Chapter 6 Lecture

Human Geography: Places and Regions in Global Context

Sixth Edition

Wendy A. MitteagerState University of New York, Oneonta

Interpreting Places and Landscapes

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Key Concepts

• Relationships between people and space• Environmental behavior• Territoriality• Cognitive images• Landscapes• Sacred spaces• Place-making• Modernity

Figure: Chapter 6 Opener The Vietnam Veteran Memorial illustrates the power of landscape to affect us

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Behavior, Knowledge, and Human Environments

• Interdependencebetween peopleand places

• Understandingenvironmentalperception andknowledge

• Cindi Katz

Figure 6.1 Conflicting environmental perceptions in California

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Behavior, Knowledge, and Human Environments, (cont’d)

Figure 6.2 A Shepard's map, drawn by a 10-year-old Sudanese boy, illustrating his detailed environmental knowledge

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Figure 6.3 Graffiti as territorial markers

Place-Making

• Places are sociallyconstructed

• Territoriality• Proxemics• Insiders and

Outsiders

Apply your knowledge: Describe the relationship between ethology and territoriality. Evaluate examples that you experience in everyday life of proxemics as a territorializing force.

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Place-Making, (cont’d)

• Cognitive images• Paths, edges,

districts, nodes,landmarks

• Distortions

Figure 6.5 Cognitive image of Boston

Apply your knowledge: Use the five elements to map out your image of the college campus.

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Figur6

Place-Making, (cont’d)

Figure 6.6 Images of Los Angeles as seen by residents of different communities.

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Place-Making, (cont’d)

Figure 6.7 Preference map of the U.S. held by a group of Virginia Tech students, based on the perceived attractiveness of cities and states as places to live.

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Landscapes as Human Systems

• Derelict landscapes• Ordinary landscapes• Humanistic approach

in geography

Figure 6.10 Vulgaria: size andostentation are the dominantfactors in upscaleU.S. residential development

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Landscapes as Human Systems, (cont’d)

Figure 6.8 Some cities are immediately recognizable because of their famous landmarks.

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Landscapes as Human Systems, (cont’d)

Figure 6.9 These ordinary landscapes in New England and Middle America have become symbolic of the U.S.

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Coded Spaces

• Landscape as text• Semiotics• Commercial spaces

– “Palaces of consumption”

• Sacred spaces

Figure 6.13 Sacred sites of Hindu India

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Coded Spaces, (cont’d)

Figure 6.12 Angor Wat, Cambodia is a sacred space for Buddhists

Figure 6.15 Points of origin of European group-organized pilgrims to Lourdes in 1978

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Jerusalem, the Holy City

Figure 6.A Map of Jerusalem Figure 6.B Dome of the Rock

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Place and Space in Modern Society

• Modernity– Emphasizes reason, scientific rationality, creativity,

novelty, and progress

Figure 6.16 Modernist urban landscape, an office district in Paris

Figure 6.17 Modernized rural landscape, U.K.

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Globalization and Place-Making

• Spread of Modernity to peripheral regions• Cyberspace

– With its own “landscape”

• Commonalities of a shared, global consciousness

Figure 6.18 The slow city movement, a grassroots response to globalization, supports “slow food.”

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Cyberspace and Social Networking

Figure 6.FFigure 6.D How people share content

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Figure 6.G Number of Facebook users compared to populations of selected countries

Figure 6.C Estimated number of worldwide users of social networks

Cyberspace and Social Networking, (cont’d)

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Figure 6.J The Slow City movement in Waldkirch allows for social bonds to develop among pedestrians.

Figure 6.H The heart of the town is the Marktplatz, which dates from the early Middle Ages.

Waldkirch, Germany

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Places as Objects of Consumption

• “Culture industries”– Advertising strategies

• Visual and experientialconsumption

• “Heritage industry”

Apply your knowledge: Compare and contrast modernity and postmodernity. Give specific examples of each.

Figure 6.19 Las Vegas showcases “historic” settings based mostly on stereotypes

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Figure 6.20 Thames Town in Shanghai, China combines commercial, residential, and cultural elements

Figure 6.21 Consumption in style at the Bed Restaurant, Florida

Places as Objects of Consumption, (cont’d)

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Future Geographies

• Homogenization of culture• Cosmopolitanism

Figure 6.22 The McDonald’s Buddha seated in lotus position in Shanghai, China was removed within one month due to criticism. In 2005, a less controversial version was introduced around Thailand without much objection.

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End of Chapter 6