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HF, RF & Microwave
Precision MeasurementTechnology for Safety in ElectromagneticFields
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Narda’s < advanced technology >
turns complex test scenarios intochild’s play for the user.
Narda Safety Test Solutions holds < 95% of all patents >
worldwide in the area ofelectromagnetic field
measurement technology.
Narda Safety Test Solutionsdevelops and produces a com-prehensive line of measuringdevices for:• Low-frequency fields• HF / RF / microwave fields• Personal safety
applications
Our highly practical usersupport program includes:• Equipment and application
consultation by our worldwidesales network
• Repair and calibration service• Expertise on standards and
industry developments• Training and measurement
services
“Just power on andmeasure!”Simple operation is importantwhen you need dependableresults. This requires < devicetechnologies > capable ofsimplifying the highly complexmeasurements found in EMFapplications. With any deviceyou purchase from NardaSafety Test Solutions, the basictenet is: “Just power on andmeasure!”
With < 95 % of all patents > inelectromagnetic field measure-ment technology, Narda SafetyTest Solutions is clearly apowerhouse in its businesssector. Its portfolio includes thepatent for frequency responseshaping which greatly simplifies measurements in amultifrequency environment.
All of our measuring deviceshold up well under demandingambient conditions. The robustdesign is built to take physicalpunishment and stand up to aradiation-prone workplace.
Your One-Stop Shop for Safety in Electromagnetic Fields
The CE mark is anotherstandard feature: All equipmentis manufactured in our ISO9001-compliant productionfacilities located in Germanyand the US.
All Narda Safety Test Solutionsproducts are calibrated andcomply with most of the coun-try-specific standards of theirusers.
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<< QQuuaalliiffiiccaattiioonn >>,,verification and personal safety:Narda Safety Test Solutions has theright test equipment no matter whatyour requirements.
The HF / RF / Microwaveproduct lineLike all equipment from Narda Safety Test Solutions,the HF / RF / microwave product line delivers excellentmeasurement reliability. All ofthe functions were designed forstraightforward and reliabletesting.
For all of your applicationsPrecision measurements of HF / RF / microwave fields arerequired mainly in the followingareas:• Wireless / telecommunications• Satellite communications• Radio / TV broadcasting• Military• Industry (particularly in
processes involving heating,curing, melting, plasticswelding and in semiconductorproduction)
• Railways / transportation(communications facilities)
• Medicine (particularly diather-my and hyperthermy)
• EMC laboratories
Narda Safety Test Solutions isdedicated to meeting your exactrequirements with a compre-hensive product line. Whetheryou are a specialist in charge of< qualifying > entire facilities,or a technician who mustregularly inspect facilitiesand/or equipment or make on-site visits to do service work,we have the right test solution.
To view our equipmentrecommendations for anyapplication area (qualification,inspection or personal safety),please visit our Website atwww.narda-sts.com.
8513 8511
Frequency range 10 to 42 MHz 300 kHz to 100 MHz
Band coverage 10 - 20 MHz, 20 - 35 MHz, 0.3 - 1.0 MHz, 1.0 - 20 MHz,
35 - 42 MHz 20 - 80 MHz, 80 - 100 MHz
Meas. range 0.05 to 50.0 mW/cm2 0.1 bis 100 mW/cm2 E field
E and H fields 0.2 bis 200 mW/cm2 H field
Special feature(s) Zero alignment at a keypress Zero alignment at a keypress
Display units mW/cm2, W/m2, V/m, A/m mW/cm2, W/m2, V/m, A/m
Includes Transport case, batteries Transport case, batteries,
insulated handle
Order number 8513 8511
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Our specifications
HF / RF / Microwave Measuring Devices forIndustrial, Medical and Telecom Applications
The 8500 series is intendedprimarily for industrial appli-cations and is very easy tooperate. The measuring deviceshave fixed, isotropic probes andcan measure E and H fieldswithout changing probes. Themodels differ in their frequencyand < measurement ranges >.
