in the flesh fly Neobellieria bullatu Jan Hlavaeek, Blanka Benne arov, Jiiina Slaninova, Bohuslav Cerny, Josef Holik, and Richard Tykva ............... ............................................................................................ 130

Preparation and applicati0 id-derivatives useful for oxime ligation Jane Spetzler and Thomas Hoeg-Jensen .................................................................................................... Synthesis of Ig domain of emmprin carrying N-linked core pentasaccharide Hironobu Hojo, Eiichiro Haginoya, Yoshiyuki Matsumoto, Yoshiaki Nakahara, Kazuki Nabeshima, and Bryan P. Toole ............................................................

.......................................................... 102

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Gilles Guichard, Julien Marin, Claude Didierjean, André Aubry, and Jean-Paul Bnand ................................ 126

Trine S. Neerup, Xavier Doisy, and Paul R. Hansen ............................................................. 12s

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XVII

a-Conotoxin [Al OLI PnIA analogues as probes for nicotinic acetylcholine receptors G. Hopping, D.A. Hortoii, R.J. Lewis, and P.F. Alewood ................................................................................ 136

Synthesis and inhibition properties of diastereoisomeric hydroxyethylamine pseudopeptides Maiiiti I Iradilek, Jam I’rejdova, Talana Uhlikova, Jan Weber; Milan Soucek, and Jan Konvalinka ................ 138

Orthogonal chemical ligation for biomolecule engineering Paolo Ingallinella, Raffaele Ingenito. Daniela Fattori, Olaf Kinrel. Elisabetta Bianchi and Antonello Pes i ...................................................................... ......................... .................... 140

A novel method for the efficient loading of sulfonamide ‘Safety-Catch” linkers Raffaele Ingenito. Dijana Dreinjak, Stefan CiiMer. and Holger Wsnschuh

Wliat to synthesize‘? From Emil Fischer to peptidomics Vadim T. Ivanov ..................................................

Study of degradaLion pathways in sugar-peptide Andreja Jakas and Stefica Horvat ....................................

Influence of 1-aniinocyelohexanecarboxyf analogues on their pharmacological properties Beata Jastrzebska, Izabela Derdowska. WWeta Kowalczyk, ii!eiia Machova, Jiiina Slaninova and Bernard Lammek ............. ...................................................................................................................... 148

Solid-phase synthesis of tentoxin. Synthesis of a library of analogues Jose Carlos Jiménez, Hibiana Chavarria, Àngel Mper-Macii, Ivlinam Royo. €.rilest Giralt, and F Fernando Albericio ................................................. ........................ . 1 50

An unsaturated peptidomiinetic assembly derived fiom a carbohydrate John H. Jones, Ying-fit Chung, Timothy I1.W. Claridge , George W.J. Fleet, Stephen W. Johnson, and Andrew V Stachulski ....................................................................................................................................... 152

Synthesis of efrapeptin C Micha .lost, Karlheinz Altendorf, Zsuzsa Majer, Norbert Sewald ....................................................... First total synthesis of omphalotin A ~ a nematicidal cyclododecapeptide containing nine N-methyl amino acids Bemd Thcrn, Joacliirn Rudolph, Dietiiiar G. Schrnid and Gunthn Jung .......................................................... 156

A novel Cis-peptide bond motif inducing type VI p-turn. synthesis and biological evaluation of conformationally restricted enkephalin and morphiceptin analogues Iirzysztof Ka~ziiiarek, Nga N . Chuiig, Peter W. Schiller. and Janiisz Zabrocki ............................................... 158

Peptides of 4-methyl-pseudoproliiie derived from alpha-methylserine: synthetic approach and confonnational aspects. Joanna Katarzyiiaka, Stefm Jankowski, Krzysrtof fluhen, Miroslaw T. Txplawy. and J a i i u s ~ Zabrocki ......... 160

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154

Synthesis of [$-peptides by “Chemical Ligation” I hierry Kiininerliii. atid Dieter Sccbach ............................................. . . .162

Solid-phase synthesis of tyrosine sulfate containing a-conotoxinc Koiiki Kitagawa, Yuini Sekigawa, and Hidetoshi Fujiwara ............................................................................ 164

Synthesis and refolding of (320, ;i potential antigen lor human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (hRSV) vaccine Christine Klinguer-Hamour, Marie-Claire Bussat, Ilélène Plotriicl\y-(;ilquiIi, Dominique Velin, Kathalic Corvaia, Thien Nguyen. and Alain Beck ............................. ......................... 166

From a-amino acids to enantiopure y- and o-amino acids with proteinogenic side chains Vassilios Loiikas, Caterina Noiila, and George Kokotos ..............

Synthesis of dendriiners based on chiral n,n+l -diamino acids Evagelos Hellis. Theodoros Markidis, and George liokotos ........

Synthesis of spatially addressed library of alanine dipeptides from ruc-Z-Ala-OH by means of sub-library of chiral triazine condensing reagents immobilized on cellulose %bignie\t. J . Kaiiiiliski and Beata Kolesinska ....................................................................................

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172

XVIII

Synthetic glycopeptides for the development of tumor-selective antigens Horst Kirnz, Stefanie Keil, Nicole BéLay, Consianze Brocke. and Schastian DLiadek .........

Structure-activity relationship of human Urotcnsin I1 Patricia Labarrère, David Chaienet, Céline Marioimrau, J i r h e Leprince‘ Elizabeth Scalben, Alain Chavanieu, Bruno Pfeiffer, Pierre Renard, Pierre Pacaud. Hubert VaudT, and Bernard M a s ........................ 176

«SLAM» , Alkoxyamine / Maleimidc water soluble heterobifiinctionnal crosslinker Xavier Lacoux, Jean-Marc Dugua, Dario Narminio, Florence Vayssié.Pascal Dalhon, and Miche1 Jolivet ............................................................................................................................................................... 178

Selective nanoscale labeling of peptides in solution using photolabile protecting groups Norman Koglin. Manja Lang and Annette G. Beck-Sickinger ......................................................................... 180

Synthesis of MCoTI-I: a cyclic trypsin inhibitor from il.ion~onfica cochinc/zirzerzsI.s Dung Le Nguyen, Leo G. Barry, James Hernandez, and Tran-Chau Pham ..................

Synthesis of Met- & Trp-containin acids;Nsc-Ser(trt), Thr(trt), Tyr(trt)-OH H i m Jin Lee, Weonu Chweh,Yoiing-Deug Kim. Sang-Sun Lee, .................................................................... 184

Peptide array synthesis on a glass chip using micromirror array (MMAj and protein patterning Yoon-Sik Lee, Dong-Sik Shin, Do-Hyiin Kim, Ki-Hoon Jang, Kook-Puping Lee. and Yong-Kweon Kim ............ ....................................................................................................................................... 186

Synthesis, mass spectrometry analysis and potency of human parathymosin (1 O 1 amino acids) L. Leondiadis, V. Koutrafouri, E. Livaniou, N. Ferderigos. C. Zikos. D. S. Ithakissios: and G. Evangelatos. ...................................................... ................... ............. .... 188

Synthesis of peptides derivcd from C-alpha-hydroxymethyl-serine (HmS): increased risk of side reactions. Mirosiaw T. Leplawy, Marcin Stasiak, and Karol Kociotek ............................................................................. 190

De novo design and synthesis of quinoproteins for light-induced electron transfer Wenwu Li, Monika Sorniiierhalier. Wolfgang Lubitz, Thomas Carell, and Wolfgang lIaehne1 ..................... 192

Nociceptin antagonist analogues: structure-activity studies Melinda Ligeti. Lis110 kocsis, Ferenc Sipos, Gyfirgy Orosz, Siridor Henyhe, Anna Borsodi. Andras Z. RUnai, and Anna Magyar ................................................................................................................................. 194

Solid phase synthesis of peptidic aspartyl aldehydes Baosheng Liu, Yoshitaka Nemoto, I’reeti Hake and Shawn Lee ...................................................................... 196

Incorporation of [\-amino acids in bioactive peptides: a fkasomorphine case study Geinrna Moiinaro. Olga Fierro, Dominique Melck, and Luigi i.ongohardo ..................................................... 198

Solid-phase synthcsis of thiomethylcnpseiidopeptides Olga Fierro, Genima Molinaro. and Luigi Longobardo .................................................................................... 200

“I1 mondo 6 bello perché 6 vario”, expanding azahicycioaikdnone amino acid diversity. Efficient synthesis of pyrrolizidinone amino acid. Evelye Dietrich, and William I l . Lubell ...... ................... ................ ............ 202

Novel approach for enantiopure azapeptide synthesis: application of N-Boc-aza’-dipeptides in solution- and solid-phase peptide chemistry Rosa E. Meléndcr aiid William D. Liibell ........................................................................................................ 204

Synthesis and use of pyrrol-prolines for peptide mimicry. Ciuillaurne Jeannette and William I l . Liibell ............... ................ ...................... 206

New peptidyl-P-lactains: solution-solid phase synthesis for the preparation of antibiotic libraries Francesco Leonetti, Cristina Maccallirii, Saverio Ccllaniare, Daniela Jahec, and Angelo Carotti .................... 208

.... 182

XIX

P-I-Ioriioarginine-containing 0-peptides: structure and cell-penetrating ability Yogesh R. Mahajan, Magniis Rueping, and Dieter Sccbach ............................................................................ 210

Application of an alternative amphoteric solvent polarity scale for examining polymer solvation Luciana Malavolta, Eliandrc Oliveira, &ita N. Jubilut. Eduardo M. Cilli. and ClOvis K. Nakaie ...........

Cyclic peptides with the recognition epitope of VCAM-i M. Maiesevic, D. Zimmermann, U. Strijowski. N. Sewald .............................................................................. 214

Solid phase synthesis of new heterorganic nucleopeptidec based on an 6-ornithine backbone Vasilii A. Mandrugin, Natalia V. Sumbatyan, Galina A. Korahunova ............................................................. 216

Amino acid-derived 2-azetidinones: versatile synthetic intermediates for the generation of molecular diversity Mercedes Martin-Martinez. Guillermo Gerona-Navarro. M, Angelcs Ronache, Carlos Garcia-Aparicio. M. Teresa Garcia-Lopez, and Rosario Gonzdlez-Mufiiz ........

Solid-phase synthesis of peptide nucleic acids from 3'-tctrachlorophthaioyl protected monomers Xavier F.Mejias Ruiz, Marta Planas, Esther Cros, and Eduard Rardaji ............................................................ 210

Peptide synthesis mediated by lipases: further studies and new perspective Cleber W. Liria. Frank Rordusa, and M. Terècd M. Miranda ........................................................................... 222

Synthesis ol'conformationally constrained head-to-tail cyclic gomesin Alessandra Machado, Antonio Miranda, Sirlei Daffrc, Marcos A. Fdzio, and M. Terisa M. Miranda ............. 224

Subtilisin-catalyzed peptide synthesis using carbarnoylmethyl esters as acyl donors Toshifumi Miyazawa, Makoto Hiramatsu, and Takashi Yamada .................................................................... 226

Synthesis of a maruiosyl peptide as an acceptor substrate for a new il;-acetylblucosaiiiulyl- transferase Mainom Mizuiio, Hidc-ki Ishida, Tamao Endo, 7'oshiyuki Inam .................................................................... 228

Direct insertion o f pseudo-proline (WPro) systenis into cysteine containing peptides 1,tic Patiny, Jean-Franqois Guichou, Christine Boyat. Arnaud Ilainel, Olivier .1 urpin, and Manfred Mutter .............................................................................................................................................................. 230

Sol id-phase synthesis of dehydropeptides Kazuhiko Nakamura, Yuki Ohnishi, Eiji Horikawa, blasato Kodaka and Hiroaki Okuno ............................... 232

Confoniiatioiiai model for early stages of p-protein folding Gregory V. Nikiforovich and Carl Pricdcn ............... ................................................................................ 234

Chloroform-phenol mixed solvent for efficient segment coiidensatiori reaction of sparingly soluble protected peptides performed using solution or solid-phase method Y. Nishiuchi, H. Nishio, T'. inui, and I'. K.imura .............................................................................................. 236

Synthesis of new Fmoc-protected iminasugars to study the role of the glycusyl moiety in autoantibody recognition in autoimmune diseases Ikincesca Nuti, Stefano Ciechi, Elisa Peroni, Maria de la Cniz Pozo-Carrero, Benedetta Murzanti. Maria Paziagli, Francesco Lolli, Mario Clielli, Anna Maria Pnpini, and Albeito Brandi ................................. 238

Main-chain length effect on confòrrnation-activity relationship of membrane activc lipopeptaibol antibiotics Simona Oaiiceii, Cristina Peggion, Fernando Formaggio.i\lain Blond,Michcl Cheniinant. Sylvie Rebuff$, and Claudio Toniolo ......................................................................................................................... 240

Confoniiaticiiial study of peptides containing (S)-ethylleucine as a chiral a, a-disubstituted amino acid Makoto Oha. Masakazu Tanaka, Masaaki Kurihara, and I-iiroslii Suemiine ...........

Organocopper-mediated stereoselective synthesis of' multi-substituted alkene dipeptide isosteres and application to cyclic RGD peptides Shinya Oishi. 'I'ukac Kamano, Ayumu Niida, Hirokazu Tamamura. Akira Otaka, and Kobutdka T;tijii ............ 244

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242

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Cyclic opioid peptides containing a-alkylcysteines Aleksandra Olma, Magdalena Kedzierska, Andrzej U‘. Lipkowski, Andrzej iijchart and Marta Oleszczuk ..... ............................................................................................................................ 246

Synthesis of several subs osition 3 analogues of the naturally occurring peptide Tyr-M1F-I (Tyr-Pro-Leu- Svetlana S. Pancheva, Rositc , Efrossina P. Popgeorgieva, and Taniara I. Pajpanova ................... 248

An improved approach to the synthesis o f .&:-acyl- a. a-dialkylglycines, their esters and amides using Ugi‘s four-component reaction Susana P.G. Costa, Hemini L.S. Maia, and Silvia M.A. Pereira-Lima ............................................................ 250

Chemoselective oligosaccharide chain elongation in synthetic neoglycopeptides Francesco Peri, Simona Venturini, and Francesco Nicotra ............................................................................... 252

The mechanism of protein splicing: variations on a theme Francine B. Perler, Lixin t h e n , and Maurice W. Southworth .....

