Future Internet Architecture:The NSF FIND Program

Dynamic Optical Circuit Switched (DOCS) Networks

for Future Large Scale Dynamic Networking Environments

Henrik N. Poulsen1, John Bowers1, Daniel J. Blumenthal1, Nick McKeown2,

and Biswanath Mukherjee3 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

University of California, Santa Barbara

henrik@ece.ucsb.edu2Stanford University, 3UC Davis

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FIND: Future Internet Design

Darleen Fisher, Guru Parulkar

CISE

National Science Foundationdlfisher@nsf.gov

Challenge: Research Community to Create Future Internet --

Internet for the 21st Century

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The Future Internet

Requirements

Be worthy of our society’s trust Even for managing and operating critical infrastructures

Provide a bridge between physical and virtual worlds Via instrumented and managed sensorized physical environment

Support pervasive computing From wireless devices to supercomputers From wireless channels to all optical light-paths

Enable further innovations in S&E research Seamless access to networked instruments, supercomputers, storage, etc.

Create a social world in which we would want to live

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What is Different This Time?

Clean-slate approach To overcome Internet ossification Research not constrained by the features of the current

Internet

A comprehensive coordinated effort Ability to try different approaches (We do not have a

preconceived idea of what they are)

Ability to experiment at scale With real users and applications

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Present: Opaque OEO Optical Networks

Issues:

Doesn’t scale in power or footprint

Expensive OEO interfaces

Static, opex intensive

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Dynamic Optical Circuit Switched (DOCS) Networks

Optical circuit switch reduces power consumption—switch wavelengths rather than switching bits.

Smaller, simpler than optical packet switching.

Compact

Low latency OXCNOXCN

OXCN

OXCN

Time

Complexity

(De)multiplexerAdd/drop multiplexer

Reconfigurableadd/drop multiplexer

OXCNOptical cross-connect

OXCNOXCN

OXCN

OXCN

Time

Complexity

(De)multiplexerAdd/drop multiplexer

Reconfigurableadd/drop multiplexer

OXCNOptical cross-connect

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Dynamic Optical Circuit Switched (DOCS) Network Example

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What is needed for a DOCS network?

Optical switches

DWDM mux/demux (Integrated with switch?)

Control plane

Synchronization between control plane and optics

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Dynamic optical circuit switched node

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Is Silicon Photonics the solution for low cost circuit switching?

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Silicon Evanescent Photonics Integrated Circuit Technology

An approach to integrate passive optical components with active photonic components (lasers, amplifiers, modulators) and electronics.

Mode remains in Silicon

Amplification and modulation in III-V

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Continuous Wave Electrically Pumped Hybrid Silicon Evanescent Laser

Mode determined by Si waveguideLow temperature (300 C) bondingElectrical pumping: 60 mA IthCW operation up to 40 CPulsed operation up to 80 CArrays (26 working lasers/bar)

Fang et al., Optics Express, Oct. 2, 2006.

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Silicon Evanescent Photonics Integrated Circuit Technology

An approach to integrate passive optical components with activephotonic components (lasers, amplifiers, modulators) andelectronics: Example: Wavelength converter

J. Bowers et al., Device Research Conference, 2006.

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Issues

Control plane must be simple to allow low latency and high switching granularity Complex control plane would most likely result in large latency

Integration must be simple, low loss, inexpensive Standardized production

Manufacturing must be capable of high volume, minimal handling Drive cost down

Optical Performance Monitoring Electrically switched networks have spoiled us – we have access to all kinds

of performance data Can a set of performance data be defined that can be monitored optically?