8513
8511
With its broad < measurement range >
and easy-of-use, Model 8511 isquickly becoming the standard for
the semiconductor processingindustry.
EMR-20C EMR-30C
100 kHz to 3 GHz 100 kHz to 3 GHz
0.6 bis 800 V/m, 0.0001 to 170 mW/cm2
Automatic zero alignment, averaging (time),
averaging (spatial) and data memory (EMR-30C)
mW/cm2, W/m2, V/m, A/m
Rechargeable cells, charger
2244/70 2244/80
5
The EMR-20C / EMR-30C Designed primarily for industrialand medical applications, theseunits are also suitable forgetting started in telecommuni-cations applications. The E-fieldprobes make isotropic measu-rements.EMR-30C also has a spatialaveraging function and memoryfor 1500 measured values. Bothunits offer remote control viathe optical RS 232 interface.
EM
R-2
0C
EM
R-3
0C
* with multiple frequency calibration; also available with reduced single frequency calibration as EMR-20 / EMR-30
* *
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8718 B unit• Backlit display• Results memory• Internal test sources• Optical interface for trans-
ferring measurement data
8715 unit• Easy operation• Spatial averaging• Time averaging• Batteries allow > 50 hours
operating time
8712 unit• Like 8715 but
withoutaveraging
HF / RF / Microwave Measuring Devices for Wireless Applications
The 87xx series is a testsystem with interchangeableprobes for electric andmagnetic fields.
The system was designedprimarily for applications in the < wireless and radar >sectors. A full range ofaccessories is available forsetting up and qualifyingfacilities. All of the measuringdevices have an adjustablealarm threshold.
8712 8715
Display units mW/cm2, W/m2, V/m, A/m, mW/cm2, W/m2, V/m, A/m,
% of standard % of standard
Averaging — Temporal and spatial
Power source Dry battery Dry battery(E-Block 9V) (E-Block 9V)
Includes Case, battery, Case, battery, 8744-04 cable,
8744-04 cable, 8713B zero-field chamber,
insulated handle / table-top tripod
Order number 8712 8715
8712
8715
8718
B
Measurement and frequency range see page 8 to 11
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EMR-200 / EMR-300• Flexible system for measuring
electromagnetic fields• Basic device plus wide range
of accessories• Interchangeable measure-
ment probes• Automatic probe detection• Remote control / RS 232
interface• Memory for 1,500 measured
values (EMR-300)• Spatial averaging (EMR-300)
The < EMR series > offers verysimple operation and highlydependable results. Zeroalignment is automatic – evenin the presence of powerfulfields. The 3-channel, digital-results processing ensures awide dynamic range (up to 65 dB). The alarm threshold isuser-selectable. The setting forthe averaging can be variedfrom 4 seconds to 15 minutes(default = 6 minutes). Thedevices have an optical inter-face to transfer measurementdata and for remote control andcalibration purposes.
8718 B EMR-200 EMR-300
mW/cm2, W/m2, V/m, A/m, mW/cm2, W/m2, V/m, A/m mW/cm2, W/m2, V/m, A/m
V2/m2,A2/m2, pJ/cm3, % of standard % of standard
% of standard
Temporal and spatial Temporal Temporal and spatial
Rechargeable cell Rechargeable cell or dry Rechargeable cell or batteries (type AA Mignon) dry batteries (type AA Mignon)
Case, rechargeable cell, Case, rechargeable cell, Case, rechargeable cell,
charger, 8744-04 cable, PC transfer set incl. software, PC transfer set incl. software,
8713B zero-field chamber, table-top tripod, charger table-top tripod, charger
PC interface cable with software
8718 B 2244/21 2244/31
EM
R-2
00 EM
R-3
00
Measurement and frequency range see page 8 to 11
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Summary of Probes for the 87xx Series
Frequency response weighted E-field probes (“shaped probes”)
Frequency response weighted H-field probes (“shaped probes”)
Accessories:For extension cables and connectors, see our detailed data sheets at www.narda-sts.com or contactone of our sales associates.