Introduction of lanthanide(lI1) chelates to oligopeptides on solid phase Jan Peuralahti, Hani Hakala, Veli-Matti Mukkala, Kristiina Loinan. and Jari Hovinen .................................. 256

Oxygen induced convertion of peptides and peptidomimetics from flax Bolesiaw Picur ..... ............................................................................................................. 258

Substrate mimetic-based approaches to the chemoenzymatic synthesis of proteins Angela Pohlmann and Frank Bordusa ... ........................................................ 260

Assembly of cyclic peptides and pseudopeptides designed for complexation of bivalent transition metal ions by different strategies Siegmund Reissmann, Sebastian Kuenzel, Susanne Nolden, Regina Reissmann, Jan Eckstein, and inge Agricola ........................................................................................................................................................... 262

Top 25 side-reactions and contaminants observed during the solid phase synthesis oi’ linear and cyclic peptides Peteris Romanovsljs and Arno F. Spatola

Design and synthesis of benzodiazepine-based turn mimetics incorporated in A n g I1 Ulrika RosenstrOm.Gunnar Lindeberg, Milad Botros. Anders Karlén, and Anders Mallberg ........................... 266

Enantioselective synthesis of pl-amino acids by I ,4-radical addition followed by hydrogen atom transfer Jacques Huck, Jean M . Keceveur, Marie L. Koumestant, and Jean Martinez ................................................... 268

Synthesis o f “difficult sequences” of highly aggregating peptides Menotti Rum, Filomcna Rossi, Pasquale Paliadino. Ettore Benedetti and Carlo Pedone. .............................. ..270

A comparative study of coupling reagents for automatic multiple peptide synthesizers Giuseppina Cabatino, Barbara Mulinacci. Maria C. Aicaro, Mario Cheili. Paolo Kovero, and Anna M. Papini ............................................................................................................................................................... 272

An expeditious peptide synthesis in solution with the use of Nsc-amino acids Vladimir V. Samukov, Pave1 I. Pordnyakov, Nikolai N. brpyshev, Dana V. Lrbedeva, and Ilack-Jcxi Kim ........... 274

Synthesis and conformational analysis of distinctin a bioactive peptide from Phv1lomrdu.w distinla Andrea Scaloni. Ciiuseppina Aidreotti, Marina Sanseverino, iwna Zwchi, Pietro Amodeo, and Andrea Motta ........ 276

Investigation of N-acyl- ydipeptide amides as somatostatin analogs: synthesis and receptor- affinity measurement Laurent Schaeffcr, Daniel Hoyer, and Dicter Seebach ..................................................................................... 278

Development or small molecules that mimic the action of w-conotoxins Chnstina I. Schroeder, Gregory T. Bourne, Mark L. Sinythe. and Richard J. Lewis ....................................... 280

Ability of bis-intercalators peptide libraries fimctionslized with 9-aminoacridine to block an aggregation o f HuPrP 106-126 (difficult sequence) in presence of gc-rich DNA

........................................................ 254

........................................................ 264

Jarosiav Sebestik. Jan HlaviEek, and Ivan Stibor ...... ....... ,282

XXI

Enzymatic peptide synthesis using inverse substrates: comparicuii o f catalytic efficiency of trypsin fiom cold-adapted species (chum salmon and Atlantic cod) at low temperatures Hai-uo Sekizaki, Kuiiiliiko Itoh, Eiko Toyota, arid Kaziitaka Tanizawa ........................................................... 284

Peptidoniiinetics and their incorporation into peptide opioids Nicole D. Smith, Sophie Perrin-Ninkovic, and Murray Goodniari ................................................................... 286

Conformational properties of cyclic peptides containing 2-aininocycloalkane carboxylic acids IJ. Strijowski, N. Sewald ...................

Fluorescently labelled peptides a gene delivery vector Alctbea R . Tabor, Erwanri Guiiiin. Paul Bcll, Michael Pilkingtoii-Miksa. Sus Hurley, Ahstair Nicol, I>aiiiel Zicha. lleleii C:. Hailes, and Stephen I.. Hart. ...

Strategies for the solid phase synthesis ol'chiral PNAs with a high optical purity 'lullia 'Tedeschi, Stefano Sforza, Roberto Corradini, Arnaldo Dosscna. and Kocangela Marchelli..

Mesylates and xziridines derived from a-amino acids. application to pseudopcptides synthesi c Josiane Tbierry and Vincent Servajean ............................................................................................................ 294

Deterniining the pharmacophore structure o f SUbStrdtes of the niammalian peptide transporter (PepT i ) by inolecular modeling investigaiicins Iris Thondorf, Sabine (iebaurr, Aniiegriet Biegel, Bianca liartrodt. Ilka Kniiiier, Matthicis Brundsch, and Klaus Neubert ............................................................................................................................................ 296

Synthesis and biological evaluation of highly active nonpcptidic avp? integrin antagonists Gcorgette Thiitnshirn, G b o r A. G, Sulyok, Dirk Weber, Siinon L. Goodinan. Matthias Wiesrier, and Horst Kccsler _._._ ................................................................................................... 298

Protease-catalysed isopeptide synthesis via substrate mimetics strategy Sven 'Thust, Nicole Wehokky, Mandy Alicch, Klaus Burger, Frank Bordiisa, and Beate Kokscli ................... 300

Synthetic antiniicrobial peptides designed froin sequence templates Alessandro Tossi,Nikolinka Aritcheva, Igor Zelezetsky, Sabrina Pacor.Ulrike Pag, and Hans-(ieorg Sahl .................................................................................................................................................................. 302

Pro'"-Tyr" substitutions provide potent or selective NT(8-13) analogs. Dirk Toumé, Koeii Itcrheke, Gabriella Torok. Georgcc Laus. Ferenc FUlOp, Anial Péter, 1:ranqoise Ricbard, and Patrick Kii.abgi ............................................................................................................................ 304

Synthesis or the third traiismeinhrane segment or proteolipid protein (PLPj using Finoc chemistry with pseudoproline amino iic c chemistry: a comparative study hl lan Clrbach and Elisabeih Trifilieff ...... ............................................................... 306

Preparation of 3-alkylproline derivati Masaaki Ucki, Hirokazu Suzuki, and Tomoya Ozeki ...................................................................................... 308

Combined 2',6'-dimetliyltyrosine and P-incthylphcnylalanine substitutions in TIPP provide potent O-opioid ligands. Dirk Touwé,lsabelle Van Den Eyide, Jan Piron.Guntcr Cariens. Gera 'loth! Marc Ceusters, Mirek JurLak, Lieve Ileylen. and Thcu Meert.

A gcncral synthesis of 2-substituted 4-ai~iin0- I .2,4,S-tetrahydro-2-beiizazepine-3-oiles. conformationally constrained phenylalanine mimetics. Karolien Van Rompaey, Isabelle Van den Eynde and Dirk Toiirwk ................................................................. 312

Solution and solid-phase synthesis of partially-modified retro-peptidcs incorporating a [CH,CH(CF,)CO] unit Alessandro Volonterio, I'ierfraiicesco Bravo, Monica Sani. and Marre» Zandn ........................

A novel methodology for solid-phase synthesis utilizing the characteristics of glutamic acid Tateaki Wakarniya, Daisaku Yoshida. Yasuhiru Mizuki, Kiyohiko Hanataii, Yoshihiro Yainagiiclii~nd Tetcuo Shimanlolo ..... ............................................................................................... ~ 1 4

...................................................... 288

and lunction o l a non-viral

... 290

.. 292

............................................................. 310

XXII

Enzymatic synthesis of neo-peptidoglycans mediated by substrate mimetics Nicole Wehofsky. Reik Loser. Andrij Buchynskyy, Peter Welzel, aiid Frank Bordusa ....

Structure activity relationship with synthetic lipopeptides inducing celi activation through Toll like receptor 2 Karl-Heinz Wiesmuller, Gunther Jung, Dietmar Schmid, Roland Brock, Sohnke Voss, Reiiate Spohn. Maria Manoukian, Ute Uuwitt-Beckmann, tlolger Heine, and Artur J . Ulmer ................................................. 320

On-resin formation of the GlyY[CI-fzNII]Aaa type reduced peptide bond by Mitcunobu alkylation. Kazimierz Wisniewski ...................................................................................................

Synthesis of bioactive endomorphin analogs containing 1 -aiiiinoc~~clopropane- 1 -carboxylic acid Takashi Yamada. Mirei lino. Kiyotaka Magoshi, Ryoji Yanagihara, Toshifuini Miya~aw-a. Naoto Shirasu, lakashi Honda and Yasuyuki Shimohigashi ...................................................................................... 324

Asymmetric synthesis of fully protected (2'i,3R)-N( 1 ',i '-di-me~hyially'~-3-hydrox~~~tophan, a new amino acid found in anti-inflammatory cyclic peptide cyclumarin C Zhu-Jun Yao and Shi-Jun Wen ......................................................................................................................... 326

Synthesis of some precursors of bioactive peptides by different proteases in non-aqueous media Yun-Hua Ye, Ping Liu, Guo-Wen Xing, Gui-Ling Tian. Kin-Sing Lee. Mau-Sau Wong, and Wai-Hung to ............ 378

Diasteretiselective synthesis of RXP 407, a potent pseudopeptidic inhibitor of ACE-I. able to differentiatc bet . two active sites Athanasios Yiotakis, os Makaritis. Dimitris Georgiadis: h'lagdalini Matziari, and Vincent Dive . PI side chain diversification of phosphinic peptide analogucs Athanasios Yiotakis,Andreas Mores, Magdalini Matziari, and .4nastasios Makaritis ...................................... 332

Solution and solid phase diversification of phosphinic peptide analogues Athanasios Yiotakis,.Magdalini Matziari, Dirnitris Georgiadis, Anastasios Makaritis, and Vincent Dive ........ 334

Synthesis and characteriLation of the N",N"-dimethylarginirie rich C-terminal region of human nucleolin Sotir Zaliariev, Corrado Guatiiaccia, Francesco Zanuttiii, Alessandro Piiitar, Gordana Maravic, and Candor Poiigor .................................................................................................................................................. 336

Synthesis and antipsychotic activity of conformationally coilstrained "tripeptuid" neurotensin analogues Natalia Zaitseva, Tatiaiia Ciudashcva, Rita Ostrovskaya, Irina Sedih. Marina Retiinskaya. and 'Taiiana Voroniria .......................................................................................................................................................... 338

A new high-pcrforiiiancc polypropylciic-based nicmbrane support for the parallel synthesis of peptides and sinall organic compounds Norbert Zander, Frank Ditirich, Kairin Michaelis. Werner Tcgge, &id Ronaid Frank ...................................... 340

Acyl groups as protection for imidazolc. Stability studies of !V-acylimidamlts and application to solution aiid solid-phasc peptide synthesis Siinone Zarainella. Roger Strombery. and Esther Ychcskiely .......................................................................... 342

Application of high capacity riminomethylated polystjene resins to the Finoc culid phase synthesis o f Leu-Enk Christos Zikos. Nikolas Ferderigos, and Gregory P. iivanpelatos .................................................................... 344

Fmoc solid phase synthesis and in~inunochemical evaluation of thyiriosin be ta4 Chrictos Zikos, Leondios Ixondiadis, Irene Vassiliadou, Evangelia Livaniou, Yikolas Ferderigos,and Dionyssis S. Ithakissios .................................................................................................................................... 346

Relationship between structure and cell permeability of oligopeptides and related compounds Miki Akamatsu , Rick» Ano, Yukitaka Kimura, Motohiro Sliima, and Ryuichi Matsuno ................................ 348

Chiral high-performance liquid chromatographic enantioseparation of a-substituted proline analogues Anta1 Peter, Gabriella T»r»k, Erika Vékes, .)o Van Rctsbrcigge, Dirk Tounvé and Wolfgang Lindner ............ 350

.................... 318

I'

XXIII

Characterization of the 3 i,,-helix by IIRMAS NMK spectroscopy .4lberto Bianco, Nathalie Lancelot, b r i m Elbayed, Jésus Raya, Martial Piotto, Jean-Paul Bnand- Fernando Formaggio, and Claudio Toniolo ....................... Discrete conformational states of short linear peptides in solution: experimental evidence of a new concept Nikolaos Riris, Atlianassios Stavrakoudis, Anastasia S. Pulitou, Lmmanuel Mikros, Maria Daitsiotis- Cakarellos, Constantinos Sakarcllos, and Vassilios Tsikaris ............................................................................ 354

Design of a monomeric protein catenane John W. Blankenship and Philip E. Dawson ..........

A 16.6 kDa disulfide-linked dimeric 4-helix bundle carboprotein: synthesis, CD spectroscopy, adsorption to hu(ll1) elcctrodes, and XPS and in situ STM studies Jesper Orask, Haiiier Wackerbarth, Jingdong Zhang, Jcns E. Andersen, Jens Ulstrup. and tuiud J. Jenscn .......................................................................................................................................... 358

Alaniethicin scquences reconsidcred Jochen Kirschbaum, Ruth K. Winzheirner, and liaiis Rriickner ....................................................................... 360

Sequences of pcptaibol antibiotics trichoaureoc.ins from Trichoderma aureoviride tians Bruckner, Jochen Kirsclibaum, and Andreas Jaworski ............................................................................ 362

Oxidative folding of Amaranthus a-amylase inhibitor Maia i'emaiar, Sotir Zahariev, Jakob 5. Lopez.

