Hereford Originated in Hereford, England Red with white head, legs, and switch (tail), underline, crest and flank Tolerant of cold (thick coats) Originally a horned breed, Warren Gammon (Iowa) developed a polled version Polled Hereford Developed in Iowa by Warren Gammon Naturally hornless Red with white face, legs and underline Angus Originated in Scotland, brought to US in 1870s Most popular purebred beef (vigorous, perform well in feedlots) Polled Solid Black or Red Known for Marbling Certified Angus Beef (consumer demand) Angus Shorthorn Originated in England Red; red & white or roan in color Horned or Polled Short, Docile, Good Mothering Ability Dual purpose breed Sometimes called the Durham breed Shorthorn What are the English Beef Breeds? Hereford - Red & white, horned or polled. Angus - bred to compete with Hereford smaller cows and calves excellent conformation (body type) resistant to pinkeye & cancer eye (due to black) Shorthorn - dual purpose breed (meat/milk) Brahman Originated in US after being bred breeds from India and Britain Horned or polled Able to survive on very little, poor feed Insect & heat resistant Excess skin, large hump on back & drooping ears White to gray, red to black Unpredictable temperament Brahman Charolais Originated in Charolais, France Pink to white color Large (1,500-2,500#) Long bodied Heavily muscled Polled or horned Popular in crossbreeds to increase size/muscling Charolais Simmental Originated in Switzerland Oldest breed of cattle in the world White face dominant, red and white spotted to all red body Black lines have been developed Polled and horned Rapid growth & thick muscling Simmental From France Brought to US in 1968 Rust Red to Orange Muzzle is lighter than body Black lines developed Long and shallow bodied (easy calving) Lean carcass/ high cutabilty Polled or Horned Limousin Cross of Brahman (3/8) and Angus (5/8) Polled Crossed at USDA Experiment Station in Louisiana Solid Black Brangus Developed in Texas 1908 Brahman, Shorthorn, Hereford Red is dominant color Horned or Polled Hardy, Milk Well Rapid weight gain, hardy, good temperment Beefmaster Texas Longhorn Developed entirely by nature in North America Known for its long horns High fertility Were near extinction in 1927 What are Exotics? Animals not common to U.S. Used for increasing calf weights Importation laws commonly restrict bringing exotics into the U.S. Belgian Blue Belted Galloway Chianina Chianina (Kee-a-nee-a) Originated in Italy One of the oldest breeds of cattle Tallest breed of beef cattle Short hair that is white to steel gray Quick Article - Gelbvieh Originated in Germany Yellow Cattle in German now a yellow to red coloring Noted for superior fertility and mothering ability Tend to be extra fleshy under the throat Highland Maine Anjou Originated in France Dark red with white markings or black Developed by crossing the Mancelle breed with the Shorthorn breed Piedmontese Salers Originated in France Fastest growing breed in the United States Mahogany red to black in color One of the last breeds to be imported into the United States South Devon New Breeds Continually Arise Santa Gertrudis Developed on the King Ranch in Texas All Santa Gertrudis are descendants of the bull, Monkey They were created by crossing shorthorn cows and Brahman bulls