E-field probes
Frequency range Measurement range Model
3 kHz ... 1 MHz 0.1 µW/cm2 to 200 mW/cm2 0.61 to 868 V/m 8782Da
100 kHz ... 300 MHz 100 µW/cm2 to 200 mW/cm2 19.4 to 868 V/m 8764D
300 kHz...3 GHz 0.05 µW/cm2 to 100 µW/cm2 0.5 to 19.4 V/m 8760D
300 kHz...3 GHz 10 µW/cm2 to 20 mW/cm2 6.13 to 274 V/m 8761D
300 kHz...3 GHz 100 µW/cm2 to 200 mW/cm2 19.4 to 868 V/m 8762D
300 kHz...50 GHz 50 µW/cm2 to 20 mW/cm2 13 to 274 V/m 8741D
300 MHz...50 GHz 10 µW/cm2 to 20 mW/cm2 6.13 to 274 V/m 8721D
300 MHz...50 GHz 50 µW/cm2 to 100 mW/cm2 13.7 to 614 V/m 8723D
300 MHz...50 GHz 50 µW/cm2 to 100 mW/cm2 13.7 to 614 V/m 8783D
2 ... 18 GHz 20 µW/cm2 to 20 mW/cm2 8.67 to 274 V/m 8781D
a Model 8782 must be operated with the model 8747 optical interface and 8718B unit.
Frequency range Measurement range Model
300 kHz...10 MHz 100 µW/cm2 to 200 mW/cm2 0.0515 to 2.31 A/m 8752D
300 kHz... 10 MHz 1 mW/cm2 to 2 W/cm2 0.163 to 7.29 A/m 8754D
10 MHz ...300 MHz 10 µW/cm2 to 20 mW/cm2 0.0163 to 0.729 A/m 8731D
10 MHz ...300 MHz 50 µW/cm2 to 100 mW/cm2 0.0364 to 1.64 A/m 8733D
H-field probes
Frequency range Measurement range Model
300 kHz...200 MHz 0.3 to 300 % of standard related to power density A8732D
Frequency range Measurement range Model
300 kHz ... 3 GHz 0.6 to 600 % of standard related to power density x8742D*
300 kHz ... 50 GHz 0.3 to 300 % of standard related to power density x8722D**
3
2
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Detection mode Housing design Highlights
1 Active antenna
Compensated diodes 2
Compensated diodes 2 high measurement sensitivity
Compensated diodes 2
Compensated diodes 2
Compensated diodes and thermocouples 2 Ultrabroadband
Thermocouples 3
Thermocouples 3
Thermocouples 4 Flexible probe neck
Thermocouples 5 Flexible probe neck
Detection mode Housing design Highlights
Thermocouples 2
Thermocouples 2
Thermocouples 2
Thermocouples 2
Detection mode Housing design Highlights
Thermocouples 2
Detection mode Housing design Highlights
Compensated diode 2
Compensated diode and thermocouples 2 Ultrabroadband
5
4
3
2
1
* A8742D = FCC 1997 (occupational/controlled)
= Japan RCR-38 (controlled)B8742D = FCC 1997 (General
Population)
** A8722D = FCC 1997 (occupational/controlled) B8722D = IEEE C95.1-1999 (controlled)C8722D = Canadian Safety Code 6
(1999 RF/Microwave Workers)D8722D = ICNIRP 1998 (occupational)
= CENELEC ENV 50166-2. Jan. 1995 (occupational)= BGV B11, 2001, exposure range 1
A8732D = IEEE C95.1-1999 (controlled)
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Summary of Probes for EMR-200 and EMR-300
a Type 25C*: For FCC 96-326, Aug. 1996, occupationalJapan, RCR-STD-38, controlled
Type 26C*: For ICNIRP, 1998, occupationalCENELEC ENV 50166-2. Jan. 1995 occupationalBGV B11, 2001, exposure range 1 (formerly: DIN VDE 0848, 1991, exp. 1)Canada Safety Code 6, 1993, occupational
E-field probes
Frequency range Measurement range Model
100 kHz ...3 GHz 0.00001 to 42.4 mW/cm2 0.2 to 320 V/m Type 18C*
100 kHz ...3 GHz 0.0001 to 170 mW/cm2 0.6 to 800 V/m Type 8C*
3 MHz ...18 GHz 0.0002 to 265 mW/cm2 0.8 to 1,000 V/m Type 9C*
27 MHz ...60 GHz 0.0001 to 23.9 mW/cm2 0.7 to 300 V/m Type 11C