A study of energetics of formation of mole base interactions in polypeptides by using ob initio and potentiometric methods Mariusz Makowski, Anna Kozak, Maigorzata Czaja, and Lech Ciirnur~ynski ................................................ 366

Structure-activity relationship of lactain bridge gomesin analogues Marcos A. Fazio, Alessandra Machado, Sirlei Daffre, M. Ter&sa M. Miranda, and Antonio Miranda ............. 368

Structural analysis o f the interaction of diepoxybutaiie with haemoglobin by LC/ES/MS. Evaluation of alkylated peptides as biomarker of the occupational cxposure to 1,3- butadiene Adriana Basilc, Pasquale Ferranti, Antonio Maloriii, Leonard0 Soleo, and Nicola Sannolo ............................ 370

Helical polypeptidcs: solution and surface studies Maryc Anne Fox and James K. Whitesell . ............................................................................ 312

Glycopeptide minietics as "puzzles" in understanding the bi?logical phenomena Ivanka Jcric, Maja RoSCi6, Cornelis Versluis, Albert J. R. ileckand Stefica Horvat ........................................ 374

FT-IK studics on the efyect of p-sheet breaker peptides on the conformation and aggregational properties of P-aniyloid[ 1-42] and PrP[106- I261

New diamino acid dcrivatives containing anthraquinone moiety Leszek Lankiewicz, Katarzyna Krzywkowska, Piotr Falkowski, Aneta Szqmanska, Ihrota Zaneczanska, Jaromir Kira, and Tadeusz Ossowski ....................................................................................... 378

Convergent molecular modeling of a-helix- and P-sheet-inducers towards artificial transcription fàctors of the GCN4 and Met-repressor classes Christian Lchmann ............................... .................................................. 380

Circular dichroism and conformation of oostatic peptides: carrier-like role of the C-terminal (Pro), sequence Petr Malofi, Hana Votavovà, Rlarika Bentiettovi, Ric.hard Tykva, Jan Mank, and Jan Hlavaèek ............

Mixed peptide-protein arrays for the sensitive and specific serodetcction of antibodies Xavier Duburcq. Christophe Olivier, Florence Urbès, Frkdéric Malingue, Claude ,4uriault, Ahnied Bouzidi, I félkne Gras-Masse, and Oleg Mclnyk ............................................................................................... 384

Antibody recognition of synthetic antigens from MUC 1 Zoltan Danbczi, (iabor Mezo. Emokc Windberg, Zsolt Ckribsnek. and 1:erenc Hudecz ................................... 386

............................................ 352

................................................................................... 356

ro Carugo Jonathan A. lones, Peter I . Hore, and

and ionic heterocomplexes modelling acid-

Sandor Pongor. .................................................... .................................................................................. ,364

Éva Kleineiit, Maria Zarindi, Kalalin S o h , Giibor Paragi, and Botond Pcnke ........ ............. 376

XXIV

Towards rationally designed glycopeptide antigens recognizing autoantibodies in multiple sclerosis patients Barbara Mulinacci, Elisa Peroni, Giuseppina Sabatino, Benedetta Mazzaiiti, Marta Pazzagli. Maria de la Cniz Pozo-Carrero, Mario Chelli, Alfonso Carotenuto, Paolo Kovero, Francesco Imlli, and Anna M. Papini ............................................................................................................................................................. ..388

p-turn and 310-helical peptide spacers for exciton coupled CD studies Simona Oancea, Fernando Formaggio, Sandro Campestrini, Quiriniis B. Broxterman. Bernard Kaptein, and Claudio Toniolo ......................................................................................................................................... 390

Induced axial chirality in the pro-atropoisomeric Bip u-amino acid for configurational assignment Simona Oancea, Fernando Formaggio,Anne Gaucher,Karen Wright, Natalie Toulemonde, ?Aichsl Wakselman, Jean-Paul Mazaleyrat, and Claudio Toniolo ................................................................................ 392

Conformational and sequence requirements for the interaction between the chemokine SDF-1 and the CXCR4 receptor Pasquale Palladino, Ettore Benedetti, Carlo Pedone. Raffaele Ragone,Filomena Rossi, and Michele Saviano ............................................................................................................................................................ 394

Cyclic peptides %om different flaxes Picur B., Brzezicka A,, Chliszcz P., Cebrat M.. Lisowski M., Olejarnik M.. Ruchala P., Spiewak K., and Siemion 1.Z ...............................................

Peptoid residues and p-turn formation Mario Rainaldi, Vittorio Moretto, Marco Crisma, Evaristo Peggion. Stefano Mammi, Claudio Toniolo’ and Giorgio Cavicchioni .... .......... ...........

A fluorogenic histone deacetylase assay well suited for high-throughput screening Daniel Riester, Dennis Wegener, Frank Winching, and Andreas Schwi

Do beads suffer stress? Gloria Sanclimcns, Laia Crespo, Miquel Pons, Ernest Giralt, Fernando Albcricio, and Miriam Royo ............ 402

Polylysine characterization using mass spectrometry Gina Schlosser, Zoltan Takats. Gabor Mczo, Fcrcnc Hudecz, and Karoly Vekey ............................................ 404

New chemical tools for mechanism-based discovery and profiling of protein families in functional proteomics Norbcrt Scwaid, Miriam Hagcnstein, Kai Jensscn, Katherina Steinbcra, Jan Mussgnug, and Olaf Kmse ...

Identification of T-cell epitopcs using SPOT-synthesized peptides Mathias Streitz, Bemhiird Ay, Andreas Paschkcwitz, Florian Kern, and Rudolf Volkmcr-Fngcrt

Using capillary electrophoresis to study methylation effect on KNA-peptide interaction Agnieszka Szyk, I’iotr Mucha, I’iotr Kekowski, Richard Guenther. and I ’ d F. Agns

Acridine-hased fluorophores in pcptide studies Anela Szymanska, Wicsiaw Wiczk, Jcr7y Karulczak, and L.cszck Larikiewicz .......................

Evolutionary combinatorial chemistry: a novel tool for SAR studies on peptide transport across the blood-brain barrier Meritxell Tcixido, Ignacio Bclda, Sonia Cionzilcz, Miriam Fahrc, SenEn VilarO, Joscp M. Garrell, Xavier Kosell6, Fernando Albericio, and Ernest Giralt .................................................................................... 414

New conscnsus hydrophobicity scale extended to non-proteinogenic amino acids Alessandro ‘l’ossi, Luca Sandri, and Anna Gjangaspero ................................................................................... 416

Stability of modified linear and cyclic epitope peptides in human senim and towards lysosomal enzymes Regina Tugyi, Gabor Mez6, Kaialin LJray, Annamaria Jakab. Erzskbet Fcllinger, and Fercnc Hudecz .....

TOAC-labeled bradykinin analogues: conformational studies in model membranes and correlation with the biological activity Renaia F. I . Vieira, Fabio Casallaiiovo, Simone R, Barbosa, Eduardo M. Cilli, Antonio C. M. Paiva, Shirley Schreier, and ClOvis R. Nakaic .......................................................................................................... 420

. .

....................................................................................... 396

408

410

........... 412

xxv

Binding modes of histidine in copper(I1) complexes of oligopeptides - a circular dichroism study Ilre Vosekalna, Bela Gyiircsik, and Erik Larsen ............................................................................................. 422

i letnoglobin degradation pathways in Iiumaii erythrocytes Oleg 3. Yatskin, Andrei A. Karelin, Marina M. Philippova, and Vadim T. Ivanov ...................................... ..424

Novel P-defensins: cysteine-rich peptides of the innate and adaptive immune system Kniit Adermann, Jose-Ramon Conejo-Garcia, IAf Forssmann, Erino Kluver. Heinrich Sticht, and Wolf- Georg Forssmann ............. ..................................................

Synthesis, interaction iologicat activity of the la sequence: SIKVAV Nuria Almifiana, Maria Pilar Kivera-Fillat, Maria Rosa Grau-Oliete, Vana A. Alsina. and Francesca Reig ............... 428

Clot permeable peptide inhibitors of thrombin and factor Xa Sandor Bajusa, Eva Barahas, Irén Fauszt, Attila Juhasz, and Gabriella Szabo ................................................. 430

Isolation of casein-dcrived antibacterial pcptides from rabbit milk Maria Baranyi, Ursula Thomas, and Antonio Pellegrini. .................................................................................. 432

The interaction of dDAVP analogues with human platelet vasopressin receptors l'omislav Barth. Nevena Pencheva, Jana Barihova, Marin Penev, Linda I lauzerovi; and Antoaneta iMladenova ............. 434

Acute and chronic effects of the CCK,-receptor agonist (SR146131) on body weight development, feed consumption and the pancreas in rodents Martin Bickel, Matthias Gossel, and Gerhard Jaehne ....................................................................................... 436

Synthesis and antigenic properties of the identified epitopes of the Helicobacter Pylori C'agA protein Nikolaos Biris, Sevasti Makropoulou, Eugenia Panou-Pomonis. Chrisa Boidarou. .Andreas Mentis. Ketty Soteriadou, Maria Sakarellos-Daitsiotis, Constantinos Sakarellos, and Vassilios l'sikaris .................... ,438

Components of tissue specific peptide pools: contribution to regulation of cell growth Elena Yu. B1ishchenk.q Olga V. Sarunova, Konstantin V. Leoniiev, Sergei V. Kiiaidukov, Yur?; A. Sheikine, Dmiiiy I. Sokolov, kina S. Fi-eidlin, Oleg N. Yaiskin, Marina M. Philippova, Andrei A. Karelin, and Vadiin 7'. Ivanov ......... ............... 440

Synthetic antidotes against snake neurotoxins Luisa Bracci, Luisa Lozzi, Chiara Falciani, Barbara Lelli, Alessandro Pini, Andrca Hemini. Neri h'iccolai, and Paolo Neri .................................................................................................................................. 442

ikzymatically hydrolyzed chitosail as a carrier for presentation o f bioactivc peptides Kyszard Brzeziiiski, Natlialie Cot&, Uorneiiico Regoli, and Witold A. Ncugcbaucr.

Identification ol' an antibacterial peptide derived kom the sequence of bovine milk component PP3 Sylvie Cainpagiia, Anne-Gabrielle Mathot, Yaiinick Fleury, and Jean-Luc Gaillard ....................................... 446

................................. 444

A new lipophilic captopril analogue Flurine Cavclier, Daiiiirn Marcliarid. Jean-C'ldudc Galle) rand, and lean Manine7 448

Fluorescent form ofthc oxytocin inhibitor Rtosiban Alicc Ciencialova , Lenha Klasova , Jana Barihova , 'Tornislav Barth ~ Ilans Villiardt and Thomas Engstroin ......... 450

ikrivatives of tlic native antibacterial peptide pyrrhocoricin exhibit desirable pharmacological properties in vitro and i17 vivo Mare Cudic. Harry A. Condie, Daniel J . Wcincr, Elena S. Lysenko, and Laszlo Otios, Jr. ............................. 452

Targeting VhGF receptors using designed pol>peptidcs Luca D. D'Andre.1, Roberto Fattorusso, Coneetia Carannarite and C'arlo Pedonc ,454

Riofunctionalization o f different surface types via cc433 integrin selective KGD peptides Claudia Dtiliineii, IJlricli Herscl, Marlin Karitlchiier, Iorg Auci-nlieiirier, Dirk kinsinger. J6rg Meyer, I'airicia Schaffncr, Alfred Jonczyk, k i t e Dicfenhach, Berlhold Nics. and Horst Kessler ......................

Lksign, synthesis and biological activity of new analogs of antistasin 1)antcho L. Danaiev. Lyuboinir T'. Vezenkov. and Boryana Grigowvii ............................................................ 458

XXVI

New analogues of arginine vasopressin with prolonged inhibition of vasopressor responses to this hormone. Izabcla Derdowska, Hcata Jastrzqhska. Wivleta Kowdiczyk, Juanna Jane& ~ Marek Janecki. Henryk LTrzeciak, and Renard Laiiimek ....................................... ............ 460

Structural features, antimicrobial and membrane properties of'hlicrocin E192 Delphine Destoumieux-Garzon, Bénédicte Boscher, Xavier Thomas. Christophe Goulard, Michel Barthélémy, Anne-Mark Pons, Sylvie Rehuftai, and Jean Péduzii. ................................................................ 462

Synthetic peptides mapped on angiostatin K4 domain inhibit endothelial cell migration Monica Dettin, Silvio Hicciato, Claudia Scarinci, Edith Cline, Mark W. Lingen, and Carlo Di Bello. ............................................................................................................. 164

Peptides for accumiilation of heavy metals Luck DoleEkova, Romana Bohuslavova, 1,ucie Pichova, and TomaS Rum1 ...................................... Synthesis of peptides-based biorganic-inorga Samiran Kar, Jean-Olivier Durand, Carl Blanchet, Michel Granier. Gerard Lanneau, Pascal Joly , IIélène Gras-Masse, and Oleg Melnyk ............................................................................................................ 468

The bioactivity of sugar - amino acid / peptide interaction products K. F. El-Massry; A. H. El-Ghorab and A. Farouk ............................................................................................ 470

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide inhibited the P-amyloid-induced neurotoxicity and activation of caspase-3 Kosuke Endo, Satomi Oiioue. Keiichi Ohshinia, Takehiko Yajima. and Kazuhisa Kashimoto ........................ 472

Somatostatin (SRIF) analogs that contain L-threo-P-methyl-naphthylalanine in position 8 selectively bind to human SRIF receptor subtype 4 (sct,) Judit Erchegyi, Botond Penke, Lajos Simon, Scott Michaclson, Sandra Wcngcr,Beatrice R'ascr. Jean- Claude Schaer, Jean Claude Reubi, and Jean E. Rivier ................................................................................... 474

Growth hormone sccrctagogues. synthesis and biological evaluation Jean-Alain Fehrentz, Vincent Guerlavais, Damien Bocglin, Romano Dcglicnyhi, Vittorio Locatelli, Giampiero Muccioli, Corado Ghé. Ezio Ghigo and Jean Martinez ................................................................... 476

Synthesis and in vitro opioid activities of cyclic derniorphin analogues containing a carbonyl bridge Danuta Pawlak, Katarryna Filip, Maria Olesrczuk, Jacek Wojcik, Nga N. Chung, Peter W. Schiller. and Jan Izdcbski ............................................................................................................................................... 478

Monomeric and dinicric cyclic peptides as potent niinietics and inhibitors of' BDNF Jordan M . Fletcher and Richard A. Hughes ..................................................................................................... 480

Analogues o f a potent oxytocin antagonist with truncated C-terminus or shorter amino acid side chain of the basic amino acid at position 8 George Flouret, C)livier C'haloin, and Jiriiia Slariinova ..................................................................................... 482

Novel bicyclic analogues of a potent oxytocin antagonist

..... 466

George Flourct, Olivier C'haloin, and Jirina Slaniiiovii .................................................................................... 484

losteric supramolecular catalyst for the cleavage of phosphate esters io Toiiiolo, Alessandro Scarso. Ute Scliel'fer. Michaci Giibel. Qui r inw 13.

