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Heat Generation Modeling of a Lithium Battery: from the Cell, to the Pack on COMSOL Multiphysics
MSc. Joël STOUDMANN
Thursday, October 15th 2015
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Comsol Conference – Grenoble 2015 2/23
PhD. John Dunning
Prof. Thomas Mackin
In collaboration with
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Comsol Conference – Grenoble 2015 3/23
Summary
• Introduction• Background• Goal• Parameters determination• Physical and computational model• Results• Conclusion
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Comsol Conference – Grenoble 2015 4/23
Introduction
• Lithium ion battery, energetic density• Performance, life, and temperature
Electric car : Automobile-propre.com
E-Fan : sti.tice.ac-orleans-tours.fr
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Comsol Conference – Grenoble 2015 5/23
Introduction
• Comsol Multiphysics, Fuel Cell module
Cal Poly electric race car battery pack
Cal Poly Electric Race Car
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Comsol Conference – Grenoble 2015 6/23
Background
• Lithium atom properties, and aspect
Lithium pure : news.softpedia.com
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Comsol Conference – Grenoble 2015 7/23
Background
Lithium batterie operation (charge)
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Comsol Conference – Grenoble 2015 8/23
Background
Cell 33 opened
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Comsol Conference – Grenoble 2015 9/23
Simulation 1 : Figure out the heatgeneration of the battery cell duringthe discharge.
Goals
Simulation 2 : Figure out the temperature elevation of the Batterypack.
Comsol Modules : Battery and Fuel Cell + Heat Transfer
Comsol Module : Heat Transfer
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Comsol Conference – Grenoble 2015 10/23
Simulation 1: Heat Generation
Heat Generation
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Comsol Conference – Grenoble 2015 11/23
Simulation 2 : Temperature Elevation
Heat Generation
Temperature Elevation
Heat Transfer model (3D)
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Joel Stoudmann Master Thesis 12/23
Cal Poly Electric Car Battery Cell
Positive Electrode (𝐿𝑖𝑦𝐶𝑜𝑂2)
Negative Electrde (𝐿𝑖𝐶6)
Scanning electrons microscope
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Comsol Conference – Grenoble 2015 13/23
Physical and computational model
Simulation 1
Initial Conditions
Boundary Conditions
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Comsol Conference – Grenoble 2015 14/23
Physical and computational model
Simulation 1
Initial Conditions
Boundary Conditions
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Comsol Conference – Grenoble 2015 15/23
Physical and computational model
1D meshes 2D meshes
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Comsol Conference – Grenoble 2015 16/23
Physical and computational model
Simulation 2
Real pack One element Model Pack 10x
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Comsol Conference – Grenoble 2015 17/23
Physical and computational model
10 bodies of the pack 6 external surfaces Boundaries created by the enclosure
Heat transfert in a solid Boundary conditions Thin thermally resistive layers
Heat generation : Battery 3, time : 720 [sec], Initial temperature 25[degC]
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Comsol Conference – Grenoble 2015 18/23
Results : Simulation 1
Discharge curves battery 3
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Comsol Conference – Grenoble 2015 19/23
Results ; Simulation 2
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Comsol Conference – Grenoble 2015 20/23
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Comsol Conference – Grenoble 2015 21/23
Conclusion
Pack effect : 5.6 [degC] 9.1 [%] error
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Comsol Conference – Grenoble 2015 22/23
Conclusion
• Improvement of the Comsol model
Parameters : Electrical conductivities (electrons), diffusivities (ions)
• Improvement of the experiments
Measure the temperature elevation accurately on the packs and the cells
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Comsol Conference – Grenoble 2015 23/23
Thanks for your attention