Frequency range Measurement range Model
3 kHz ... 3 MHz 1.2 to 2,360,000 mW/cm2 0.18 to 250 A/m Type 13C*
300 kHz ... 30 MHz 0.005 to 10,900 mW/cm2 0.012 to 17 A/m Type 12C*
27 MHz ... 1 GHz 0.01 to 9,650 mW/cm2 0.018 to 16 A/m Type 10C*
80 MHz ...1 GHz 0.001 to 942 mW/cm2 0.006 to 5 A/m Type 14C*
Frequency range Measurement range Model
300 kHz ... 40 GHz 0.2 to 10,000 % of standard related to power density Type 2xCa
H-field-probes
Frequency response weighted E-field probes (“shaped probes”)
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Detection mode Housing design Highlights
Diodes 3 High sensitivity
Diodes 1
Diodes 1
Diodes 1 Ultrabroadband
Detection mode Housing design Highlights
Diodes 2
Diodes 2
Diodes 1
Diodes 1 High measurement sensitivity
Detection mode Housing design Highlights
Diodes 1 Ultrabroadband
75 mm
32 cm
3
2
1
* with multiple frequency calibration; also available with reduced single frequency calibration
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Equipment from Narda SafetyTest Solutions was developedespecially for applicationsinvolving occupational safetyand protection of the generalpublic, and includes all of thefunctions you need to makestandards-compliant measure-ments with ease.
Limits for human exposure toelectromagnetic fields aregoverned by various nationaland international standards.Many of these standards arebased on the recommendationsof the < ICNIRP >.
Standards-Compliant Measurements with ConvenientTest Equipment
< Shaped probes > greatly simplify measurements in a
multifrequency environment.
Limits for the electric field:ICNIRP, 1998.
Frequency ranges andapplication fields The frequency spectrum isusually broken down into tworanges: Low frequency up toabout 30 kHz and highfrequency from 30 kHz to 300 GHz (which includes theRF & microwave ranges).
Different applications such asFM radio as well as wirelessand satellite communication areassociated with certain HFranges. To monitor the behaviorof electromagnetic fields, it isnecessary to know the fre-quency since the limits arefrequency-dependent. The oneexception to this is when youare measuring with patented < shaped probes >. TheseNarda Safety Test Solutionsprobes have automaticfrequency response weightingso you don’t have to worryabout frequency ranges. Theresults are displayed as a % of standard.
1 10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M 1G 10G 100G
10
100
1k
10k
100k
0,1f [Hz]
[V/m]
occupational
general public
< ICNIRP >is the “International Commission onNon-Ionizing Radiation Protection”.
For more information, visitwww.icnirp.de
E
13
< 3 x wavelength > is a simplified form of the equation R= 0.6 D2: �
Since the < field distribution > is rarely homogeneous, a field needsto be measured at several points.
Near and far fieldsElectromagnetic fields have anelectric field component E [V/m]and a magnetic field componentH [A/m]. In the near field, it isnecessary to measure the E and H fields separately.However, if the distance fromthe field source is < 3 x wave-length > or greater, we are inthe far field. Here, the E and Hfields are related by a constant,and we only have to measureone of them.