Uroxteixnaii, Hcmard Kapteiii, arid f'aolo Scriinin ...........................

Polymyxin B nonapeptide analogs: biological evaluation and niolecular tIaim Tcuhcry, Itzhak Ofck, Sofia Chheii, Miriam Eiseiistciii, arid Mati Fridkin ....

Encdpsuialioii of new biologically active peptides into liposomes Kuia Frkancc. Jelka 'I'omaSiC, Branka VrancSiC, Beata llalassy Spoljar, and Marina Krstanovic .................... 490

Concept.ual expansion of protein internalization mediated by arginine-rich peptides Shiroli Futaki. Tomoki Sumki. Ikuhiko Nakace, Miki Niwa. and Yukio Sugiura ............................................ 492

Conformatioiial prefcrcnces of peptidcs containing reverse-turn mi Robcrta Galeaui, Giovanna Mobhili and Mario Orena ...............................

486

......................... ,488

XXVI I

In vitro activity of cathelicidin peptides against fungal clinical isolates Renato Gennaro, Monica Benincasa, Donatella Nobili, Maura Mattiuzzo, Paolo De Paoli, Giancarlo Basaglia, and Margherita Zanetti ................................................................................... A journey from bradykinin peptide antagonists to peptide and antineoplastics Lajos Gera Daniel C. Chan Eunice J. York Vitalija Simkeviciene Daiva Bironaite Adomas Vagonis Paul A. Bunn, Jr. Laimute Taraseviciene-Stewart, and John M. Stewart

Potent cyclic angiotensin I1 analogues confirm the ring cluster conformation: implications in the design of AT1 non-peptide antagonists Nektarios Giatas, Anastasia Zoga, Maria-Eleni Androutsou, Panagiota Roumelioti, Panagiotis Zoumpoulakis, Ludmila Polevaya, Demetrios Vlahakos, Thomas Mavromoustakos, and John Matsoukas ............................................................................... 500

Synthesis and biological activity of a new and highly potent ligand for somatostatin receptors 2, 3 and 5 Mihaela Ginj, Damian Wild, Jorg S. Schmitt, Jean-Claude Reubi, Beatrice Waser, Marion de Jong, Bertrand F. Bernard, Eric P. Krenning, and Helmut R. Macke ......................................................................... 502

Sulfonamido 0-peptides. Synthesis and activity of For-Met-Leu-Phe-OMe analogues containing 0-substituted taurine residues Cesare Giordano, Susanna Di Segni, and Susanna Spisani ............................................................................... 504

Potent and selective peptide agonist/antagonist analogues at human melanocortin receptor-4 Minying Cai, Paolo Grieco, Dev Trivedi, Matthew Hammer, and Victor J. Hruby ................................ Design of novel dipeptides with anxiolytic activity on the base of CCK-4 Tatiana A.Gudasheva, Ekaterina P.Philippova, Vera K.Briling, Mark A.Konstantinopolskiy, Larisa G. Kolik, and Sergei B. Seredenin ........................................................................................................................ 508

Synthesis and characterization of new quinazolyl amino acid derivatives as potential bioavailable antitumor agents B a h t Hegymegi-Barakonyi , Laszlo Orfi , Jhos Pat0 , Gyorgyi Bokonyi , and Gyorgy Kéri ....................... 510

Synthesis and in vitro T cell immunogenecity of oligopeptides corresponding to the 91-1 10 region of 16kDa protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Szilvia Bosze, Nadia Caccamo, Zsuzsa Majer, Francesco Dieli, Gabor Mezo, and Ferenc Hudecz

Synthesis of SXWS peptides and their chemotactic activity on a ciliated protozoan Tetrahymena pyriformis Eszter Illyés, Orsolya Lang, Laszlo Kohidai, Szilvia Bosze, Ferenc Sebestyén, and Ferenc Hudecz ............... 514

Synthesis of the first highly potent inhibitor of the three vasopeptidases : endothelin converting enzyme (ECE), angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and neprilysin (NEP).

Nicolas Inguimbert, Hervé Poras, Pascale Coric, Frank Teffo, Francoise Beslot, Marie-Claude Foumié- Zaluski, and Bernard-Pierre Roques ................................................................................................................. 516

Development of lead compounds focusing on prevention of infective endocarditis using combinatorial peptide libraries Hiro-O Ito, Kiyoshi Nokihara, Sakiko Soutome, Shizue YamamotoSetsuko Sato, Takafumi Ohyama, and Masakazu inoue ................................................................................................................................. Enhanced immunogenicity of a single-dose antigen based on nanospheres with antigen presenting cell-targeting function Yuji Ito, Yasuhiro Kajiwara, Aoi Kimura, Shuhei Hashiguchi, Mitsuru Akashi, and Kazuhisa Sugimura ....... 520

New potent GH-RH analogues containing homoarginine residues Jan Izdebski, Ewa Witkowska , Danuta Kunce , Alicja Orlowska, Boguslawa Baranowska, Malgorzata Radzikowska and Marek Smoiuch .................................. Multiple antigen glycopeptides (MAGS) with Tn tumour antigens and incorporated adjuvant: synthesis and immunobiological activities Jan Jeiek, Shree Kelkar, Pave1 Vepiek, Marian Hajdkh, Jan Sejbal, and TomaS Tmka ................................. 524

496

.............................................. 498

512

............................ 522

XXVIII

Peptide-based protease inhibitors of the hepatitis C virus full-length NS3 protein (protease- helicase/NTPase) Anja Johansson, Eva Akerblom, Gunnar Lindeberg, Anton Poliakov, Susanne Winiwarter, Helena U. Danielson,and Anders Hallberg ...................................................................................................................... 526

Inhibition of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) amyloid formation and cytotoxicity via structure-based, selective N-methylation of amide bonds of amyloid core sequences Aphrodite Kapurniotu, Anke Schmauder, and Konstantinos Tenidis ...........

Development of focused tyrosine kinase inhibitory library and testing against MDR Gyorgy Kéri, Laszlo Orfi, Gyorgyi Bokonyi, Tamas Hegedus, B a h t Hegymegi-Barakonyi, Axel Ullrich, and Balazs Sarkadi .............................................................................................................................. 530

Nobel peptide nucleic acids that contain pyrrolidine rings of various stereoisomers Mizuki Kitamatsu, Masanori Shigeyasu, and Masahiko Sisido ........................................................................ 532

Conformationally constrained analogues of neuropeptide Y bind to the NPY Y 1 receptor Norman Koglin, Chiara Zorn, Oliver Reiser and Annette G. Beck-Sickinger .............................. Biological activity of the immunomodulatory peptide SCV-O7 against murine tuberculosis Alexander A. Kolobov, Andrey S. Simbirtsev, Natalia V. Pigareva, Naialia V. Zabolotnych, Tat’yana I. Vinogradova, Alexander Y. Kotov, Cynthia Tuthill, and Alfred R. Rudolph ................................................... 536

Design and synthesis of indolicidin analogues with enhanced positive net charge and amphipathicity Nikolay I. Kolodkin, Maria P. Smimova, Vladimir G. Afonin, Vladimir M. Shpen, and Jurii V. Tyagotin .......

Identification of GLGPRPLRF-NH2 (AF9) as a peptide activating C39E6.6, the C. eleguns GPCR implicated in social behavior in worms Teresa M. Kubiak, Martha J. Larsen, Susan C. Nulf, Marjorie R. Zantello, Katherine J. Burton, Tomislav Modric, and David E. Lowery .......................................................................................................... 540

The power of attraction: Dmt is the universal opioid determinant Lawrence alvadori, Gianfranco Balb d Sharon D. ............................................ ......... 542

Structure-activity relationship of rat octadecaneuropeptide: importance of the leucine residues Jér6me Leprince, Hassan Oulyadi, David Chatenet, David Vaudry, Olfa Masmoudi, Pierrick Gandolfo, Daniel Davoust, Hubert Vaudry and Marie-Christine Tonon ........................................................................... 544

Identification of the angiotensin IV receptor as insulin-regulated aminopeptidase: enzyme inhibition by AT4 ligands. Rebecca A. Lew, Siew-Yeen Chai, Tomris Mustafa, Sharon G. McDowell, and Anthony L. Albiston ........... 546

Identification of peptidomimetic HTLV- 1 protease inhibitors containing allophenyl- norstatine as a transition-state isostere Hikoichiro Maegawa, Tooru Kimura, Yasuhiro Ani, Yasuko Matsui, Yoshio Hayashi, and Yoshiaki Kiso ............... 548

Synthesis of the citrullin-containing epitope peptides of filaggrin Anna Magyar, Marta Brozik, Rita Tobi, Timea Szabo, Péter Gergely, and Ferenc Hudecz

Synthesis, conformation and biological activity of new oxytocin analogues Maria Fragiadaki, Stamatios Koumentakos, Vassiliki Magafa, Georgios A. Spyroulias, Evy Manessi- Zoupa, Jiiina Slaninova, and Paul Cordopatis .................................................................................................. 552

Design of vasopressin agonists with high affinities and selectivities for the human Vlb receptor Maurice Manning, Stoytcho Stoev, Ling Ling Cheng, Sylvain Derick, Mohamed Ben Mimoun, and Gilles Guillon ................................................................................................................................................... 554

Peptide mimics of subunit B of DNA gyrase in interactions studies with coumarin drugs Saulo S. Garrido, Andreza C. Scatigno, Eduardo Maffud Cilli, and Reinaldo Marchetto ................................. 556

Design, synthesis and conformational properties of linear analogues based on human myelin basic protein epitope MBPI., 1 Spyros Deraos, Theodore Tselios, Ioanna Daliani, George Deraos, Panagiotis Zoumpoulakis, Lesley Probert, Anastasios Troganis, Thomas Mavromoustakos,and John Matsoukas ................................................ 558

XXIX

Investigations on the effect of integrin-specific peptides on angiogenesis Ralph-Heiko Mattern, Amanda Omlor, Sergio Caballero, Jose Cardenas, Juerg F. Tschopp,Maria B. Grant,and Michael D. Pierschbacher ................................................................................................................ 560

Preparation of synthetic antigens and bioconjugates containing oligo-tuftsin carrier molecule Gabor Mezo, Annamaria Jakab, Gitta Schlosser, Szilvia Bosze, and Ferenc Hudecz ............................

Protein-detection systems using structure-based peptide libraries and peptide microarrays Hisakazu Mihara, Mizuki Takahashi, Kenji Usui, Tetsunon Ojima, Akihiko Ueno, and Kiyoshi Nokihara

Template-directed ligation enhanced by complementary interaction using nucleobase amino acids Hisakazu Mihara, Sachiko Matsumura, and Akihiko Ueno .............................................................................. 566

Small peptide dendrimers with antimicrobial properties Jolanta Janiszewska, Joanna Swieton, Aleksandra Misicka, Andrzej W. Lipkowski, Zofia Urbanczyk- Lipkowska ..... ............... .......... ....................................... 568

De novo design of peptides containing L-a-nucleobase amino acids and their recognition of hairpin RNA Hideo Miyanishi, Tsuyoshi Takahashi, Akihiko Ueno, and Hisakazu Mihara ................................................. 570

Laminin peptides maintain activity when conjugated to a chitosan membrane Motoyoshi Nomizu, Mayumi Nobuo Sakairi, and Norio Nishi

Substance P conversion neuromodulatory effect of the undecapeptide Qin Zhou, Mathias Hallberg, Milad Botros, Per-Anders Frandberg, Pierre Le Grevés, and Fred Nyberg ....... 574 The synthesis of aminomethyl substituted azaphenylalanine derivatives as thrombin inhibitors Ale5 Obreza and UroS Urleb ............................................................................................................................ 576

Enhanced intracellular PNA concentration and -antisense activity mediated by a cell- penetrating amphipathic model peptide Johannes Oehlke, Gerd Wallukat, Angelika Ehrlich, Burkhard Wiesner, Hartmut Berger, and Michael Bienert ............................................................................................................................................................. 578

Multifunctional antibacterial peptides Laszlo Otvos, Jr., Goran Kragol, Anne-Marie Bencivengo, K. Johan Rosengren, Philippe Bulet, Ralf Hoffmann, and Mare Cudic .............................................................................................................................. 580

A bactericidal domain of lysozyme with helix-loop-helix structure present a strong antimicrobial activity Antonio Pellegrini, Ursula Thomas, and Hishan R. ibrahim

Innovative biocompatible immunoadsorbents containing immobilized selective glycopeptide antigens for multiple sclerosis therapy Elisa Peroni, Francesco Lolli, Barbara Mulinacci, Francesca Nuti, Mario Chelli, Paolo Rovero, and Anna M. Papini ................................................................................................................................................ 584

Antimicrobial activity of N-terminal kagments of Bac7, a cathelicidin-derived PR-rich peptide Elena Podda, Donatella Nobili, Silvia Dal Pozzo, Barbara Skerlavaj,and Renato Gennaro .............................. 586

562

572

...................... 582

. .

