healthy active living copyright © 2010 thompson educational publishing, inc. unit 1: healthy active...
TRANSCRIPT
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Unit 1: Healthy Active Living
Chapter 1
Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Unit 1Healthy Active Living
Chapter 1-2Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Key Terms
• healthy active living• wellness• wellness-awareness
continuum• healthy lifestyle• overweight• obesity• fitness
• health-related fitness• skill-related fitness• Medicare• Canadian Physical Activity
Fitness & Lifestyle Approach (CPAFLA)
• Health Benefit Zones
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Unit 1Healthy Active Living
Chapter 1-3Wellness and Healthy Active Living
What Is Wellness?
• Health conscious• Health active• Health wise• Health committed
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Unit 1Healthy Active Living
Chapter 1-4Wellness and Healthy Active Living
The Wellness-Awareness Continuum
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Unit 1Healthy Active Living
Chapter 1-5Wellness and Healthy Active Living
What Is Healthy Active Living?
• Good physical health• Good mental health• Good social health• Good spiritual health
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Unit 1Healthy Active Living
Chapter 1-6Wellness and Healthy Active Living
• Health risks of carrying excess weight:• Hypertension (high blood pressure)• Type II diabetes• Osteoarthritis• Sleep apnea• Cancer
• Active Living: spend 30 minutes every school day on physical activities with at least 10 minutes involving vigorous activities
• Healthy Eating: choose a balanced food plan that includes three or more meals per day that target all food groups
Maintaining a Healthy Weight
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Unit 1Healthy Active Living
Chapter 1-7Wellness and Healthy Active Living
What Is Fitness?
• Health-Related Fitness:• Cardiorespiratory
fitness• Muscular strength• Muscular endurance• Flexibility• Body Composition
• Skill-Related Fitness:• Agility• Balance• Coordination• Power• Reaction time• Speed
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Unit 1Healthy Active Living
Chapter 1-8Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Health Canada and You
• The Health Card
• Assessing the Nation:• Canadian Physical Activity, Fitness & Lifestyle Approach
(CPAFLA)
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Unit 1Healthy Active Living
Chapter 1-9Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Why Take Health and Physical Education?
• Learn and develop new activity skills• Make better decisions about your health now and
as you grow older• Improve your physical, mental, social, and
spiritual health• Get more opportunities to be active• Learn to be educators and leaders
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Unit 1Healthy Active Living
Chapter 1-10Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Choosing to Participate
• Be on time• Dress appropriately for class• Play fair• Play safe• Practise good social skills• Have fun!
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Unit 1: Healthy Active Living
Chapter 2Healthy Bones and
Muscles
Chapter 2Healthy Bones and
Muscles
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Unit 1Healthy Active Living
Chapter 1-12Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Key Terms
• anatomy/physiology• anatomical position• anatomical axes and planes• axial skeleton/appendicular skeleton• smooth muscle/cardiac muscle/skeletal muscle
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Unit 1Healthy Active Living
Chapter 1-13Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Key Terms – cont’d
• muscle contraction• sliding filament theory• neuromuscular junction• joints• muscle pairs
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Unit 1Healthy Active Living
Chapter 1-14Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Anatomy and Physiology
• Structure and Function• Anatomy: the branch of science concerned with
describing the bodily structure of humans, animals, and other living organisms
• Physiology: the branch of biology that is concerned with how the various body parts function
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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Chapter 1-15Wellness and Healthy Active Living
The Anatomical Position
• A common starting point from which scientists view, describe, and analyze body parts and body movements
• When demonstrating the anatomical position:• The person is standing erect with head, eyes, and toes
pointing forward• The feet are together and the arms are slightly out to
the side• The palms of the hands are facing forward
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Unit 1Healthy Active Living
Chapter 1-16Wellness and Healthy Active Living
The Anatomical Position
• Describing Positions and Relationships:• Anterior/Posterior• Superior/Inferior• Medial/Lateral• Proximal/Distal
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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Chapter 1-17Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Describing Movement
• Anatomical axes are imaginary lines around which rotation occurs:• Horizontal axis (bilateral axis)• Anteroposterior axis• Polar axis (vertical axis)
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Unit 1Healthy Active Living
Chapter 1-18Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Describing Movement