Conversions in the far fieldIn the far field, once wemeasure the H field we cancompute the magnitude of the E field and also the powerdensity S (mW/cm2 or W/m2), or vice versa. For conversiontables or a converter, visitwww.narda-sts.com and clickon “Help”. When measuring withone of our devices, you canalso choose the units of yourchoice, e.g., V/m, A/m, mW/cm2
or W/m2.
Zero alignment and thefunctional test after power-on To make precision measure-ments, measuring devices forelectromagnetic fields mustundergo zero alignment afterpower-on or when the temp-erature changes. Depending onthe measuring device, thisprocedure is performed in aconvenient, portable, zero-field
chamber (85xx and 87xxdevices) or using a new auto-matic technique allowinginternal zero alignment – evenin the presence of high fieldstrengths (EMR devices).
After the automatic self test, thefunctional check of the sensorscan use the built-in field source(8718B) or an external source.
Field distributions in timeand spaceSince the < field distribution >is rarely homogeneous, a fieldneeds to be measured atseveral points to truly charac-terize the full-body exposure.Based on these measuredvalues, the quadratic mean isformed. With a measuringdevice from Narda Safety TestSolutions, this is a single keypress function (spatial aver-aging). Almost all devices alsoinclude an averaging functionvs. time to perform a 6-minuteaverage, as stipulated in manystandards. The time interval can be varied to meet otherrequirements.
t
Max. Hold
Average Actual
Max. Average
These four values are present in the EMR devices, regardless of what display mode youchoose: Actual Measured Value e.g. in V/m, Max Hold, Average and Max Average.
Field strength
1414
Standardized measurements mustbe < isotropic >,
meaning non-directional:
x2 + y2 + z2
Non-directionalmeasurementsIn a free field, we are usuallydealing with multiple sources ofelectromagnetic radiation. Toproperly assess the exposure, < isotropic > (non-directional)measurements are required.Using a clever sensor arrange-ment, the correct result isobtained no matter how thedevice and fields are situated.
The right sensor and detectorfor every measurementAn E field is normally measuredwith a dipole sensor or asurface-area sensor, while an H field requires a coil.
Surface-area sensors are usedin the Nardalert XT personalmonitor, for example. Theirdesign minimizes the bodilyinfluence on the E field in thelow frequency range.
Depending on the application,diodes and thermoelements areused as detectors.
Thermocouple probes shouldbe used for most radarmeasurements. they alwaysyield true RMS averagemeasurements regardless of
�
Figs. a to d shows different sensorarrangements for isotropic
measurements.
1515
pulse width. The < dynamicrange > is limited to approxi-mately 30 dB so diode probesmust be used for extremely lowlevel measurements. Diodeprobes can also be used tomeasure peak levels.
Frequency responseweighted probes forconvenient testingThere are different personalsafety limits at differentfrequencies. “Shaped probes”take care of the frequency
< Dynamic range > is measured in dB and is a logarithmic power or voltage ratio,e.g., a voltage ratio of 10 : 1corresponds to 20 dB.
issues for you, providing aneasy-to-read display as a % ofstandard.You don’t have to dealwith the actual field strengthlimits or frequencies, enablingquick and simple measure-ments even under complexambient conditions. NardaSafety Test Solutions is the onlysupplier for shaped probes.Why? We hold the patent forthis feature.
Modulation type: How does itinfluence the measurement?The customary modulationtypes such as amplitude modu-lation (AM, low modulation factor), frequency modulation(FM) and digital modulation(GSM) have minimal influenceon the measurement result.However, this is not the casewith the pulsed signals found inradar applications, whichgenerally have an extremepulse/pause ratio. Here,thermocouples are beneficial(see sensor types).