Delta sleep inducing peptide (DSIP) and cell membranes Igor A. Prudchenko, Inessa I. Mikhaleva, Galina T. Richireva, and Igor N. Golubev ....... .588

Delta sleep inducing peptide (DSIP) prevented hypoxia-induced reduction of respiratory activity in rat brain mitochondria Igor A. Prudchenko, inessa 1. Mikhaleva, Elena M. Khvatova, Victor N. Samartzev and Pave1 P. Zagoskin .......................................................................................................................................................... 590

PNA-DNA chimeras as decoy molecules against the transcription factor Sp 1 Alessandra Romanelli, Michele Saviano, Carlo Pedone, Monica Borgatti, Nicoletta, Bianchi, Carlo Mischiati,and Roberto Gambari ....................................................................................................................... 592

xxx

Design and synthesis of dcndrimers based on poly(Pro) seqiiences. Exploration of' their use as hg-del ivery agents Miriam Royo, Glbria Sanclimens, Laia Crespo, Miqirel Pons, Fernando Albericio and Ernest Girall .............. 594

Galanin and its analogues: synthesis and biological activity in rat isolated gastric smooth muscles Jarosbw Ruczynski. Zdzislaw Konstanski, Roman Korolkiewicz, Jacek Petrusewicz. and Piotr Rekowski ......................................................................................................................................................... 596

Cyclic non-KGD analogues: design? synthesis and antithrombotic properties Constantinns Sakarellos, Aggeliki Kouki, Athanassios Stavrakoudis. Eugenia Panou-Pornonis, Maria Sakarellos-Daitsiotis. Demokritos Tsoukatos, and Vassilios Tsikaris .............................................................. 598

Immunogenic properties of the main T-cell epitopes of gp63 anchored to the Sequential Oligopeptide Carrier SOC4 Maria Sakarellns-Daitsiotis. Nectarioc I. Chondrogiannis. Panagiotis Tsagozis, Vassilios T'sikaris, Eleni Dotsika and Constantinos Sakarellos ...................................................................................................... 680

Specific blocking of anti-idiotypic antibodies for unmasking the anti-La'SSR response in Sjogren's Syndrome patients Maria Sakarellos-Daitsiotis. John G. Routsias, Eugenia Touloupi, Eleni Dotcika? Maria Papaniatthenii, Vassilios Tsikaris; Constantinos Sakarellos. Haralanipas M. Moutsopoulos and pithanasios G. Tzioufas ....... 602

Antipeptide antibodies to develop diagnostic tests for bacterial toxins M. Sanseverino, 1. Zocchi, V. Desiderio, F. Pollaro. aiid A. Uavoso ................................................................ 604

Synthetic KGD peptides incorporating salicylic acid derivatives show antiplatclet activity in vitro Yiannis M. Sarigiannis, George P. Stavropoulos. Maria T. Liakopoulou-Kyriakidcs. and Pantelis E. Makris ....................................................................................................................................

Products of in vivo hemoglobin prokolysis as tissue growth promoters Olga V. Sazonom. Elena Yu. Blishchenko. Konstantiii V. Leontiev. Sergei V. Khaidukov, Andrei '4. Karelin, and Vadim T. Ivanov .......................................................................................................................... 6U8

Mirwiridine A: a three-in-one protease inhibitor Norbert Schaschke ........................................................................................................................................... 610

Spontaneously regenerable water-soluble prodrugs: application to HIV protease inhibitors and anti-cancer drug paclitaxcl Youhei Sotima, Hikaru Matsumoto, Masatn Sasaki. Toon1 Kirriura, Yoshin Hayashi, and Yoshiaki Kiso ....... 611

Iielicomiinetic cyclic peptides Ihat inhibit steroid receptor coactivator interactions represent a novcl approach for transcriptional rcgulation Amo F. Spatola.Amit Galande, Anne-Marie L.educ, John O. Trent. Kelli S. Hrainlett. Nickolay Chirgadze, aiid Thomas P. Burris ..................................................................................................................... 614

Syntbcsis and biological activity of ,Z.'-(t~rt-butyloxycarboiiyl)-(adaiiiant-2-yl)-DL-glycyl- peptidoglycan nionoiner Vesna Sporec. Diirdica Ljevakovif, Beata Halassy $poljar, Kiiia Frkanec, Marina Krstanovit, Braiika Vraiieiif, Jelka Toma8it. and Fabio Benedetti .........................................................................

Synthesis of tetrapeptide analogs of substmce 1' (SP,~,) and siiidy of their antiprolileraiive propertics in vitro Paraskevi Vakalopoulou. George Stavropoulos.Theodora i(aleini, Grammati Galaciidou and A1exandrc)s Kortsaris ....................................................................................................................................... 618

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 binding peptide: Targeting endotlielial cells. Laimute 'Tarasevicicnc-Stewart. John M. Stewart. Lajos Gera, Ruhin M. Tuder and Norhert F. Voclkcl .................................................................................................................................................... 620

Influence of polymer polypeptides and IL-6K pcptides on chemotaxis of the niacrriphagc- like cell line 5774 Rita Szal36, Eszter IllyZs , Ciibor Me~o, Nicoline Schiess. L&szlG Knhidai. and Fcretic Hudccz ..................... 622

XXXI

Siudy on structure-activity relationship oitt-ie immiinosuppressory fragment o f ubiquitin Zbigniew Szewczuk , Pioir Steilmowice . Anna Stasz~wska, Katar-ia Wtodyka, Ignacy Z. Sieniion. Micha4 Zimecki and Zbigniew Wieczorek ....................................................................................................... 624

The somatostatin receptor type i :chemical synthesis and confomational studies of the 56- residues N-temiinal fragmeiit Diego Tesauro, Antonella Accardo, Stefania De Luca. Giuseppe Digilio, Carlo Pedone. Kosalba Mansi,and Ciancarlo Morelli ........................................................................................................................... 626

I'robing structural rcquirernents of fMLJ> receptor: an amphiphilic residue at position 1 of the tripeptide Fernando Fomaggio.Claudio I'oniolo,Maria Sofia Palzarano, Susanna Spismi. Rcnata LVitkowska, and Janusz Zabrocki .................. ....................... ............... ...................... .628

New endomorphin analogues using p-amino acid. Giza TOth Ferenc Fulbp, Anta1 PCier, Gabriella Fabian. Mariami Muranyi, Gyongyi l-lorvith, and

..................................................................................................................................................... 630

Synthesis of longer multiply phosphoiylated peptides on solid phase applying thc If- phosphonate method Gabor K. 'l'bth, Gyorgyi Varadi, Zoltan Kupihar, and Gabriella Sannay

Lipid-corc-peptides for vaccination; structure-activity relationship Istvan l'oth, Anikb Howith, Ross P. McCea-, Wendy il. !layman, Colleen Olive, arid Michael F. Good .......... 634

Evaluation of the GPlIh!llIa regions participating in the platelet aggregation Vassilios Tsikaris. Maria Sakarellos-Daitsiotis, Nikolaos Biris, Morfis Abatzis. Eiiichia Tenente,

is Stathopoulos, Afrnditi Tambaki. John Mitsios, Demokritos Tsoukatos, Alexandros Tsclepis, lisaf, Ketiy Soteriadou, Dimitrios Sideris and Constantinos Sakarcllos .............................................. 636

analqiies of the GPIIb 3 13-332 region ofthe GPJ1b:IIIa receptor: design. synthesis and antithrombotic activity

os l'sikaris, Mortis AbatLis' Nikolaos Riris. Afroditi '1 ambitkio John Mitsios, Maria SItkarcllos- Daitsiotis. Ikmokritoc Tsoiikatos, Aiexaiidros Tselepis, Moses Elisai. Ketty Soteriadou, Diinitrios Sidcris. and Constantinos Sakarellos ................................................................................................................ 638

Synthesis and characterization of fullerene-C,o peptide derivatives Vassiiios Tsikaris, Panagiota Sofnii, Yiannis Eleines, Eugenia I'anou-Pornonis, Athanssios Ctuvrakoutiis,Crinstdntint)s Sakarellos, Maria Snkarellos-Daitsiotis. Claudio Toiiiolo, Fernando Formaggio, Michele Maggini. and Gianfranco Seorranu ................................................................................ .640

Profiles of new bivalent ligands towards p-opioid receptor Yuko Tcuda, Tushio Yokoi, Lawrence H. Lazarus' Sharon 1). RryantAkihiro hhir:Yusukc Sasakimd Yoshio Okada ................................................................................................................................ 642

Effect or flanking regions with D-amino acids on the antibody recognition o f a MUC2 epitope Kaialin IJray. Gitta Schlosser, and Ferenc IIudecz ........................................................................................... 614

Microarrays with a-helical peptides for protcin dctection iisirig a FRET technique Keiiji IJsui, Mizuki Takahashi, Akihiko Ueno. Kiyoshi Nokihara, and Hisakazu Mihara ................................ 646

Semi-combinatorial approach for the preparation o f linear comb-like glycopeptide dendrimers with Tn antigen using maieimide ligation Pawl Vepiek. Marian Hajduch, Shrer Kelkdr. Tornil Trnka, and Jan .leZek ................................................... 648

'I'liionins from @wlarlu pubern: synthetic and structural studies Miqiiei Vila-Pere116 , Andrea Sanchez-Vallet, Aritonio Motina. and David Andreu ........................................ 650

Lksigri of a CD4 miniprotein, powerful inhibitor of HIV-I infeclioii and potential c,ornporient of an AIDS vaccine Loic Martin, Fraiqois Stricher. Isabcllc Freolon, Andre Mt:rie~. Philippc Raiihe. Christian Kouniestaiid, Francisco Vcas, Paolo Lusso, and Claudio Vita .......................................................................... 652

Towards the delivery of double stranded nucleic acids: synthesis and biological studies. Eric Vives, Jean-Philjppe Richard. FranGoise Debart. Thibault Michel, Jean-Jacques \'asscur. and Bernard Lebieu.. .. ........................................................................................................ 654

ine mimetics in position 2

........ ........... 632

XXXII

Mice antipeptide antibodies for detection of protease resistant PrP isoform Tatyana D. Volkova, Maxim N. Zhmak, Maria B. Oboznaya, Maia A. Titova, Dmitri O. Koroev, Sergey S. Rybakov, Alexandr A. Egorov, Olga M. Volpina, and Vadim T. Ivanov ......................................... 656

Dendritic poly(L-1ysine)s combining clusters of zinc(I1) porphyrins and methyl viologens for a photoinduced electron transfer system Louis A. Watanabe, Katsunori Kontani, Torn Arai, Tamaki Kato, and Norikazu Nishino ............................... 658

Peptide-based generation of subunit-specific antibodies against ion channel receptors Petra Wenzeler, Kristina Becker, Andreas Humeny, Matthias Herkert, and Cord-Michael Becker .................. 660

Prevention of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by a MHC class I1 nonapeptide ligand identified with combinatorial peptide chemistry Robert Weissert, Katrien L. de Graaf, Burkhard Fleckenstein, Tomas Olsson, Gunther Jung, Arthur Melms, and Karl-Heinz Wiesmuller ................................................................................................................. 662

New synthetic peptides related to laminin YIGSR fragment Ewa Witkowska, Alicja Orlowska, Jan Izdebski, Jan Salwa, Joanna Wietrzyk, and Adam Opolski ................ 664

The obtaining of bioactive peptide material from products of proteolysis of a,- and p- caseins Volodymyr G. Yukalo and Bohdan L. Luhovyy .............................................................................................. 666

Inhibitors of aminopeptidase P Incorporating p-amino acids Romila Devi, Karen Stewart, Kim Branson, Micahel Harte, Rebecca Lew, Patrick Perlmutter, Ian A. Smith, and Mibel I. Aguilar .............................................................................................................................. 668

p-amino acid peptides elicit a spectrum of T-cell responses Andrew I. Webb, Patrick Perlmutter, Karen Stewart, Marie-Isabel Aguilar, and Anthony W. Purcell ............. 670

Three-dimensional structure of the cathelicidin motif of the protegrin precursor Jean-Frédéric Sanchez, Yin-Shan Yang, Francois Hoh, Marie-Paule Strub, Bernhard Brutscher, Jean- Marc Strnb,Christian Dumas, and André Aumelas ........................................................................................... 672

Properties of neurotoxic peptides related to the BRI gene Brian Austen, Omar El-Agnaf, Sidhartha Nagala, Bhroma Patel, Nicola Gunasekera, Maria Lee, and Victor Lelyveld .......................... 674

Exploration of the Ramachandran surface of P-peptides computed at ab initio and DFT levels of theory Tamas Beke, and Andras Perczel ..................................................................................................................... 676

Histidine in proteins. Quantum chemical calculations related to catalytic mechanisms Tamas Beke, Péter Hudiky and Andras Perczel ............................................................................................... 678

Crystallographic studies of the collagen-like polypeptide [(Pr~-Hyp-Gly) ,~]~: implications for collagen assembly Rita Berisio, Luigi Vitagliano, Lelio Mazzarella, and Adriana Zagari ............................................................. 680

Conformationally constrained epitope mimics of the HIV gp41 envelope protein Elisabetta Bianchi, Paolo ingallinella, Debra M. Eckert, James L. Cole, Michael D. Miller, Renzo Bazzo, Gaetano Barbato and Antonello Pessi ................................................................................................... 682

Inhibiting viral proteases: challenges and opportunities of induced fit Elisabetta Bianchi, Paolo ingallinella, Daniela Fattori, Daniel Cicero, Renzo Bazzo, Fabrizio Dal Piaz, Annarita Casbarra, Piero Pucci, and Antonello Pessi ............................................................................... A new 310 helix inducer: applications to the n a i n immunogenic region of the acetylcholine receptor Nikolaos Biris, Spiros Mammonas, Maria Sakarellos-Daitsiotis, Constantinos Sakarellos, and Vassilios Tsikaris ............................................ 686

A structure-activity study of [D-Ala']-dynorphin-( 1 - 1 1)-peptide amide. Synthesis of analogues with modified amino acids in positions O, 1 , 3 , 4 , 7 kina Bobrova, Murray Goodman, Robert N.DeHaven, JefCey D.Daubert, LarsErik Johansson, Per Karmas, Sergej Burov , and Lars Terenius ...................................................................................................... 688

XXXIII

Computational docking and opioidmimetics: investigation of &-opioid agonist and antagonist receptor interactions Sharon D. Bryant, Severo Salvadori, Remo Guemni, Gianfranco Balboni, Yunden Jinsmaa,and Lawrence H. Lazarus ........................................................................................................... 690

Molecular modeling of structurally related bioactive F-opioidmimetics: parameters defining p- and 6- receptor selectivity Sharon D. Bryant, Yoshio Okada, Yuko Tsuda, Yoshio Fujita, Toshio Yokoi, Yunden Jinsmaa, and Lawrence H. Lazarus ....................................................................................................................................... 692

Effects of alanine analogs of mast cell degranulating (MCD) peptide on mast cell activity and binding Angeliki Buku, Milton Mendlowitz, and Joseph A. Price .....................

