health education

HEALTH EDUCATIONHEALTH EDUCATION

Věra KernováVěra Kernová

National Institute of Public HealthNational Institute of Public Health

PraguePrague

Health EducationHealth EducationDefinition - WHODefinition - WHO

Process of providing information and Process of providing information and advice related to advice related to healthy lifestylehealthy lifestyle and and encouraging the development of encouraging the development of knowledge, attitudes and skills aimed at knowledge, attitudes and skills aimed at behaviour changebehaviour change of individuals or of individuals or communities. communities.

Enables and influences controll over ownEnables and influences controll over own

´s health leading to ´s health leading to optimalizationoptimalization of of attitudes and habits related to attitudes and habits related to lifestylelifestyle and increasing and increasing quality of lifequality of life. .

Health EducationHealth EducationPolicyPolicy

Is the component of a national health Is the component of a national health

policy covering different sectors (M. policy covering different sectors (M.

of Health, M. of Education, etc). of Health, M. of Education, etc).

National Institute of Public Health National Institute of Public Health

(NIPH) serves as the methodical (NIPH) serves as the methodical

centre for public health institutes centre for public health institutes

and other organizations (Law No. and other organizations (Law No.

258/2000).258/2000).

Health EducationHealth Education

ActivitiesActivities

Integrated into local, regional or Integrated into local, regional or national programmes implementing the national programmes implementing the aims of the Health 21 Programme.aims of the Health 21 Programme.

Education of individuals, communities Education of individuals, communities and the whole population of all age, and the whole population of all age, social and ethnic groups.social and ethnic groups.

Health EducationHealth Education Main principles Main principles

Supported by the latest knowledge from Supported by the latest knowledge from research (medicine, sociology, psychology).research (medicine, sociology, psychology).

A systematic, comprehensive and consistent A systematic, comprehensive and consistent activity.activity.

Adapted to age, gender, education and Adapted to age, gender, education and particular health, mental or social problems particular health, mental or social problems of an individual or community (school, of an individual or community (school, entreprise, city).entreprise, city).

Encourages personal investment of an Encourages personal investment of an individual.individual.

Respects environment of an individual.Respects environment of an individual.


MethodsMethods

Drawing attentionDrawing attention to a to a particular problemparticular problem – – billboards,billboards, TV spots, posters, campaigns (NIPH - TV spots, posters, campaigns (NIPH - Quit SmokingQuit Smoking, 3rd Medical Faculty, IFMSA - , 3rd Medical Faculty, IFMSA - Smoke free partySmoke free party))

Providing basic informationProviding basic information – – warning, warning, recommendation, advice – recommendation, advice – leaflets, calendars, leaflets, calendars, articles in articles in newspapersnewspapers, TV and radio broadcasts, TV and radio broadcasts


MethodsMethods Providing more detailed information and guidelines

– education focused on the attitude change (brochures, manuals, books, lectures, discussions, internet)

Methods and guidelines focused on the behaviour

change – intervention procedures (sets of guidelines, interactive PC programmes, recipes, manuals, exhibitions, courses and systematic educational plans).

Health EducationHealth Education ImplementationImplementation

NIPHNIPH – methodical guidance, producing – methodical guidance, producing printed and video educational materials printed and video educational materials at the national level.at the national level.

PH InstitutesPH Institutes – coordinate health – coordinate health education in the regions.education in the regions.

Collaboration with NGOs, schools, TV, Collaboration with NGOs, schools, TV, radio, media, etc.radio, media, etc.

Health EducationHealth Education PrioritiesPriorities

Children and YouthChildren and Youth Preschool agePreschool age – healthy nutrition, physical – healthy nutrition, physical

activity, personal hygiene, daily regimen, activity, personal hygiene, daily regimen, basics on prevention of most common basics on prevention of most common diseases, communication with physiciandiseases, communication with physician

School ageSchool age – healthy lifestyle, regimen of work – healthy lifestyle, regimen of work and rest, mental hygiene, sexual education, and rest, mental hygiene, sexual education, education against smoking and drug abuse, education against smoking and drug abuse, prevention of most common diseasesprevention of most common diseases

Adolescent ageAdolescent age – healthy lifestyle, sexual – healthy lifestyle, sexual education, HIV/AIDS, drugs, smoking, selection education, HIV/AIDS, drugs, smoking, selection of a professionof a profession

Preschool AgePreschool Ageexamples of publicationsexamples of publications

School AgeSchool Ageexamples of publicationsexamples of publications

AdolescentsAdolescentsexamples of publicationsexamples of publications


ParentsParents – education of children, healthy – education of children, healthy lifestyle,smoking, alkoholism and drug abuse lifestyle,smoking, alkoholism and drug abuse in children and youth, principles of in children and youth, principles of prevention and treatment of most common prevention and treatment of most common diseases, orientation in the health care diseases, orientation in the health care systemsystem