Sensor
Shaping (according to standard)
Detector
Processing and Display
Frequency response weighted probes for convenient testing
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How much exposure canmeasuring devices stand?Every measuring device has itsown unique measurementrange. The sensitivity of thedevice determines the lowerlimit of the range. Device over-loading determines the upperlimit. When making measure-ments in unknown fields,always start out with the leastsensitive probe to avoiddestroying the sensors! Withalmost all probes, the over-loading / destruction limits liewell above the personal safetylimits. In some cases you mightchoose to increase sensitivityby changing probes. It’s a goodidea to have an initial look at field conditions using a
< personal monitor > whichyou should carry with you toavoid exposure to hazardousradiation (see the separateNarda Safety Test Solutionsbrochure on personal safetyapplications).
Measurement deviation dueto out-of-band measurementsWithin the defined frequencyrange, frequency responsedeviations of the probes can beminimized using calibrationfactors. If you are measuringoutside of the defined fre-quency range, the measuringdevice will still work, but itssensitivity will decrease signifi-cantly. For example you can useprobe type 8 at lower frequen-cies than the specified limit of 100 kHz.
Carrying a < personal monitor > is a good idea for anyone who has
to work at facilities where HF, RF,and/or microwave fields are
present.
Displayed field
Destruction limit
Incoming field
Measurement range
Intrinsic noise
Amplitude
Out-of-band
Out-of-band
Frequency range of probe
Frequency
Overloading range
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If you are interested in moredetails and practical informationon this very complex topic,consider our HF / RF / Micro-wave training program.
Measurements of high fieldstrengths and long-termmeasurements with datamemory and evaluationNarda Safety Test Solutionsmeasuring devices designed forqualification work have a datamemory. If you need to measurehigh field strengths or make
long-term measurements, youshould consider transferring themeasured values to a PCand/or printer using the opticalinterface included in the devicesand the transfer set. Most of thedevices can be remotely con-trolled via this same interface.
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Narda Safety Test Solutionsmeasuring devices and probesare calibrated prior to deliveryto the customer. The calibrationdata are traceable to nationaland international standards.
We can recalibrate these samedevices and probes in the < US and Germany >.
The American site also offersan express calibration service(within 10 days). If you are inte-rested in this service, please
The American and Germansites both offer comprehensiveoccupational safety training aswell as training for HF / RF /Microwave. Participants willbecome familiar with:• Basic fundamentals• Individual measurement
techniques• Guidelines for an overall
safety concept.
If you want customized training,please contact your salesassociate or Narda Safety TestSolutions in the US or Germany.< Seminars > are given in thelocal language of the countrywhere they take place.
Two Sites for Calibration and Repair
Seminars, Courses and HF /RF / Microwave Training
We have sites for calibration and service work in the< US and Germany >.
For current information about our < seminars >,
visit www.narda-sts.com
request an RMA number. Visitwww.narda-sts.com for details.
If a device requires repair, send it to the calibration site, orcontact your sales associate forassistance.
Video-based trainingWe also offer safety trainingand measurement training onvideo cassettes. Contact yoursales associate for details.
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Why Make Your Own Measurements?Let Our EMS Measurement Service Take Charge!
Narda Safety Test SolutionsGermany offers a < full-fea-tured measurement service >with quotes, specialists to make the measurements andfully standards-compliant documentation.
We use the latest technology,which is calibrated and trace-able to national standards.
Upon request, we will qualifyand inspect (for low frequencyand/or high frequency) any ofthe following:• Systems and equipment• Workplaces• Areas open to the general
publicThis can include both indoorand outside spaces.
The EMS measurement service is your < full-featured measurementservice >.
Your benefits:You savepersonnel and training costs,not to mention the investmentand maintenance expense forstate-of-the-art measuringdevices. We can also provideregularly-scheduled monitoringof your facilities. To order theEMS measurement service,contact Narda Safety Test Solutions Germany directly.