Direct complex formation between DNA and peptides derived from HIV-1 Tat protein in the preparation of simple non-viral gene delivery system Sergey V. Burov, Anna V. Pavlotzkaya, Maria V. Leko, Marina Yu. Dorosh, kina B. Ditkovskaya, Ella B. Dizhe, irina A. Ignatovich, Sergey V. Orlov, and Andrey P. Perevozchikov .............................................. 696

Studies on a synthetic analog of the TMV segment of the MT, melatonin receptor Andrea Calderan, Paolo Ruua, Barbara Scolaro, Barbara Biondi, Stefano Mammi, and Gianhco Borin ............... 698

Mass spectrometric elucidation of an amyloid plaque-specific epitope: molecular basis for probing the proteolytic degradation mechanism of Alzheimer's amyloid precursor protein APP Roxana Cecal, JoAnne McLaurin, Xiaodan Tian, Marilena Manea, Chris Janus, David Westaway, Paul Fraser, Peter St George-Hyslop, and Michael Przybylski ................................................................................. 700

Prolinoamino acids as probes for the determination of the bioactive conformations of peptides Jean Quancard, Philippe Karoyan, Odile Convert, Sandrine Sagan, Solange Laviell Chassaing, and Olivier Lequin ................................................................................................. The high resolution crystal structure of the channel-forming peptaibol trichotoxin-A50E J. K. Chugh, H. Bfickner,and B. A. Wallace _ _ _ _ Conformational studies of a new tetraamine-functionalized Tyr3-Octreotate derivative (Demotate) Petros Sotiriou, Athanassios S. Galanis, Georgios A. Spyroulias, Paul Cordopatis, Berthold Nock, Anastasia Nikolopoulou, Efstratios Chiotellis, and Theodosia Maina .............................................................. 706

Synthesis and structural studies of new analogues of the decapeptide Luteinizing Hormone- Releasing Hormone (LHRH) Aikaterini A. Zompra, Dimitris Vachliotis, Georgios A. Spyroulias, Vassiliki Magafa and Paul Cordopatis .............. 708

Discovery and structure-function studies on the cyclotides: applications in drug design David J. Craik, Norelle L. Daly, Richard J. Clark, Cameron Jennings , and Marilyn A. Anderson

Extraterrestrial Ca-tetrasubstituted a-amino acids as inducers of homochirality on earth Marco Crisma, Alessandro Moretto, Fernando Formaggio, Bernard Kaptein, Quirinus B. Broxterman, and Claudio Toniolo ................................................................................................... 712

'H-NMR spectroscopy to probe the specific interactions of antisense peptide epitope and mAbs deriving from the LdSSB autoantigen Manh Thong Cung, Christine Hemmerlin, M. Papamattheou, Vassilios Tsikaris, Maria Sakarellos-Daitsiotis, Constantinos Sakarellos, Eleni Dotsika, Athanassios G. Tzioufas, and Haralampos M. Moutsopoulos ...................... 714

Ab initio chemical shielding calculations of alanine oligopeptide models Andras Czajlik and Andras Perczel ........................................ X-ray study of the glutaredoxin from Poplar trichorpa in complex with glutathione Katia D'Ambrosio, Catherine Corbier, Nicolas Rouhier, Jean-Pierre Jacquot, Ettore Benedetti, and André Aubry. ........ .......................................................................................... 718

Structural analysis of the anti-sigma protein FlgM Gabriella D' Auria, Lucia Falcigno, Romina Oliva, Germana Flores, Manuela Vacatello, Menotti Ruvo,Michela Bertero, Alessandro Galizzi, and Livio Paolillo ........................................................................ 720

........... 694

702

........................................... 704

710

................. 716

XXXIV

Conformational analysis of peptides derived from feline immunodeficiency virus TM- glycoprotein Anna Maria D’Ursi, Maria Rosana Armenante, Armida Di Fenza, and Paolo Rovero .................................... 722

Structural studies of amyloid-P-peptide (25-35) Anna Maria D’Ursi, M. Rosaria Armenante, Remo Guerrini, Severo Salvadori Ettore Novellino, and Delia Picone ..................................................................................................................................................... 724

Peptide antagonists, and bioactive conformation of melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH), an important regulatory hormone in feeding behavior Waked Danho, Joseph Swistok, Wajiha Khan, Hamid Salari, David Greeley, David Fry, Hongmao Sun, and Fiorenza Falcioni ......................................

Pitfalls of neurotoxicity investigation of beta-amyloid 1-42 peptide in vitro and i Zsolt Datki, Katalin Soos, Anna Juhasz, Tibor Harkany, Gabor Laskay, and Botond Penke

Amphipathic peptides carriers: structural properties and interactions with lipids Sébastien Deshayes, Gudi Aldrian-Herrada, Laurent Chaloin, Frédéric Heitz, and Nicole Van Mau ............... 730

Evidence for the presence of a secondary binding site between HIV-MN-gpl20 PND and the CD4 CDR3 region Monica Dettin, Gianluca Picariello, Claudia Scarinci, Antonella Pasquato, Pasquale Ferranti, Antonio Malomi, and Carlo Di Bello ............................................................................................................................. 732

Furin-mediated cleavage of natural and modified gp160 peptides Monica Dettin, Claudia Scarinci, R Livio Paolillo, and Carlo Di Bello

Design of protease and amyla Luck Doleckova, Martin Horn, Michael Mares, Jiri Vondrasek, Ivan Kluh, and Manfred Pavlik ................... 736

Lipid-bound structure and phospholipid selectivity of Mesentericin Y 105, a bacteriocin kom Leuconostoc Mesentevoi’des and Trp substituted analogues Sabine Castano, Bernard Desbat, Antoine Delfour, Jean Marc Dumas, Fabien Aussenac , Alexandra Da Silva, and Jean Dufourcq ................................................................................................................................. 738

Synthetic mimicry of conformationally defined protein binding sites: hYAP-WW domain Jutta Eichler, Tatiana Hirsch, and Heike Overwin ............................................................................................ 740

Enhanced antitumor activity of bovine lactoferricin derivatives by introducing non-coded aromatic amino acids Liv Tone Eliassen, Bengt Erik Haug, Gerd Berge, and 0ystein Rekdal. .......................................................... 742

Structural studies of diastereomeric phairpin mimetics Mate Erdélyi, Vratislav Langer, Anders Karlén, and Adolf Gogoll .................................................................. 744

Ligand protection strategies for contact point determination by Edman degradation of photolabeled peptide receptors Emanuel Escher, Maud Deraet, Jacqueline Pérodin, Lenka Rihakova, Antony Boucard, Marie-Reine Lefebvre, Richard Leduc, and Gaétan Guillemette ........................................................................................... 746

Isolation and characterization of low mobility group protein (LMGIoO) from rat liver Soudabeh Fallah and Ana Rabbani .................................................................................................................. 748

Down regulation of T-cell activation by synthetic dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors with the N-terminal MXP sequence JUrgen Faust, Sahine Wrenger, Duk Reinhold Thilo m e , Susan Lorey, Angela Stockel-Maschek, Wolfgang Brand< Carmen Mrestani-Klaus, Beate Stiebitq Petm Fuchs, Siegfi.ied Ansorge, and Klaus Neuberi ............................... 750

An ab initio NMR chemical shielding study of N-formyl-serinamide Andras Perczel, Anna K. Fuzéry, and Attila G. Csaszar .................

internal dynamics of smail serine protease inhibitors from the de Zoltan Gaspari, Borbala Szenthe, Laszlo Graf, and Andras Perczel

Structure analysis of cyclo[Ala-P-Ala-Pro-P-Ala] by NMR sp Vi110 K. Palfi, Zoltan Gaspari, Elemér Vass and Andras Perczel .........

. .

tto Lorenzo Tonin Lucia Falcigno Romina Oliva ....... 734

xxxv

Conformational analysis of natural marine cyclopeptides with anti-tumor properties Ernest Giralt. Margarida Gairi,Xavier Salvatella, Ricard AIeix Rodriguez-Mias, Jose Carlos Jiinénez, Angel Lopez-Macià,.losep Maria Caba. Francisco Cardenas. ?vligucl Feliz, Paul Lloyd-Williams, and Fernando Albericio ................................ 758

Interaction of' antimicrobial peptides with liposomes containing simple analogues of lipid A Marina Gobbo. Laura Biondi. Cirai.iario Ilal Ben, bemando Filira, and Kanieru Kocchi .................................. 760

Membraiie interactions of the internal fusion peptide of ebola glycoprotein Maria J. Cioniara. lsiiiael Miiigarro, Felix M. Gofii, Piiig Mora, Arttiro Miiga, Enriquc Pércz-Pay& and Josb L. Nieva .................................................................................................................................................... 762

Synthesis of amphipatic alpha-liclical peptidcs modified with lipophilic fragments and their interaction with UNA and el-ythrocites Ivaii Citirjanov; Valery Korol'kov. Gucnnady Vlasov, Anton Kiselev. Eugenia Lesina. Vladislav Raranov, Elena Avdeeva. and Vladimir Vorobjev ..............................................................

Hydrophobic clusters control protein folding and stability Stanley C. Kwok, Colin T. Matit. and Robert S. Hodges ..................................................

Conloniiational studies of anipullosporin A and synthetic analogues by circular dichroism in comparison to the crystal structure of the native peptide lfoai-lluoiig Nguyeii, Diana Rcissrnann ............................... ....................... 768

Modeling local conformati Roberto improta, 1.uciana Espositq and Roniina Oliva ................................................................................... 770

Coinmon structural principles in protcin-protein and protein-DNA recognition JoCI Janin and Pinak Chakrubarti ... .................................................................................... ~ 1 2

Coiiforniation characterization of flexible oligopeptides Adriin Kaliszi, (labor Mezb, Pereiic IIudecz, and 6d6n Farkas ..................................................................... 774

Structure-based desi&= and synthesis of cathepsin K inhibitors Regina Kasprzykowska, Fmnciszek Kaspnykowski, Xiii Wane, Magnus Abrahamson, and Andcrs Gmbb .............. 776

De novo design of artificial peroxidases Tamaki Katu, Kmji Ishibashi, Yusuke Oiiiki, and Norikazu Nishino ............................................................. 778

Chemical synthesis and kinetic study of the smallest naturally occurring trypsin inhibitor SFTI-1 isolated from sunflower seeds and its analogues Ewa Zablotna, Katarzyna Kaiinier

The library of p-nitrophenyl esters of oligopeptides irnmobilizd on ccllulose membrane. Synthesis and degradation hy t Lbigitiew .i. Kaiiiinski, Beuta Kole

Biological activityo NMK and conformational analysis of peptide analogs of aniino-terminal sequence of'IihNTES Alexander A. Kolobov, F;.leria A. Kampe-Nenim. Vladimir M. Shpen: Yuty N. Tolparov, Lubov V. Olcnnikova, and Valentina (3. Koiiusova ...............................

Computational study on conformation of oligopeptides coiitairiiiig chiral a, a-disubstituted amino acids

.....................................................

764

.. 766

, Anna Jaskiewicz, Gotfryd Kiipryszewski, Krzysztnf Kolka ............. 780

ue homogenates of Lewis Lung carcinoma bearing mice ska, Kysrard W. Kinas. Joanna Wietrqk, and Adam Opolski .............. 782

ki Kiirihara, Masakazri Tariaka, Makoto Oha, arid Hiroshi Sueinune ..................................................... 786

fication of the binding partners of SH3-domains in a complete proteorne by combining phage display aiid SPO'T-technology Christiane Landgraf, Luisa Caslagiioli, Simona Panni, Jens Schneider-Mergener. Ciianrii Cecareiii. and Rudolf Volkiner-Eiigert ..........................................................................................................................

The second extracellular loop E2 of the human NK-I receptor is covaiently linked by photoreactive analogs of Subst.ance P. Photoaffinity labeling and modelisation studies Olivier Lequin, 1':inmanuelle Sachoii, Fabrice Franko Odile Convert. Sophie Girault -Lagrange. Gerard Chassaing, Solange I.avielle, Saiidriiie Sagun ............................... .............................................. 730

XXXVI

Structural effect of metal replacement in a Cys2His2 zinc finger domain M. Leone, G. Malgieri, L. Zaccaro, P.V. Pedone, R. Scandurra, C. Pedone, B. Di Blasio, R. Fattorusso, and C. Isernia ................................................................................................................................................... 792

Calcium ions as the conformation regulators of gelsolin and its S2 domain hta Liepina, Paul Janmey, Cezary Czaplewski, and Adam Liwo .................................................................... 794

Bioactive peptides as potential substrates for enteropeptidase. Viktoria V. Likhareva, Anna G. Mikhailova,Boris V. Vaskovsky, Sergey K. Garanin, and Lev D. Rumsh .......... 796

P-Depsipeptides: synthesis and structural studies Yogesh R. Mahajan, Ramanathan Senthilkumar, Magnus Rueping, and Dieter Seebach ................................. 798

Model cyclic peptides for studying the influence of ion cluster in the protein folding and stability Zsuzsa Majer, Viktor Farkas, Kriszta Kohalmi, Elemér Vass, Marianna Mak, Ann Vanhooren, and Ignace Hanssens ............................................................................................................................................... 800

Synthesis and solution structure of the two peptides that represent the active-zinc containing-sites of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Athanassios S. Galanis, Andreas G. Tzakos, Georgios A. Spyroulias, Anastassios N. Troganis, George Pairas, Evy Manessi-Zoupa, Ioanuis P. Gerothanassis and Paul Cordopatis .................................................... 802

Flexibility of the central portion of human parathyroid hormone (1-34) detected by I5N relaxation measurements Massimiliano Marin, Michele Scian, Massimo Bellanda, Tou Liqiang, Joseph M. Alexander, Michael Rosenhlatt, Michael Chorev, Evaristo Peggion, and Stefano Mammi .............................................................. 804

Experimental structural analysis of model urea-containing y-peptide analogues Michel Marraud, Christine Hemmerliu, Claude Didierjean, André Aubry, Vincent Semetey, and Gilles Guichard ........................................................................................................................................................... 806

Structural analysis of the beta-turn inducing (S)-[3-amino-4-0~0-2,3-dihydro-5H- benzo[b][ 1,4]thiazepin-5-y1] acetic acid (DBT) motif Michel Marraud, Mane-Christine Petit, Claude Didierjean, André Aubry, Nicolas Raynal, Delphine Maux, Muriel Amblard, Gilbert Bergé, Monique Calmès, and Jean Martinez ....................... Synthetic peptides as molecular recognition probes: recognition of a hydrophilic patch on the surface of p53 tetramerization domain Marc Martinell, Xavier Salvatella, Marta Vilaseca, Marganda Gain, Mauricio G. Mateu and Ernest Giralt ......... 810

The synthesis and biological effects of alkylating RGD-peptides Nikolett Mihala, Mariusz Kertész, Maura Poli, Raffaella Giavazzi, and Helga Suli-Vargha ............................ 812

Effects of P-amyloid peptides and their functional antagonists on G-protein activation Zsolt Molnar, Marta Zarandi, Katalin Soos, Sandor Benyhe, Botond Penke, and Imre Lengyel ...................... 814

A peptide selected from a phage display library selectively recognizes of modified nucleosides containing anticodon domain of yeast tRNAPhe Piotr Mucha, Agnieszka Szyk, Piotr Rekowski, Richard Guenther, Agris ................................................................................................. Design, structure and biological effect of chymotrypsin inhibit0 Zoitan Mucsi, Arpad Bodi, Zoltan Gaspari, Laszlo Graf, Andras Perczel, and Gyorgy Orosz ............

