heart of pc - microprocessor
TRANSCRIPT
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H EART OF PC - M ICROPROCESSOR
´A microprocessor is a register based clock driven
electronics device which accept binary data as input
and processes it by doing some kind of manipulation
(step by step analyzing by the help of calculation)to
produce the desired result or outputµ
´The microprocessor is a chip that is connected
on a motherboard. That accepts an instruction
and give a resultsµ
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GENER ATION OF MICROPROCESSOR
´The first microprocessors emerged in the early
1970s and were used for electronic calculators,
using BCD arithmetic·s on 4 bit words.µ
Other embedded uses of 4 and 8-bit
microprocessors ,such as terminals , printers ,
various kinds of automation etc, followed rather
quickly. Affordable 8-bit microprocessors with 16-
bit addressing also led to the first general purpose
microcomputers in the mid-1970s.
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The 8085 Structural Modal:
Accumulator
ALU
INSTRUCTION
DECODER
FLA GS
Register Arrays
Memorypointer
Registers
Timing and control unit
Accumulator
A (8)
BB (8) ()
D (8)
H (8)
ZER
O
SIGN
CA R
RY
P A
RITY
A
U X
C (8)
E (8)
L (8)
Stack Pointer (SP) (16)
Program Counter(PC) (16)
Data Bus Address Bus
Flag Register
D0
C Y
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1
SZ AC P
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BUS(B A SIC UNIV ERS AL S YSTEM)
This is the system of motherboard through whichsignal or data can be transform from one device to
another device.
Three types of bus are found in a
motherboard.
Signal/Data Bus
Address Bus
Control Bus
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Signal/Data Bus:-
This is the BUS of the Motherboard which can carry signalsfrom one device to another device.
Address BUS:-
This is the BUS of a particularly Signal/Data of a motherboardwhich is mentioned a address for the particular signal from one
device to another device.
Control BUS:-
This is the BUS of a particular signal of a motherboard whichis control the particular signal of the motherboard from one
device to another device.
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CPU TYPE CPU RANGE BUS SUPPORT
Pentium
P1 P2 (I)
P2 (II)
P3 (I)
P3 (II)
P4 (I)
P4 (II)
P4 (III)
P4 (IV)
100 - 233 MHz233 ² 350 MHz
400 ² 450 MHz
450 ² 700 MHz
733 MHz ² 1.2 GHz
1.4 ² 1.7 GHz
1.8 ² 2.26 GHz
2.4 ² 2.6 GHz
2.6HT,2.8,2.8HT,3.0H
T GHz
66MHz66MHz
66-100MHz
100MHz
133MHz
266MHz
266-333MHz
333-533MHz
533-800MHz
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733/256/133/1.7
Suppose we have a processor
whose
Configuration given below:-
733 is its original speed in
MHz
256 is its L2 Cache in KB
133 is its Bus speed or clock
speed
1.7 is its core voltage in volt.
Frequency speed= ?
Frequency speed = original
speed / bus speed
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P ROCESSOR MODES
PROCESSOR SPEED
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PROCESSOR SOCKETS AND SLOTS
PG A(Pi n Grid Array)
SPG A(Staggered Pin Grid Array)
MPG A(Micro PG A)
FC-PG A(Flip-Chip PinGrid array)
FC-PG A2(FCA-PG A with an integrated heatspreader)
LG A(Land Grid Array)
PAC(Pin Array Cartridge)
PPG A(Plastic PG A)
SC242(Slot connecter with 242 pins) SECC (Single Edge Contact Cartridge)
BG A(Ball Grid Array)
FC-BG A(Flip Chip BG A)
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V RM T ECHNOLOGY
´It is a technique to make
the microprocessor work
at a low voltage state.µ
From socket 7 onwards a new
technology was implemented known
as V RM(Voltage Regulation Module)
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INSTALLING PROCESSOR ON
MOTHERBOARD
STEP-1