Adults Adults – healthy life style, impact of working – healthy life style, impact of working and living environment on health, mental and living environment on health, mental hygiene – stress, principles of prevention hygiene – stress, principles of prevention and treatment of most common diseases, and treatment of most common diseases, orientation in the health care systemorientation in the health care system

Role of ParentsRole of Parentsexamples of publicationsexamples of publications

Role of SchoolRole of Schoolexamples of publicationsexamples of publications


SeniorsSeniors – lifestyle, adaptation to a lower – lifestyle, adaptation to a lower physical and mental capacity related to physical and mental capacity related to age, principles of prevention and age, principles of prevention and treatment of most common diseases, treatment of most common diseases, orientation in the social and health care orientation in the social and health care systemsystem

Patients Patients – advices related to a disease, – advices related to a disease, diets, recommendations related to diets, recommendations related to compensation of health disorders, health compensation of health disorders, health aidsaids


CommunitiesCommunities

Based on knowledge of their Based on knowledge of their demographic and social specificities demographic and social specificities (gender, age, education, ethnicity, (gender, age, education, ethnicity, employment)employment)

Messages are more general and Messages are more general and comprehensible for all community comprehensible for all community membersmembers

Positive motivation – positive aspects Positive motivation – positive aspects and outcomes are stressed more then and outcomes are stressed more then negative onesnegative ones

Health Education in CommunitiesHealth Education in Communities StrategiesStrategies

Building collaborating team (physician, PH Building collaborating team (physician, PH officer, health counsellor, NGO, schools, officer, health counsellor, NGO, schools, municipality, entreprise)municipality, entreprise)

Partnership and national networks (Healthy Cities, Partnership and national networks (Healthy Cities, Healthy Schools), EU projectsHealthy Schools), EU projects

Providing regular information – media, bulletinsProviding regular information – media, bulletins Motivation actions related to days acknowledged Motivation actions related to days acknowledged

by WHO – Health Day, Global Day without by WHO – Health Day, Global Day without Tobacco, Mental Health Week, International Day Tobacco, Mental Health Week, International Day of Fight against HIV/AIDS, etc.of Fight against HIV/AIDS, etc.

Health Education in CommunitiesHealth Education in Communities StrategiesStrategies

Campaigns: Campaigns:

* Quit and Win* Quit and Win

* Physical Activity towards Health* Physical Activity towards Health

Connecting local, regional and national Connecting local, regional and national

campaigns is more effectivecampaigns is more effective Presentation of positive examples of Presentation of positive examples of

behaviour in public personalities (models)behaviour in public personalities (models)

Social marketingSocial marketing Dated back in 1930s, developed in 1970 in Dated back in 1930s, developed in 1970 in

USA from marketing of products and servicesUSA from marketing of products and services Effective method of promoting activities Effective method of promoting activities

related to health and health carerelated to health and health care Strategies which address selected groups of Strategies which address selected groups of

population with the aim of influencing and population with the aim of influencing and changing attitudes of people related to social changing attitudes of people related to social values, esp. health related behaviour.values, esp. health related behaviour.

Planning, surveys on attitudes of population Planning, surveys on attitudes of population groups, collaboration with massmedia, groups, collaboration with massmedia, lobbinglobbing


Intervention ProgrammesIntervention Programmes

National Health Programme of CR – health National Health Programme of CR – health promotion programmes (grant system)promotion programmes (grant system)

Effetive projects use combination of Effetive projects use combination of interventions on individual and interventions on individual and community levels – e.g. programmes of community levels – e.g. programmes of prevention of CVD, breast cancer, etc.prevention of CVD, breast cancer, etc.

Effective projects are based on Effective projects are based on intersectoral collaboration (collaborating intersectoral collaboration (collaborating team)team)


Primary Health CarePrimary Health Care Principal role of outpatient services and Principal role of outpatient services and

practitionerspractitioners Increasing role of nurses in primary Increasing role of nurses in primary

prevention – counselling – e.g. prevention of prevention – counselling – e.g. prevention of breast cancer, preventive examinations breast cancer, preventive examinations

H.e. is a part of the treatment plan and H.e. is a part of the treatment plan and recommendationsrecommendations

Collaboration with Collaboration with counselling servicescounselling services of of the PH Institutes on lifestyle – focused on the PH Institutes on lifestyle – focused on positive behaviour changes and lowering of positive behaviour changes and lowering of risk profilerisk profile

ReferencesReferences

World Health Organization - World Health Organization - http://www.who.int/topics/health_ehttp://www.who.int/topics/health_education/en/ducation/en/

National Institute of Public Health National Institute of Public Health Prague – http://www.szu.czPrague – http://www.szu.cz

health education

Documents

particular health

health educationpolicyis

guidelines education

public health institutes

national health policy

sexual education

education of individuals

principles of prevention