Promotion of growth of colonic cancer cells by N-carboxymethyl gastrin through a non- CCK2 receptor Shawn I. Ahmed, Barna Budai, Richard F. Murphy, and Sandor Lovas ........................................................... 820

Kinin B, receptor antagonists with metabolic stability Witold A. Neugebauer, Fernand Gobeil, and Domenico Regoli ....................................................................... 822

Chemical shifts, the ultimate test of polypeptide folding cooperativity Niels H. Andersen, Bipasha Barua, R. Matthew Fesinmeyer, F. Michael Hudson, Jasper Lin, Anna Euser, and George White

Conformational possibilities of a uniquely folded 20-residue protein Gregory V. Nikiforovich, Niels H. Andersen, and R. Matthew Fesinmeyer ..................................................... 826

......... 808

....................................................................................................................... 824

XXXVI I

Probing AT- 1 receptors with “branched” cyclopeniapeptides Grezory V. Nikiforovich, Wei-Jun Zhang, Yuan Gao, Yun Wu, Katalin E. Kiivér, Per-Aiiders Friindbtrg. Fred Nyberrg, Anders Karl&. Anders Hallberg, atid Garland R. Marshall .................................... 828

Design synthesis of SS-dimers and SS-hybrids based on Cyl-1 (cyclic tetrapeptide) as anti- cancer prodrugs Norikazu Nishino. Chinji Okamura. Shutoku Ebisuzaki, Tamaki Kato, Yuko Sumida, and Minoru Yoshida ............................................................................................................................................................ 830

Design and synthesis of three-alpha-helix proteins that bind small ligands in a cavity Ikuo Obataya, Akihiko Ueno, and Ilisakazu Mihara ........................................................................................ 832

Structural study of the IiIV-I a 1 6 0 cleavage site by native and modified sequences. 2. Role of the N-terminal secondary structure. Komina Oliva. Lucia Falcigno, Gabriella DAurkManuela Vacatcllo,Monica Dettin. Roberta Ciamharetto, far!o Di Bello, and Livio Paolillo ............................................................................................... 834

Conforinational studies of lcptin fragments by circular dichroism Vani X. Oliveira Jr.. M. Terèsa M. Miranda. Jackson C. Bitiencciurt, Carol F. Elias, and Antonio Miranda ............................................................................................................................................................ 836

Artificial remodeling of gp41-C34 peptide leads to effective I-iIV fusion inhibitor with high an ti- HIV activity Akira Otaka, Miki Nakamura, Eiichi tiodama. Susumu Uchiyama. Hirokazii Taniarnura. Yuji Kobayashi. Masao Matsuoka, and Nobutaka Fuji ..........

Loc.ation of copper(I1) within the PrP( 106- 126) fragment and influence of the metal ion on the conformational change of this peptide. Giuseppe Pappalardo, l‘iziana Campagna, Giulia Grasso. Giuseppe iinpellizzeri. and Enrico Kiz7arelli ......... 840

Conformational properties 01’ c;Val. a C‘-tetrasubstituted, CP-branched, Cui++Cr’i cyclized, chiral a-amino acid. Cristina Peggion.Fernando Fomiaggio. Marco Cnsnia. Claudio T’oniolo;.Ana I. Jinit;nez, Carlos Cativiekd,Rcrnard Kaptein, Quiriiius I3. Broxternian. Michele Saviano, and Ettore Benedetti ......................... 842

Conforniational studies of a bombulitiii 111-derived peptide mimicking the four-helix bundle structural motif of protcins. Evaristo Peggion, Elisabetta Schievano. Stefano Manimi, Marta Ciardella. and Luca Motiticelli .................... 844

Structure-fiinction relationship studies on analogs of the i -34 fragment of parathyroid hormone (PTH) containing b-alanine residues in positions 1 X and 19. Evaristo Pcggion, Stefano ichacl Rosctiblatt. and Michael Chorev ................. ............................................. 846

Interaction of P-amyloids with cell membrane proteins and signalization Botoiid Penke, Lsalt Uatki, Eva Klement, Katalin Sobs, Jinos R. L’arga. Gibor Laskay, and Marta 7arandi ............................................................................................................................................................. 848

Ab initio confrrrmational analysis of the cis-trans isomerization o f the prolyl-proline pcptidc Ilona Hudaky and Andrhs Percael ............................................................................................

Structure analysis of HSV epitopc peptides with NMR spectroscopy and molecular dynamic computalion Rbhert Kiss, Gitta Schlosser, GBbor Mezo, Ferenc IIudec~. and Andris I’erczel ............................................. 852

Monitoring of high pressure protein denaturation by hydrogenideuterium exchange and elecrrospray ionizdtion mass spectrometry Inga W r y arid Zbigniew Szcwczuk ..................

ivlodcm pcptidc synthesis oi“ smart gadoliIiium-delivery systcnis enables molecular iiiiagiiig methods in tumor cells Rudiger Pipkom. Waldeinar Waldeck, Stefan Heckl, Jurgen Dehus, Jurgen Jerine. Kalf llastcrt, and Klaus Braun ..................................................................................................................................................... 856

Potential thrombin-vitronectin interactions Ludrnila IWcvaya. latiana Kcivisli,and Edinunds Liikcvics ........................................................................... 858

............................................................................ 838

............................................ 8S4

XXXVIII

Modelling of bioactive peptides with the inclusion of synthetic amino acids Marco A. C. Preto, André Melo, Susana Costa, Hernani L. S. Maia and Maria J. Ramos ................................ 860

Lead structures for active immunisation against Alzheimer's disease (AD) upon elucidation of a plaque-specific epitope recognised by therapeutically active antisera kom transgenic AD mice M. Przybylski, J . McLaurin, R. E. Cecal, M. E. Kierstead, X. Tian, C. Janus, M. Manea, P. Home, D. Westaway, P. E. Fraser, and P. St George-Hyslop ............ ....... 862

Preferred conformation and membrane activity of the LP237-F lipopeptaibols Mario Rainaldi, Alessandro Moretto, Cristina Peggion, Fernando Formaggio, Stefano Mammi, Evaristo Peggion, José Antonio Galvez, Maria Dolores Diaz-de-Villegas,Carlos Cativiela, and Claudio Toniolo ........ 864

Three-dimensional structure of thermolysin-linearized microcin 325 : evidence for an essential role of the 11-16 loop in microcin 525 structure and antimicrobial activity Alain Blond, Miche1 Cheminant, Isabel1 Goulard, Jean Peduzzi, and Sylvie Rebu

New antitumoral cyclic astin analo structural and biological studies. Filomena Rossi Giancarlo Zanotti , Michele Saviano, Rosa lacovino, Pasquale Palladino, Gabriella Saviano, Pietro Amodeo, TeodoricoTancredi, Daniela Spalletti, Paolo Laccetti, and Ettore Benedetti .....

Are the stable secondary structures of p-isomeric peptides similar to those of a-peptides? Miriam Royo, Josep Farrera-Sinfieu, Fabio Sgarzi, Fernando Albencio, Lucca Gentilucci, and Giuliana Cardillo ............ ..................... ........................ ........................ ....................... 870

Properties of ordered and disordered H-bonds in complex crystalline networks of biological interest from low temperature infrared spectroscopy. Mark Rozenberg ............................................................................................................................................... 872

Conformational bias induced by the OBg C-protecting group Paolo Ruzza, Andrea Calderan, Stefano Elardo, Gianfranco Borin, Claudio Toniolo, Fernando Formaggio, and Marco Crisma ......................................................................................................................... 874

Conformational studies of chimeric cell penetrating peptides in membrane mimicking environment Paolo Ruzza, Stefano Elardo, Andrea Calderan, Arianna Donella-Deana, Marco Crisma, Annamaria Brunati, Maria Lina Massimino, Lorenzo A. Pinna, and Gianfranco Borin ...................................................... 876

Htc residue as useful tool in the synthesis of selective tyrosine kinase substrates Paolo Ruzza, Andrea Calderan, Arianna Donella-Deana, Alessio Osler, Barbara Biondi, Annamaria Brunati, Lorenzo A. Pinna, and Gianfianco Borin ........................................................................................... 878

The Ro60KD zinc-finger motif: design, synthesis and molecular interactions Maria Sakarellos-Daitsiotis, Aggeliki Kosmopoulou, Athanassios Stavrakoudis, Eugenia Panou- Pomonis, Vassilios Tsikaris, Constantinos Sakarellos, John G.Routsias, Athina Makn, Athanasios G.Tzioufas, and Haralampos M.Moutsopoulos ................................................................................................ 880

Crystal-state structure of a linear trichogin dodecapeptide analogue Michele Saviano, Roberto improta, Ettore Benedetti, Benedetta Carrozzini, Giovanni Luca Cascarano, Claudio Toniolo, and Marco Crisma ................................................................................................................ 882

Orientation of GPCR fragments (loops and transmembrane helices) in lipid membranes Shirley Schreier, Claudio S. Shida, Roberto K. Salinas, Me a, Thelma A. Pertinhez, Eliandre Oliveira, Antonio C. M. Paiva, and Clovis R. Nakaie

Binding interactions of derived HPKI Pro-rich peptides to HSI-SH3 domain suggest a possible adapter function of HS 1 protein Giuliano Siligardi, Rohanah Hussain, Arianna Donella-Deana, Annamaria Brunati, Lorenzo A. Pinna, Paolo Ruzza, Andrea Calderan, and Gianfranco Borin ......

Design of a novel fluorogenic peptide substrate for aggrecanase activity Michael W. Pennington, Jennifer Westling, Steven L. Botsko, John D. Sandy, and Satendra Singh ................ 888

Antimicrobial activity of SMAP-29 against clinically relevant anaerobic bacteria Barbara Skerlavaj, Alessandra Arzese, Linda Tomasinsig, Renato Gennaro, and Margherita Zanetti .............. 890

................. 866

........... 884

......................................................................... 886

XXXIX

Neurotoxicity of aggregating peptides (amyloids, amyiin and prion sequences) in MTT assay Katalin Sobs, Zsolt Datki, Marla Zarandi, Gibor K, Tbth, and Rotond Penke ................................................. 892

Mechanism of membrane permeabilization by the lipopeptaibol trichogin GA IV and its tliioresccnt analogues Lorerim Stella, Claudia Mazzuca, Antonio Pallcsciii,Mariano Venanzi. Fernando Formaggio, Claudio Toiiiolo, Louis Moroder, and Basilio Pispisa ................................................................................................... 891

Structural studies of glycopeptide-membrane association Lorenzo Stella, Mariano Veilanzi. Antonio Palleschi. Antonella Canini, Maria Carafa, Giancarlo Lanotti, and Basilio Pispisa ............................................... ..................................................................... 896

Evaluation of structural features of a designed b rn mimic by incorporation into a cyclic KGD peptide Martiri Sukopp, Lueiana Marinelli, Markus Heller, Trisi Brandl, Reinhard it'. Hoffmann, and il. Kessler .......

Influence of the substrate peptide sequence shortening on papain acti Mariusl: Szabelski, Katarzyna (Juzow. and Wieslaw Wiczk ...........................

Conformational study of heteropeptide prepared from chiral a-ethyl a-amino acids Masakazu Tanaka, Shin Nishiinura, Makoto Oba, Yosuke Deniizu, Masaaki Kurihara, and IIiroshi Suernune.. ................................................................................ ....................................................... 9U2

Synthesis and characterization of the transmembrane peptide region of the sodium pump gamma subunit: a link between its oligomeric state and renal hypomagnesaemia Alex G. Thericn and Charles M. Deber .........................................................................................

S)nthesis, structural characterisation aiid epitope elucidation o f the cytoplasmic domain of Alzheimer's amyloid precursor protein by FT-ICR mass spectrometv Xiaodan Tian, Roxana Cecal, Erika Amstaldcn, Markus Kohlmann, Kai Bnins, Stefan Biihler, and

Pseudopeptide foldamers. The homo-oligomers of pyroglutamic acid and frun.s-(4S,5H.)-4- carboxy-5-methyl oxazolidin-Zone Claudia i'oniasini. Marco Crisma, Cristina Pegion, Fernando Formaggio' Claudio Toriiolo. Marco CÌaraielli, Fernando Bernardi, Valerio Trigari, Siinone 1-ucarini, and Marco Scatizzi ..................................... 908 Structural rec1uirenient.s ror cellular iiptakc of cathelicidin peptides by mammalian cells Linda .ToInasinsig, Barbara Gabbai, Raffaella Circo, Andrea Sgorbissa, Barbara Skerlavaj. and

Solution stnictural features of linear peptides carrying new fluorescent analogues of tryptophan Mariano Vcnanzi. Antonio Palleschi. 1,oreiim Stella, Alessaridro Valcri; Fernando Formaggio, Claudio

Structure-activity relationship of melanin-concentraiing hormone Rosa Maria Vitale, Carla Isernia, Pietro Amodeo, Roberkj Fattorusso, Laura Zaccarcr, Giuseppe Perretta, Benedetto Di Rlasio, Michelc Saviano, and Carlo Pedone ...........................