• Anatomical planes are like sheets of glass placed through the body that show the dimension in which a movement occurs:• Sagittal plane• Frontal plane (coronal plane)• Transverse plane (horizontal plane)
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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Chapter 1-19Wellness and Healthy Active Living
The Skeletal System
• The Parts of the Skeleton:• Axial skeleton• Appendicular skeleton
• Types of Bones:• Long bones• Flat bones• Irregular bones• Sesamoid bones• Short bones
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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Chapter 1-20Wellness and Healthy Active Living
The Anatomy of a Long Bone
• Cartilage• Periosteum• Diaphysis• Medullary cavity• Compact bone
• Cancellous, or spongy bone
• Epiphysis• Epiphyseal plates
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Unit 1Healthy Active Living
Chapter 1-21Wellness and Healthy Active Living
The Muscular System
• Muscle Types:• Smooth muscles
• Involuntary• Can stay contracted for a long period of time
• Cardiac muscle• Involuntary• Specialized muscle tissue in the heart
• Skeletal muscle• Voluntary• Pull on bones, causing joints to move
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Unit 1Healthy Active Living
Chapter 1-22Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Muscles in Action
• An electrical impulse comes from the brain or spinal cord (voluntary or involuntary)
• The signal travels along the nerve to the muscle site (the neuromuscular junction) and attempts to jump the gap
• A chemical reaction takes place deep within the muscle fibre (many times over), affecting the entire muscle group
• At the molecular level, the reaction causes the filaments to “slide” with respect to each other in a ratchet-like fashion
• The muscle fibre contracts
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Unit 1Healthy Active Living
Chapter 1-23Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Types of Muscle Contraction
• Concentric contraction• The muscle shortens while working
• Eccentric contraction• The muscle lengthens while working
• Isometric contraction• The muscle force is equal to resistance and the muscle
doesn’t change in length
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Unit 1Healthy Active Living
Chapter 1-24Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Joints
• Types of Joints:• Fibrous (or immovable) joints• Cartilaginous (or slightly moveable) joints• Synovial (or freely moveable) joints
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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Chapter 1-25Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Synovial Joints
• Types of Synovial Joints:• Gliding• Hinge • Pivot • Ellipsoid • Saddle • Ball-and-socket
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Unit 1Healthy Active Living
Chapter 1-26Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Types of Movement at Joints
• Flexion• Abduction• Supination• Dorsiflexion• Inversion• Internal rotation• Circumduction
• Extension• Adduction• Pronation• Plantar flexion• Eversion• External rotation
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Unit 1: Healthy Active Living
Chapter 3Healthy Heart and
Lungs
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Unit 1Healthy Active Living
Chapter 1-28Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Key Terms
• cardiorespiratory system• artery/vein• cardiovascular system• pulmonary/systemic
circulation• cardiac control centre• cardiac cycle• blood pressure
• respiratory system• alveoli• adenosine triphosphate
(ATP)• aerobic system• anaerobic system• lactic acid• aerobic activity
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Unit 1Healthy Active Living
Chapter 1-29Wellness and Healthy Active Living
The Cardiorespiratory System
• The heart, lungs, and all their supporting structures, including the blood vessels
• Heart and Lung Awareness• Air pollution• Smoking
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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Chapter 1-30Wellness and Healthy Active Living
The Cardiovascular System
• Pulmonary and Systemic Circulation• The Double Pump• In a Heart Beat
• Diastolic phase• Systolic phase
• Blood Pressure
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Unit 1Healthy Active Living
Chapter 1-31Wellness and Healthy Active Living
The Respiratory System
• Conductive Zone (Breathing)• Area where air enters the lungs
• Respiratory Zone (Gas Exchange)• Area where the gas exchange occurs
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Unit 1Healthy Active Living
Chapter 1-32Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Energy Systems
• The Aerobic System• The Anaerobic System
• ATP—CP
• Glycolysis
• Lactic Acid
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
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Chapter 1-33Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Keeping the Cardiorespiratory System Fit
• Exercise• Aerobic activity
• Nutrition• Eat a variety of foods in moderation
• Avoid:• Smoking
• Thousands of chemicals found in both tobacco and marijuana smoke
• Stress• Can cause high blood pressure and lead to cardiovascular
disease
Healthy Active LivingCopyright © 2010 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Unit 1Healthy Active Living
Chapter 1-34Wellness and Healthy Active Living
Keep Your Heart and Lungs Fit
• Avoid excess weight gain• Reduce or prevent high blood pressure• Lessen the risk of coronary artery disease• Reduce the risk of stroke