Lysine dendrirners and their starburst polymer derivatives as carriers for the UNA delivery Guciinady Vlasov, Valery Korol'kov, Galina Parikova, Nadezhda Rajanova. Iriiia'farascnko, Vladislav Baranov, Aleksandr Haranov, Anton Kiselev, Pavel Gla~kov. Olga &2dpenko, and Iilena Lesina ................. 91 6

Starbiirst carbon chain polymer protein conjugates: adjustment or immiinogcnicity and search of possibility of DNA bonding and delivery. Chcnnady Vlasov, Galina Pankova, Oiesja Chareiiko, NikoPaj Antonov, Vladislav Baranov, Aleksandr Raranov, Pavel Glazkov, Anton Kiselev, Olga Ostapenko, and Elena Lesina ...........................

The eITefect of non-nativc flanking sequences on antibody recognition aiid solution conformation oi' PTGlQ epitope from mucin-? glycoprotein Eni6ke Windberg, Zsuzsa hhier, Fcrenc Sebestyén, Elcmér Vass, aiid Fcrenc iiudecz ................................... 920

Synthetic peptides for the causative therapy of dilated cardiomyopathy Dirk Winkler, Ralf Egner. Frank (jcbauer, Petra Jekow, E

.... 904

Michael Przybylski ................................................................. ......................................................... YO6

Margherita Zanclti ......................................... ............................................................................................. 910

Toniolo. Lotiis Moroder, and Basilio Pispisa ...... ............................................. 912

........... 911

....... 918

en, OM' Bratins, Johanncs ................................................... 922 Miiller, Gcrd Wallukat, Rudolf Kunze, and Wolfgang Rthspcc

XL

Experimental refinement of the model for the parathyroid hormoneheceptor interaction by photoaffinity-crosslinking of the mid-region of PTH( 1-34) Angela Wittelsberger, Martina Corich, Byung-Kwon Lee, Alessandra Barazza, Dale F. Mierke, Michael Rosenblatt, Joseph M. Alexander, and Michael Chorev ......................................

Urotensin-11: spectroscopic and molecular dynamics investigation in several environmental conditions Enrico Zampelli, Alfonso Carotenuto, Paolo Grieco, Pietro Campiglia, Ettore Novellino, and Paolo Rovero ............. 926

A comparison of the own and Root-Bemstein hypothesis on the amino acid complementarity Renata Zbozien-Pacamaj, P. Stefanowicz, and Ignacy Z. Siemion ................................................................... 928

Structure and dynamics of membrane-bound hormones as studied by NMR M. Lerch, R. Bader, V. Gafner, B. Christen, and O. Zerbe ............................................................................... 930

Cyclic RGD peptides influence the interaction between the integrin aspi and fibronectin Dunja Zimmermann, Annett Muller, Miroslav Malesevic, Katherina Stembera, and Norbert Sewald ............. 932

Role of the 1-16 N-terminal region in the transconformation implicated in Alzheimer's disease Séverine Zirah, Serguey A. KozUi, Alain Blond, Michel Cheminant, Pascale Debey and Sylvie Rebuffat .................. 934

Peptide 4-imidazolidinones as potential drug delivery systems Raquel Castanheiro, Maria J. Araujo, Ricardo Ferraz, Rui Moreira, and Paula Gomes .................................... 936

Specificity of PDZ interaction investigated by NMR spectroscopy and synthetic peptide libraries Prisca Boisguérin, Ines Kretzschmar, Rudolf Volkmer-Engert, Jens Schneider-Mergener, and Hartmut Oschkinat ........................................................................................................ 938

Chimeric peptide-PEG-oligonucleotides Gian M. Bonora, Ilaria Adamo, Maurizio Ballico, Pietro Campaner, and Sara Drioli ..............................

Combining combinatorial chemistry and affinity chromatography for systematically probing protein-ligand interactions: application to the development of highly selective inhibitors of human betaine: homocysteine S-methyltransferase Michaela Collinsova, Carmen Castro, Timothy A. Garrow, Athanasios Yiotakis Vincent Dive and Jifi JiraCek ......................................................................................................... ... ,942

Development of a new derivative of vasoactive intestinal administration system, dry powder inhalation Kosuke Endo, Satomi Onoue, Satoko Amikawa, Asami Matsumoto, Yoshihiro Waki, Masaya Yamanaka, Masaaki Kondo, Kazuya Hamanaka, Yoshihiko Suitani, and Kazuhisa Kashimoto ...................... 944

Cross interaction of beta-sheet protein fragments of prion and beta-amyloid Lukasz P. Frankiewicz, Karolina Pulka, Andrzej W. Lipkowski, and Aleksandra Misicka .............................. 946

Preparation of peptide-PNA conjugates for imaging and therapy of oncogene expression Fabio Gallazzi, Yi Wang, Fang Jia, Nalini Shenoy, Susan Z. Lever, and Michael R. Lewis ............................ 948

Selective inhibition of the chymotrypsin-like activity of the 20s proteasome by 2- aminobenzylstatine derivatives Carlos Garcia-Echeverria, Patricia Imbach, Johannes Roesel, Peter Fuerst, Marc Lang, Vito Guagnano, Maria Noorani, Johann Zimmermann, and Pascal Furet ................................................................................... 950

Rigid dipeptides mimicking t Armin Geyer and Peter Tremmel

Enantiopure "'-linked oligoureas as foldamers Gilles Guichard, Vincent Semetey, Didier Rognan, Christine Hemmerlin, Roland Graff, Jean-Paul Briand, and Michel Marraud ............................................................................................................................ 954

Mechanism-based detection and activity-profiling of kinases Miriam Hagenstein, Jan Mussgnug, Olaf Kruse, and Norbert Sewald .............................................................. 956

Synthetic peptides based biosensors in the immunodiagnosis of hepatitis G infection Nuria Rojo, Concepcion Mestres, José M. Cruzado, Guadalupe Ercilla, and Isabel Haro ................................ 958

924

roline 11 helix ....................................................................................................... 952

XLI

A novel iinmunoadjuvant carrier system for synthetic peptides Anik6 Horvhth,Colleen Olive, Michael F. Good, and Islvan Toih ................................................................... 960

Role of cholinergic system in the cardiovascular effects of intracerebrovetitricularly- injected angiotensin 11; participation of vasopressin Naciye Ishil-Buyukcoskun, Guldal Gulec, and Kasim Ozluk ........................................................................... 962

Peptides as tools for the discovery and activity-profiling of matrix metalloproteinases Kai Jenssen, Katherina Stembera, and Norbert Scwald .................................................................................... 963

Effect of the amino acid substituents on amide bond cleavage in IV-acyl-a, a-dialkylglycine derivatives Wei-Qun Jiang, Siisana P.G. Costa, Raquei M. Gongalves-Maia, and Hernani L.S. Maia ............................... 966

Structural analysis of model dipeptides incorporating a highly constrained cyclopropane analogue ofphenyiaianine Ana 1. Jiniéiiez, Solcdad Royo, and Carlos Cativiela ....................................................................................... 968

A point-of-care IgG test using a heptapeptide VP? epitope for diagnosis of human parvovirus B19 infection Leena Kaikkonen, Ilpo Kuronen, Kati Hokynar. Lea Hediiian, Jussi Hcpojoki, Maria Soderiund- Venermo, Ililkka Lankinen, and Klaus Iledman .............................................................................................. 970

Novel synthetic approaches to potent HIV- 1 protease inhibitors and prodrugs Wieslaw Kazmierski, Eric Furfiiic, Andrew Spaltenstein, and Lois Wright ..................................................... 972

New biocompatible resins containing poly (ethylene glycolj-bis-carboxymethyl ether Laszlo Kocsis, Anna Magyar, and Ciyorgy Orosz ............................................................................................ 974

Cellular iiitemalisation of calcitonin derived carrier peptides - Investigation of mechanism and applications Ulrike Krauss, Franka Ruder, Michael Stahl. hlarrin Muller, Jens Grosclie, and Annette G. Beck- Sickinger .......................................................................................................................................................... 976

Contrasting, species-dependent functional activity of mammalian cholecystokinin (CCK) peptides aiid drosulfakinin- 1 at the CCK-A, CCK-B and Drosophila sulfakiiiin receptor type 1 (DSK-Rl) Teresa M. Kubiak, Martha J. I a s e n , Katherine J. Burton, and David E. Lowery ............................................ 978

Development and preliminary evaluation of immunoglobulins Y against thymosin peptides Perscfoiii Klimentzou, Afroditi Ncokosrnidi, Maria Paravatou-Petsotas, Irene Vasciliadou, Pvangclia Livaiiiou, Jan Czarnecki. Ilionyssis S. Ithakissios, and Gregory P. Euangclatns .............................................. 980

Potentiating effect of distant sites in cyclic peptide antagonists of the GrbZSH2 domain Va-Qiii Long and Petcr P. Roller .................................................................................................... 982

Aliti-tumor promoting effects of' palmitoy1:protcin thioesterase inhibitors against a Imnian iieurotumor cell line Cilyii Dawson, Chiara Marinzi, Sylvia A. Dawson. and Philip E. Dawsoii ....................................................... 984

The crystal structure of a D-Lysine-based chiral PNA-DNA duplex Valeria Menchise, Giuseppina De Simonc, Kobcrto Curradini, Stefann Sforza, Nicola Sonentino. Iloinenica Capasso, Michele Saviano. and Carlo Pedone ................................................................................. 986

Design, synthesis and activity of chloroinethyl ketone inhibitors of piiigipains Artur Miicha, Jolania Cirembecka, Arkaditisz Hiatas. Ilarnian Stachowiak, .idcek Orlewski, and Jan Potcmpa ........... 988

'A stimulatory inonoclonal antibody that induces G-CSF release from macrophages I lidchito Mukai, Yoshiko Aoki, Shiken Slia, aiid Yoshisuke Nishi .................................................................. 990

Fabrication of peptide microarrays on semicarbazide glass slides Christophe Olivier, Xavier lhburcq , OuaEa El-Madhi, I'lorcnce Urb2s. Claude Houzidi, Hélène Gras-Masse< and Oleg Melnyk ............................................................

Binding specificity of 42 WW domains Livia Otte, Urs Wiedemann, Ines Kretzschinar. Hattinui Oschkinat, I<udolf Volkiiier-Engeri, and Jens Schneider-Mergener ........................................................................................................................................ ,994

XLII

Tetraamine functionahzed Neiirotcnsin analogues labeled with ‘9iii.I~c with potential application in the diagnosis of tumours Berthold Nock, Anastasia Nikolopoulou, Efstratios Chiotcllis, Wsodosia Maina, Athanassios Galariis, Petros Sotiriou, George Pairas, and Paul Cordopatis ........................................................................................ 996

CSFI 14(Glc): the glycopeptide detecting autoantibodies in multiple sclerosis. PepKit, the first diagnostic test to follow-up the disease activity Anna M. Papini,Barhara Mulinacci, Elisa Peroni, Giuseppina Sabatino, Mario Chelli, Alfonso Carotenuto, Paolo Rovero, Sabrina Mat& and Ikincesco Lolli ........................................................................ 998

Modification of natural domains by combinatorial chemistry: a new solid phase based screening test for protein folding detection Jose J. Pastor, Irene Femandez, Francese Rabanal, and Ernest Girail ................................. Stereoselective synthesis of 5- and 6-inembered cyclic B-amino acids Patrick Perlmutter, Mark Rose, and Filisaiy Vounatsos ......................................................

Investigation of hetcrospecific coiled coil interactions by means of synthetic peptide libraries Michael Portwicli, Acliim Kramer, Livia Ottc. Florian Topert, Rudolf Volkmer-Engert. and Jens Schneider-Mergener ........ ......................................................................................................... 1004

Analogues of aggregating peptide models with fluorescent probe Karolina Pulka. Lukasz P. Frankiewicz, Andrzej W. Lipkowski, and Aleksandra Misicka ............................ 1006

Matrix-scan as effective tool to map discontinuous epitopes Wim M.M. Schaaper, Jerry W. Slootstra, Woiiter C. Puijko Evert van Dijk, Philip Porter, Paul J . Davis. Glen Hughes, Peter ‘l‘inimerman and Rob H. Meloen ................................................................................... 1008

Chiral peptide nucleic acids: design, synihesis, optic.al purity and hybridization properties Stefano Sforza, Roberto Corradini. Tullia Tedeschi, b a l d o Dossena, and Rosangela Marchelli ................. 1010

Bioassay of CSF production from rat lung in the presence of lead nitrate Ashraf Shabani and Azra Kabbani 1012

Efficient intracellular delivery of proteins and low‘ molecular weight substances via polyoma vinis-like particles (PVLt’) Chrisloph M. B. Stark, Aiidrea Abbing, IJlrich K. Blaschke, Dicmuth C. Diniecker, Swen Greino Michael Krelscliinar, Michael J. W. Thies, Martina Wcigand, Christian O. A. Reiser> and Wolf M. Beitlin-

Mammalian copper chaperone Cox1 7p is indispensable for cellular respiration and embryonic developinent Yoshinori Takahastii, Koichiro Kako, Yoshiko inada, Hidenori Arai; and Eisuke Munekata ........................ 1016

The motif for prediction of protein fragments inducing antibody formation in niice Maia A. Titova, Maxim N. Zhmak, Dniitry 0. Korocv, Maria R . Ohwnaya, Talyanma D, Volkova, Olga M. Volpina, and Vadim T. Ivanov .................................................................................................................. 1018

Structure-activity studies of novel D-ScrX-cyclosporiiic A derivatikes as potential anti-HIV drugs liiic I’ritiny, Jean-Franc;& Ciuichou, Jaime Lage, Olivicr Turpiii, Arnaud I larnel. Annelis Carni& Gtbriclc Tuchscherer, and Maiifrcd Mutter .................................................................................................... 102U

Tlirombiii inhibitors with an azaphenylalanine scaffold: putency eniiancemcnts UroS Urleband Ananiarija Zega ...................................................................................................................... 1022

Solid-phase tryptophan inodification: use of a rational cmibinetorial chemistry approach to develop new analgesic drugs Laura Zaccaro, Maria 1’. Garcia-Lopez, Rosario Gonzales Mufiiz. Carolina Garcia-Martinez, Antonio Ferrer-Montiel, Fernando Albericio and Miriarn Roy« ..............

Subject Index .......................................................... ............................................... 1027

Author Index ........................................................... ...... i 039

......................................................................................................

..................................................... 1024

XLIII